CEOS Constellations Systems Engineering Office (SEO)

Working Group on Information Systems and Services (WGISS) Workshop

Oberpfaffenhofen, GermanyOctober 18, 2007

Steve Sandford

Brian Killough

Background

• CEOS recommended 4 constellation studies in late-2005 to bring about technical and scientific cooperation and collaboration among space agencies that meet GEO objectives and also support national priorities. The formal work plans for each constellation team was approved in late-2006.

Atmospheric Composition (NASA) Precipitation (NASA/JAXA) Ocean Surface Topography (NOAA/EUMETSAT) Land Surface Imaging (USGS)

68 member countries

Created in 198426 members + 20 associates

CEOS Systems Engineering

CEOS-Plenary 2006NASA HQ volunteered to provide Systems Engineering support to CEOS. NASA LaRC was asked to lead the systems engineering effort in early 2007. The CEOS Systems Engineering Office (SEO) was established in April 2007 to support the CEOS SIT and the Constellation Teams.

SEO Charter- science and engineering framework- requirements definition- mission assessment- constellation architecture planning- foster communication within CEOS- provide decision support tools

Provide each Cx system engineering support;Report to Cx leads

Provide cross-Cx communications, consistency, best practices, etc.;Report to CEOS SIT/SEC

SEO Charter and Benefits

SEO Charter• Provide systems level guidance and recommendations for how to effectively and

efficiently achieve the space segment of GEOSS.• Provide engineering support for CEOS Virtual Constellation teams and Working

Groups.• Facilitate requirements definition, mission assessment and constellation planning

among the international CEOS members.

SEO Benefits• SEO fosters communications among CEOS partners, Constellation teams and

Working Groups to enhance benefits.• SEO provides a systems engineering leadership role for CEOS with the ability to

respond to the needs of the CEOS in a collaborative manner.• SEO provides a framework for a coherent science and engineering plan that is

supported by the entire international community.• SEO plans to provide decision support tools for constellation trade studies and the

assessment of execution options.

•Governments•General Public

An Organizational Construct for GEOSS

Societal Link

Decision Makers

•Operational Agencies

•Policy Agencies

•Academia•Research

Agencies

•Industry•Space Agencies

•Space Agencies

Information

Taxonomy

Knowledge and Models

Measurements

Missions

SocietalBenefits

UsefulProducts

ScienceQuestions

MeasurableParameters

MissionConstraints

DRIVERS

GEO

GEOSS Agents

SEO• Taxonomy• Overlap, Missing Data• Impact• Optimization

SpaceAgencies

Virtual ConstellationsLand Imaging

Ocean Topography

Atmos Composition

Global Precipitation

CEOSOrganization

• Virtual Constellations (4)• Sys.Eng.Office (SEO)• Working Groups (3)

Space Segment ONLY

SBA Assessment

• Societal Benefits• Space, Land, Ocean

Working Groups

Info.Sys.& Services

Calib. / Valid.Education

GEOSSImplementation

GEOSS Requirements Taxonomy

Decision Makers

Information

Knowledge and Models

Measurements

Decision Makers: Individuals and groups that use informational products for decisions focused on societal benefit. Examples: governmental officials, business leaders, and the general public.

Information: Products that provide direct societal benefit. These products are developed by combining Measurements and Knowledge/Models to provide decision makers the ability to choose a course of action. Examples: forecasts, assessments, and reports.

Knowledge and Models: Understanding of geophysical processes representing geophysical parameter behavior or future states. Includes Level-3 data products and Level-4 model ouput derived from lower level products. Examples: global maps, long-term trend data, and modeled parameters.

Measurements: Direct observations of specific geophysical parameters. Includes Level-1 (calibrated data) and Level-2 (variable retrievals). Examples: radiance, ocean height, soil moisture, and relative humidity.

Missions: Implementation of space-based measurements by world space agencies to under technical and cost constraints.

RequirementsAssessment

ArchitecturePlanning

- Validation and Verification- Traceability (current, future)- Gap Analysis- Technology Feasibility- SBA value- Protocol Monitoring

- Cost / Benefit Analyses- Risk Mitigation- Probabilistic ModelsMissions

Knowledge and Models

Air Quality Decisions (Children w/asthma?, Pollution regulation?)

Measurements

Missions

Information

Decision Makers

Atmospheric Composition Constellation (ACC)Health SBA (Air Quality) Example

Societal Need

Needs a

nd R

equire

ments

Societal Benefit

Air Quality Forecasts, ValidationImproved

Indexes and Real-Time Forecasts

Resu

lts

and P

roduct

s

ACC individual missions provide limited continuity and coverage

Improved knowledge and models

Improved technology

ACC provides improved continuity, coverage and new products

Long-Term SEO Plans

• Support existing and new CEOS Constellation teams by conducting assessments, defining requirements and developing candidate architectures for the future.

