stone age & early cultures.ppt - twelve bridges...
TRANSCRIPT
GeographyI. Ice Ages
A. Ended about 10,000 years agoB. Ocean level dropped and exposed a land bridge
1. Allowed people to migrate around the world2. Africa to Asia3. Southwest Asia and Europe4. Northern Asia to North America5. North America down to South America
C. Forced people to move & adapt to new environments
Religion
I. First human religionsA. Believed developed during the Old Stone AgeB. Graves included food and artifacts
II. As populations grew people gathered to perform religious ceremonies (New Stone Age)
A. MegalithsB. Believed in gods and goddesses associated
with four elements: air, water, fire, and earthC. Prayed to ancestors
Society & Culture
I. Society – community of people who share a common culture
A. Early humans lived in small groups B. Hunter-gatherers
1. Men hunted in groups2. Women collected plants and took care of children
Society & Culture
II. Farming (Neolithic Revolution) Changes Societies
A. With survival more certain, people could focus on activities other than finding food
B. Began to build permanent settlementsC. Populations grewD. Shift from food gathering to food producing
Agriculture allowed for an advanced society to develop
Science & Technology
I. Prehistory – time before writing was inventedA. Hominid – early ancestor of humansB. Bones found in Africa – 3 to 4.4 million years old
II. Stone Ages – divided into three periods based on types of tools used
A. Paleolithic Era – “Old Stone Age”1. Tools
a. Used to process foodb. Sharpened stones – choppersc. Hand axd. Speare. Increased chances for survival
Science & Technology2. Language – developed to improve
communication3. Art
a. Carved figures out of stone, ivory and boneb. Painted and carved images on cave wall
1. Teach religious beliefs2. Express themselves3. Teach hunting practices
4. Clothing – animal skins sewn together
Science & Technology
5. Shelter – provided protection from the cold
a. Cavesb. Pit housesc. Tents made of animal skinsd. Permanent structures made of wood, stone, clay or animal bones (where wood was scarce)
Science & Technology
B. Mesolithic Era – “Middle Stone Age”1. More complex tools
a. fish hooks & spearsb. bow & arrowc. canoesd. potterye. pets
Science & Technology
C. Neolithic Era “New Stone Age”1. Tools
a. saws & drillsb. made fire
2. Learned to plant seeds & grow crops – agriculture3. Domestication of plants & animals
Agriculture changed human society forever!