status of the laser risk reduction program at larc michael kavaya, upendra singh nasa/larc
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Status of the Laser Risk Reduction Program at LaRC Michael Kavaya, Upendra Singh NASA/LaRC Working Group on Space-Based Lidar Winds Sedona, AZ Feb. 1-3, 2005. X-Centric. LRRP was R&D-centric and knowledge-centric - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Status of the Laser Risk Reduction Program at LaRC
Michael Kavaya, Upendra Singh
NASA/LaRC
Working Group on Space-Based Lidar Winds
Sedona, AZ
Feb. 1-3, 2005
X-Centric
• LRRP was R&D-centric and knowledge-centric• LRRP was jointly funded by Earth Science Enterprise and
Aerospace Technology Enterprise: ~50/50• Jan. 14, 2004 – NASA began Exploration Initiative• NASA HQ Reorganization• ATE part of LRRP given to Exploration Systems Mission
Directorate• ESMD held ICP competition: ESTO/LaRC/GSFC proposal
accepted – LLTE; funding is 50% x (15%, 42.5%, 42.5%)• FY05 – big drop in total funding• Now LRRP is Exploration-centric• LRRP never has been earth science mission-centric
LRRP LaRC Funding
$M FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 Totals
ESMD (T), formerly
OATE(R)
Gross*
Procurement
CS FTE
PBC WYE
1.8
1.4
2.5
1.8
5.2
2.3**
9.7
1.2
0.7
1.7
1.3
3.25 3.25 7.7
Science/ESTO, formerly
OESE(Y)/ESTO
Gross*
Procurement
CS FTE
PBC WYE
2.0
1.5
2.0
1.4
4.4
2.0
7.3
3.4
1.9
6.0
3.7
3.4 0 6.7
Total Gross*
Procurement
CS FTE
PBC WYE
3.8
2.9
~12
4.5
3.2
~12
9.6
4.3
17.0***
4.6
2.6
7.7
5.0
6.65 3.25 14.4
Begin NASA’s Exploration Initiative
Begin Full Cost Accounting* Different definitions under BAU & FCA** Was 2.6 until 11/30/04*** Includes ~ 4 surfeit FTEs
Begin Laser/Lidar 4 ExplorationBegin Laser Risk Reduction Program
• 2-Micron Pulsed Transmitter Laser Development• Pump Laser Diode Arrays Development,
Characterization, & Qualification (792 nm)• Wavelength Conversion From 1-Micron to UV, High E• Detector/Receiver Advancement For Direct and
Coherent Detection at 2-Microns• Laser Physics, New Materials
LaRC Components Of LRRP, FY02-04
LaRC LRRP Accomplishments
• Discovered more efficient 2-micron laser material - mitigates large resource req’t of s/c
• Demonstrated over 1 Joule pulse energy at 2 microns; (world record by order of magnitude) - enables active wind & CO2 measurement
• Designed fully conductively cooled 2 micron laser head - mitigates thermal mgmt risk of high-power lasers
• Developed diode laser characterization and lifetime facilities - to understand failure modes of future solid state lasers
• Developed innovative UV generation architectures - enablers for trop ozone
• Developed 2-micron detector characterization facility - to enable better detector fabrication
• Developed high responsivity detector• Built first integrated receiver breadboard
for 2-micron coherent lidar - more compact & robust
Power and Polarization
Pulse Width
Wavelength and Linewidth
Beam Profile and Divergence
Optical Spectrum Analyzer
Power Meter
Integrating Sphere
Laser Diode
ThermalInterface
LD Characterization LD Lifetime Test
Current, Voltage, Temp, and PRF
Near FieldEmitters Image
Laser DiodeThermalProfile
Power and Polarization
Pulse Width
Wavelength and Linewidth
Beam Profile and Divergence
Optical Spectrum Analyzer
Power Meter
Integrating Sphere
Laser Diode
ThermalInterface
LD Characterization LD Lifetime Test
Current, Voltage, Temp, and PRF
Near FieldEmitters Image
Laser DiodeThermalProfile
Vb1 Vb2
GND
Vcc1 Vcc2
