status of the esrf operation & upgrade - kit · 2013-12-05 · esls, karlsruhe/kit, 21-22...

1ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade

[CINEL]

ESLS Meeting 2013KIT – ANKA

21st – 22nd November

Status of the ESRF operation & upgrade

J. Jacobon behalf of the

Accelerator & Source Division

Thanks to J.-L. Revol and P. Raimondi for providing many of the slides

Third generation light sourceLocation: Grenoble, FranceCooperation: 19 countriesAnnual budget: 100 million €Staff: 600Start User Mode 1994

Energy 6.04 GeV

Multibunch current 200 mA

Horizontal emittance 4 nm

Vertical emittance 4 pm

844 m circumference storage ring DBA lattice, 32 straight sections

42 Beamlines (including 12 on Bending Magnet BL)

The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility

10 Hz Booster

Synchrotron

200 MeVElectron

Linac

Availability: 98.83 %Mean Time Between Failures: 77.7 hours

Average over the last 4 years

• More than 6000 annual user visits• 1800 publications every year

ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 2

90%

91%

92%

93%

94%

95%

96%

97%

98%

99%

100%

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

98,30%99,04% 98,78% 98,91% 98,58% 98,69%

1,70%0,96% 1,22% 1,09% 1,42% 1,31%

Perc

enta

ge o

f ava

ilabi

lity

Years

Accelerator Availability

ESRF record

In progress

Always greater than 98.5 % !


Operation performance

0

20

40

60

80

100

64,5

75,8

67,5

107,8

60,0

69,4

1,1 0,7 0,8 1,2 0,9 0,9

Hou

rsMean Time Between Failures

Mean timeper failure

ESRF record

In progress



@ Phase I (from 2009 to 2015)

Eight new beamlines Extension of the experimental hall Refurbishment of many existing beamlines Developments in synchrotron radiation

instrumentation Upgrade of the X ray source for

availability, stability, capacity and brilliance

The Upgrade Programme

@ Phase II (from 2015 to 2019)

Four new beamlines Developments in instrumentation and support facilities Increase the brilliance and the coherence of the source implementation of a low emittance lattice horizontal emittance reduced from 4nm to 150pm

• Project endorsed by ESRF council in November 2012• Technical Design Study (TDS) by June 2014

New buildings available


ID16


Accelerator Upgrade Phase I

• Upgrade of BPM electronics• Improvement of the beam position stability• Coupling reduction

• 6 m long straight sections• Cryogenic in-vacuum undulators• 7 m straight sections

• New RF SSA Transmitters

• New RF Cavities

• Top-up operation

• Studies for the reduction of the horizontal emittance

Done Done (z = 4 pm)

Two CPMUs installed Done (cell 23 in winter 2012)

4 in operation on booster 2 in operation on SR cell 23

2 in operation on 7 m cell 231 more beginning of 2013

Done (8 operational)

Ongoing project

TDS in progress

7 metre ID23

7 metre ID23

Done

CPMU

Single cell HOM damped cavity

SSA

Standard cell

6 metre straight

Top up project (phase 1)Tested in September 2013 with users to determine the optimum injection rate: • Every 10 to 20 min = good

compromise between small heat load variation

and minimum injection disturbance

Phase 1 project for end 2015• Linac and Injection/Extraction

refurbishment: in progress• Fast booster injection kicker: in project• Resonant cleaning in the booster: in

progress• Ramped booster power supplies (4 Hz):

in project• RF solid state amplifiers in the booster:

since March 2012• 2 4 five-cell cavities in project

16 bunch filling (life = 12 h)with artificial vertical beam blow up to increase lifetime

At ESRF: Top up largely beneficial for time structured fillings with high current per bunch, penalised by short lifetime


Top up every 10 min, 20 min, 30 min

917th ESLS RF, Berlin, 18-19 September 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF RF upgrade

Booster

RF upgrade phase 1Storage Ring

Cell 5Cav 1 & 2

Cell 7Cav 3 & 4

Teststand

Klys1 Klys2

SY Cav 1 & 2

150 kW

150 kW

150 kW

150 kW

pulsed

Replacement of Booster Klystron by: 4 X 150 kW SSAs from ELTA / AREVA: In operation since March 2012

