steel
DESCRIPTION
PPT on SteelTRANSCRIPT
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Phases in iron
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FerriteFerrite is a body-centered cubic form of iron in which some carbon is dissolved.
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Metallurgical Changes during welding
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Influence of Alloying Elements on the Hardenability of Steel
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Broad Catagories of Steel
Type of SteelCarbon ContentAlloy Content1. Low Carbon< 0.25%No Alloy except Mn up to 1.65%2. Medium Carbon0.25 to 0.55%< 5.0%3. High Carbon> 0.55%> 5.0%
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Weldability Index
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Thermal Severity Number
Weldability Index
Minimum preheat temperature 0C for welding with electrode size in mm
3.2
4.0
5.0
T.S.N 2
D
0
E
50
0
F
125
25
T.S.N 3
C
0
D
75
0
E
100
25
0
F
150
100
25
T.S.N 4
C
50
D
100
25
E
125
75
0
F
175
125
75
T.S.N 6
B
50
C
100
25
D
150
100
25
E
175
125
75
F
225
175
125
T.S.N 8
A
25
B
75
25
C
125
75
25
D
175
125
75
E
200
150
125
F
225
200
175
T.S.N 12
A
75
25
B
125
75
25
C
150
125
75
D
200
175
125
E
225
200
175
F
250
225
200
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Chemical Composition Requirement & Mechanical properties
AWS
Classification
C
Mn
Si
Ni
Cr
Mo
V
UTS
YS
%
El
Carbon Steel
E 7018
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1.60
0.75
0.30
0.20
0.30
0.08
70
58
22
Carbon Molybdenum Steel Electrode
E 7018-A1
0.12
0.90
0.80
0.40-0.65
70
57
25
Chromium Molybdenum Steel Electrode
E 8018-B1
0.05/0.12
0.90
0.80
0.40/0.65
0.40/0.65
80
67
19
E 9018-B2
0.05/0.12
0.90
0.80
1.00/1.50
0.40/0.65
90
77
17
E 9018-B3
0.05/0.12
0.90
0.80
2.00/2.50
0.90/1.20
90
77
17
Nickel Steel Electrode
E 8018-C1
0.12
1.25
0.80
2.00/2.75
80
67
19
E 8018-C2
0.12
1.25
0.80
3.00/3.75
80
67
19
E 8018-C3
0.12
0.40/1.25
0.80
0.80/1.10
0.15
0.35
0.05
80
68/80
24
Manganese Molybdenum Steel Electrode
E 9018-D1
0.12
1.25/1.75
0.80
0.25/0.45
90
77
17
E 8018-D3
0.12
1.00/1.75
0.80
0.40/0.65
80
67
19
E 10018-D2
0.15
1.65/2.00
0.80
0.25/0.45
100
87
16
All Other Low Alloy Steel Electrode
E 9018-M
0.10
0.60/1.25
0.80
1.40/1.80
0.15
0.35
0.05
90
78/90
24
E 10018-M
0.10
0.75/1.70
0.60
1.40/2.10
0.35
0.25/0.50
0.05
100
88/100
20
E 11018-M
0.10
1.30/1.80
0.60
1.25/2.50
0.40
0.25/0.50
0.05
110
98/110
20
E 12018-M
0.10
1.30/2.25
0.60
1.75/2.50
0.30/1.50
0.30/0.55
0.05
120
108/120
18
P & S Max. 0.03 & 0.04 Respectively.
All single values are Maximum.
UTS & YS Values are X 1000
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Schaeffler diagram
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Alloy TypeCSiMnCrNiMoUTSN/mm2Elongation %3070.050.504.5019.509.50-59030309L0.030.501.6023.5012.50-520303120.060.601.4029.009.500.3066022