stress and strain tutorial 6 to answer just click on the button or image related to the answer
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Stress and Strain
TUTORIAL 6
to answer just click on the button or image related to the answer
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what is stress?
Question 1a
internal force intensitya
force per unit area c
internal force b
a or c d
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what are the units of stress?
Question 1b
kN, MNa
kPa, MPa c
kN / m, MN /m b
kNm2, MNm2d
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what is strain?
Question 2a
a bad back achea
change in size or shapec
response to stress b
b and d e
change in size or shape relative to original stated
b and c f
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what are the units of strain?
Question 2b
mm, cm, ma
no units c
kN / m b
kNmd
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what is the strain in the cable?
Question 3a
4 mma
8 x 10-4 b
50 kN
5 m
20 mm
a 20mm ø high-strength steel cable 5 m long has a weight of 50 kN at its end. Neglecting the self-weight of the cable andGiven that the cable lengthens by 4mm
8 x 10-4 mmc
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what is the stress in the cable?
Question 3b
159.2 kPaa
159.2 MPab
50 kN
5 m
20 mm
a 20mm ø high-strength steel cable 5 m long has a weight of 50 kN at its end. Neglecting the self-weight of the cable andGiven that the cable lengthens by 4mm
0.15 kPac
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is the cable strong enough?
Question 3c
noa
yesb
50 kN
5 m
20 mm
a 20mm ø high-strength steel cable 5 m long has a weight of 50 kN at its end. Neglecting the self-weight of the cable andGiven that the cable lengthens by 4mm
Given that the maximum allowable tensile stressfor high-strength steel is 1000 MPa
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what factors do we have to take Into consideration?
Question 4a
strength of the columna
slenderness of the columnb
when a column is under load
a and bc
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what is the first means of failurewe should check for?
Question 4b
column breaking under compressiona
bucklingb
when a column is under load
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what is the stress in the column?
Question 5a
1 MPaa
4 kPa b
a reinforced concrete column , 400 x 400 mm and 3.5 m high is subject to a load of 160 kN
Given that the column shortens by 0.07 mm
1 kPac
160 kN
3.5
m
400 mm
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what is the strain in the column?
Question 5b
50a
2 x 10-5 b
a reinforced concrete column , 400 x 400 mm and 3.5 m high is subject to a load of 160 kN
Given that the column shortens by 0.07 mm
0.00002 mmc
160 kN
3.5
m
400 mm
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is the column strong enough?
Question 5c
yesa
no b
a reinforced concrete column , 400 x 400 mm and 3.5 m high is subject to a load of 160 kN
Given that the column shortens by 0.07 mm
Given that the maximum allowable stressfor the concrete is 20 MPa
160 kN
3.5
m
400 mm
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could you reduce the area of the column?
Question 5d
yesa
no b
a reinforced concrete column , 400 x 400 mm and 3.5 m high is subject to a load of 160 kN
Given that the column shortens by 0.07 mm
Given that the column is understressed
160 kN
3.5
m
400 mm
maybe c
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to what size could you theoreticallyreduce the area of the column?
Question 5e
90 mm x 90 mma
400 mm x 200 mm b
a reinforced concrete column , 400 x 400 mm and 3.5 m high is subject to a load of 160 kN
Given that the column shortens by 0.07 mm
160 kN
3.5
m
400 mm
200 mm x 40 mm c
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what would be the problem with that?
Question 5f
nonea
it would buckle b
Given that you want to reduce the column to 90 mm x 90mm
160 kN
3.5
m
400 mm
it would be difficult to build c
b and c d
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next question
enough !
f = F /A – so it’s force distributed over an areathat means it’s the intensity of the force, not the force itself
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partly correct
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a thousand times NO! a force is a force – not stress
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next question
enough !
f = F /A – so it’s force distributed over an area
1 kN/m2 = 1 kPa
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that’s force units
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go back to the formulaf = F / A
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next question
enough !
strain is a response to stress andis a relative concept
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No?Then you are the pain
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I don’t like that
the change is just the deformation – not the strain
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next question
enough !
length over length means strain is dimensionless
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e = ΔL / L
this is length over length
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where’s the force in e = ΔL / L ?
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next question
enough !
0.0008 is also correct but 8 x 10-4 gives a better feel
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e = ΔL / L
what’s ΔL, what’s L, what are the units for strain?
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what are the units for strain ?
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next question
enough !
Well done !
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f = F / A
check your calculations and units(it’s good practice to keep everything to Newtons and
mm
1 N/mm2 = 1 MPa = 1MN/m2)
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enough !
actual stress of 159 MPa is much less than max allowable stress of 1000 MPa
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and then think again
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What’s the actual stress? What’s the maximum allowable stress?
Is the actual stress less or more than the max allowable stress?
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next question
enough !
both are important
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enough !
we always check to see if a column is slenderand would buckle first
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next question
enough !
Right on ! f = F / A
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How did you get that?f = F / A
What’s the force? What’s the area?
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check your calculations and your units?It’s good practice to keep everything to Newtons and
mms
1 N/mm2 = 1 MPa = 1 MN/m2
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next question
enough !
0.00002 is also correct but 2 x 10-5 is easier to follow
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Check your calculations? What’s ΔL? What’s L?
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e = ΔL / L
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What are the units of strain ??
e = ΔL / L
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enough !
actual stress of 1 MPa is much less than max allowable stress of 20 MPa
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What’s the actual stress? What’s the maximum allowable stress?Is the actual stress less than or greater than the max allowable stress?
SO ?
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enough !
it depends on how much we reduce it by
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If it’s understressed that means the area is greater than needs be
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enough !
according to calculationsA = F / f
Minimum required area = 8000 mm2
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not according to the theoretical calculations
f = F / A A = F / f
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the end !
Yes it’s much too slender. It would buckle immediately
Also, how could you pour concrete into such a small area?
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think again !
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