Out 1 Out 2
75 m InGaAs Detectors
TransimpedanceAmplifiers
Al2O3 Substrate
Capacitor
LaRC Components Of LRRP, FY05-07
Task 1. 2-Micron Pulsed Laser Transmitter
2-Micron Testbed
Compact 2-Micron Laser (1a)
12/04 Develop requirements for an engineering hardened 2-micron laser
3/05 Develop conceptual engineering design for a hardened 2-micron laser test bed
8/05 Complete mechanical design
9/05 Critical design review
Amplifier Development (1b)
10/04 Complete laser diode coupling efficiency analysis
1/05 Complete thermal and stress analysis
4/05 Complete amplifier head design
8/05 Complete amplifier module design
Phase Conjugate Mirror (1c)
12/04 Develop criteria for selecting potential PCM approaches compatible with 2-micron lasers
5/05 Develop and improve amplifier models to optimize the amplifier performance with PCM
technology
LaRC Components Of LRRP, FY05-07
Task 1. 2-Micron Pulsed Laser Transmitter (cont.)
Tm Fiber Pumped Ho Laser (1d)
3/05 Develop a model to simulate an end-pumped Ho laser
3/05 Characterize the commercial Tm fiber laser
6/05 Complete a design for a CW Ho laser directly pumped by Tm fiber laser
9/05 Complete a continuous wave Ho laser directly pumped by Tm fiber laser
Radiation & Contamination Mitigation (1e)
4/05 Define the radiation hardness levels and generate parts list of potential space-bound
components
9/05 Develop and design contamination testing station
Task 2. Mars Orbiter Lidar
Modeling & Requirements (2a)
7/05 Lidar performance model of Mars wind measurement
7/05 Rapidly switched seed source
8/05 Lidar performance model of Mars CO2 measurement
9/05 Design of orbiting lidar system
9/05 Double-pulsed wavelength-switched injection seeding validation
LaRC Components Of LRRP, FY05-07
Task 3. 792-nm Laser Diode Arrays
Characterization and Qualification (3a)
6/05 Develop a setup for measuring package-induced stresses
9/05 Evaluate different LDAs from different suppliers
Technology Advancement Addressing Reliability Issues (3b)
1/05 Design and fabricate LDAs with improved geometry
6/05 Fabricate experimental LDAs using advanced composite submount materials
Task 4. Detector Development For 2-Micron Direct DIAL3/05 Develop phototransistors suitable for 2 micron with sensitivity > 1000 A/W at 2 microns, 200
micron diameter collecting area, NEP < 2E-14 W/Hz**0.5, and QE of 80%
4/05 Validate detector performance in subsystem
7/05 Design and build a mask with standard collecting area diameter of 1000 microns
LaRC Components Of LRRP, FY05-07
Task 5. UV Wavelength Conversion Technologies from 1 Micron
6/05 Complete RISTRA OPO and SFG based nonlinear optics setup generating 320 nm wavelength
9/05 Complete the integration of the Nd:YAG pump laser and nonlinear optics setup generating 308 nm wavelength
Task 6. Advanced Receiver For 2-Micron Coherent Doppler Lidar
3/05 Design optimized wideband receiver boards (0.5, 1.0, 5.0 GHz)
9/05 Fabricate and test 500 MHz receiver board
Conclusions
• LRRP is a great idea, but by no means the only thing that needs doing
• LRRP has survived so far the upheavals at NASA• The new form of LRRP will continue to advance technology
helpful to the global winds measurement• NASA does not appoint a measurement “shepherd” with a
budget to oversee theory, modeling, technology devel., technology and technique validation, and space readiness validation related to that one measurement. I wonder if that approach would succeed?
• Will Mars be a stepping stone to earth?