• Perform an optimization and cost-benefit analysis of the GEO SBA’s and the GEOSS Space Segment implementation plan to foster support for CEOS constellations and mission planning.

• Facilitate the development of CEOS Constellation requirements documents that utilize a “GEO taxonomy” and have the potential to impact the future plans of space agencies.

• Publish and distribute a periodic SEO newsletter to highlight constellation progress and discuss specific topics.

• Foster and improve communications among the CEOS leaders, the Constellation Teams, and the Working Groups.

Conclusions

• NASA has funded a Systems Engineering capability to assist the CEOS Cx teams

• GEOSS is critical for future geopolitical stability• GEO provides political support for CEOS goals• Compelling plans strengthen that support • The CEOS Cx plans must be

• Understandable• Comprehensive• Useful• Practicable

• A common requirements taxonomy and requirements structure will help with communication, integration and implementation of Cx plans

Contact Information

• Steve Sandford, SEO Director – NASA LaRCPhone: 757-864-1836 Email: Stephen.P.Sandford@nasa.gov

• Brian Killough, SEO Deputy Director – NASA LaRCPhone: 757-864-7047 Email: Brian.D.Killough@nasa.gov

BACKUP CHARTS

A Systems Approach for CEOS

General model for Earth observation system requirements development

Decisions by: CitizensBusinesses GovernmentsPolicymakers

* Indirectly determined, e.g. clouds effect on heat flux** Directly determined, e.g. precipitation

Observations

Analysis

Decisions

Current state** of the

system

Predicted future or Current state*

of the systemSystem Model

Knowledge and Process models

Knowledge and Process models

Knowledge and Process models

Constellation Team Support

• Primary support has been to the Atmospheric Composition Constellation team and Ernie Hilsenrath (NASA lead).

• Planned and coordinated 2 workshops, developed work plan and coordinated 3 projects.

• Performed an initial gap analysis considering GEO Societal Benefit Areas (SBA) and IGACO science themes. Additional updates will be completed prior to the Nov 2007 CEOS Plenary.

• Managing a contract with Rutherford Appleton Lab (RAL, Dr. Jolyon Reburn) to conduct an assessment and gap analysis of the current and planned missions that address AC Constellation requirements.

• Developing a “draft” ACC requirements document for the CEOS Plenary. Emphasize a “GEO Taxonomy” (Measurements, Knowledge/Models, Information).

• Participated in past Land Imaging and Precipitation Cx workshops, but no significant support has been requested.

Cx Mission Gap Analysis

Example: Atmospheric Composition SBA and Mission Gap Analysis

• Include Current, In-Development, and Planned missions

• Traceability to 5 GEO SBA’s

• Traceability to 4 ACC Measurement Themes from IGACO.

• Easily identify gaps in SBA’s, Measurement Themes.

• Evaluate current or future risks to SBAs due to number of missions or schedule.

CEOS File Server

• Secure file server developed to support CEOS management and Cx teams.• Currently 52 users, 14 folders and over 100 files.• Hosted at NASA LaRC: https://ceos.larc.nasa.gov• The server requires a password, allows controlled access to folders and information, and

allows both downloading and uploading of documents.• Username and Password access is required. Contact Brian Killough (SEO) for details.

CEOS Visualization Summary

• CEOS will present visualization products (movies) at both the CEOS Plenary Meeting (Hawaii, Nov 13-14) and the GEO Summit Meeting (Cape Town, South Africa, Nov 28-30). The CEOS Systems Engineering Office (SEO) is leading the development effort of these products.

• CEOS plans to develop a SHORT (3-5 min) and LONG (10-12 min) video product that highlights the progress and objectives of the 4 Constellation teams. A CEOS Visualization Committee (VC) has been formed to work this task.

SBA Observational Requirement Assessment

Taxonomy ClassificationsM = Measurements (Data Product Level 1-3: radiance, ocean height, soil moisture)K = Knowledge (Data Product Level 3-4: maps, trend data, models)I = Information (Advanced Data Products: Forecasts, Assessments, Reports)

Disasters

Health

Energy

Climate

Water

Weather

Ecosystems

Agriculture

Biodiversity

Taxonomy Filter

Taxonomy Filter

Space Filter

Space Filter

M

K

I

M

K

I

Space

Ground-only

M

K

I

Eliminate Redundant

ObservationalRequirements

Eliminate Redundant

ObservationalRequirements

Societal Benefit Areas (9)

Phase-1

TotalMeasurement

Set

Phase-1

TotalMeasurement

Set

INPUT

OUTPUT