stem-changing verbs · ok, sooo what are stem-changing verbs? • verbs whose stem undergo a...
TRANSCRIPT
Stem-Changing Verbs
Overview
Remember that verbs are divided into two parts. You have the infinitive ending and the stem.
habl stem infinitive ending
ar
Ok, sooo what are stem-changing verbs?
• Verbs whose stem undergo a spelling change.
• These are also known as boot verbs.
• Stem-changing verbs take regular present tense verb endings.
• The nosotros and vosotros forms DO NOT stem change.
Stem-Changing Categories
v o à ue v e à i v e à ie
v u à ue (only jugar)
o !ue almorzar to eat lunch morir to die
aprobar to approve mostrar to show
colgar to hang mover to move (an object)
contar to count, to tell probar to prove, test, sample, taste
costar to cost recordar to remember
devolver to return (an object) resolver to solve
volver to return (from someplace) rogar to beg, pray
dormir to sleep sonar to sound, ring
encontrar to find soñar (con) to dream (about)
morder to bite volar to fly
e ! i bendecir (*) to bless impedir to impede
competir to compete medir to measure
conseguir to get, obtain pedir to ask for, to order
corregir to correct perseguir to pursue, to persecute
decir (*) to say, tell reír to laugh despedir(se) to dismiss, fire, to
say goodbye repetir to repeat
elegir to elect seguir to follow, continue
freír to fry servir to serve sonreír to smile
e ! ie acertar to guess, get right encender to light, kindle
advertir to advise, warn entender to understand
cerrar to close, shut fregar to scrub, wash dishes
comenzar to begin hervir to boil
confesar to confess mentir to lie
consentir to consent negar to deny
convertir to convert pensar (en) to think about
defender to defend perder to lose
empezar to begin preferir to prefer
How to conjugate
• You take the infinitive ending off. • Change the stem of all verb forms
except nosotros and vosotros. • Add the appropriate ending in the
present tense.
Example
dorm ir stem infinitive ending
We know that dormir is oàue so the “o” will change in all forms except nosotros and vosotros.
dormir – to sleep Yo duermo. Nosotros dormimos.
Tú duermes. Vosotros dormís.
Él duerme. Ella duerme. Ud. duerme .
Ellos duermen. Ellas duermen. Uds. duermen.
Another example
ped ir stem infinitive ending
We know that pedir is eài so the “e” will change in all forms except nosotros and vosotros.
pedir – to ask for, to order Yo pido. Nosotros pedimos.
Tú pides. Vosotros pedís.
Él pide. Ella pide. Ud. pide .
Ellos piden. Ellas piden. Uds. piden.
Y otro ejemplo….
prefer ir stem infinitive ending
We know that preferir is eàie so the “e” closest to the infinitive will change in all forms except nosotros and vosotros.
preferir – to prefer Yo prefiero. Nosotros preferimos.
Tú prefieres. Vosotros preferís.
Él prefiere. Ella prefiere. Ud. prefiere .
Ellos prefieren. Ellas prefieren. Uds. prefieren.
Practice
Write the correct form of the verb in parenthesis. 1. Mis amigos ___________ a la una. (almorzar) 2. Los estudiantes ____________ la respuesta correcta.
(encontrar) 3. En el restaurante, nosotros __________ una tortilla.
(pedir) 4. La maestra ___________ las palabras para los
estudiantes. (repetir) 5. Tu ____________ la limonada en vez del refresco.
(preferir)
almuerzan encuentran
pedimos
repite
prefieres