10 Hz pulses / 30 % average/peak power

1 common 280 V dc / 400 kW power supply

3.2 F anti-flicker & smoothing capacitor banks: Wall plug power: 400 kW instead of 1.2MW

3 X 150 kW SSA from ELTA Powering 3 new HOM damped

cavities on the storage ring

1st SSA to power 1 cavity since August 2013

2 SSAs / 2 cavities active in normal operation since October 2013

3rd SSA+Cavity: January 2014

150 kW150 kW

Cell 23, length 5 m 7 m

prototype HOM damped cavities … 2 cavities tested with beam

in 2011-2013 on cell 25 with klystron transmitter TRA3

150 kW

… 3 prototype HOM damped cavities August 2013: 2 cavities in

new 7 m section/cell 23

December 2013: installation of 3rd cavity


HOM damped cavities for upgrade phases 1 & 2

3 functional cavities in house from RI, CINEL and SDMS

12 additional cavities in procurement in the frame of phase 1 : proposals for the next cavities

in house order to be placed coming

weeks delivery scheduled end 2015

-------

15 cavities: 14 for the ring and 1 spare

Phase 1 (existing lattice): 14 HOM damped

cavities + 2 five-cell cavities for more stability & more robust RF working points

Phase 2 (low emittance ring):• 14 HOM damped

cavities mandatory for stability !

Strategy – RF transmitters

• 150 kW SOLEIL – ELTA SSAs with coaxial combiners: 4 units on the booster (March 2012) 3 units on the SR will (last one in operation from

January 2014) to feed 3 new cavities

• Remaining HOM damped cavities could be started with power from existing klystron transmitters

• Ongoing ESRF in house development of SSAs Successful test of first 12 kW prototype SSA using a

cavity combiner (funded by EU under FP7/ESFRI/CRISP)

Next step: 75 … 100 kW prototype

• Gradual implementation of more SSAs envisaged in longer term


352 MHz 1.3 MW Klystron

Thales TH 2089

Accelerator Upgrade Phase II

• Reduce the horizontal equilibrium emittance from 4 nm to 150 pm• Maintain the existing ID straights and beamlines• Maintain the existing bending magnet beamlines• Preserve the time structure operation and a multibunch current of 200 mA• Keep the present injector complex• Reuse, as much as possible, existing hardware• Minimize the energy lost in synchrotron radiation • Minimize operation costs, mainly wall-plug power• Limit the downtime for installation and commissioning to about one year.

A recurrent request from ESRF beamlines: reduction of the horizontal emittance … … with the strong constraint of re-using the same tunnel and infrastructure

Thanks to the worldwide efforts made to develop an Ultimate Storage Ring,the ESRF is re-addressing the question, with the following requirements:

Present DBA lattice

Future7 bend lattice


Low Emittance Rings Trend

APS II


Bleu: Dipoles Red: Quadrupoles Green: sextupoles

The ESRF low emittance lattice

Present ESRF latticeDouble Bend Achromat

x = 4 nm.rad

Proposed hybrid 7 Bend Lattice x = 150 pm.rad

@ 7 bending magnets D1to7 reduce the horizontal emittance

@ Space between D1-D2 and D6-D7β-functions and dispersion allowed to grow

chromaticity correction with efficient sextupoles

@ Dipoles D1, D2, D6, D7 longitudinally varying field to further

reduce emittance

@ Central part alternating combined dipole-quadrupolesD3-4-5high-gradient focusing quadrupoles

@ D4 end (0.34T) and D5 entrance (0.85T) Source points for BM beamlines Alternative under study: replace BM

sources by short wigglers for simpler dip/quad design

Ongoing optimization of the Lattice !D1 D2 D6 D7D3 D4 D5

20

20

60


40

0

10

0

[m]

[m]

The ESRF low emittance lattice

@ 2 quadrupoles on each side of the straight section

provide in the middle (last version S25):x = 4.80 mz= 2.58 m

@ Special injection cell with a larger x

• Same total cell phase advances, same sextupole configuration ⇒ Minimum symmetry breaking

• 2 kickers at phase advance• No sextupole inside the injection bump ⇒ no

perturbation of the stored beam

@ ID’s at same location frf = + 150 kHz

@ Dynamic aperture large enough to: Use the same injector complex

( implementation of frf = + 150 kHz)

Injection section


Proposed hybrid 7 Bend Lattice x = 150 pm.rad

Brilliance at lower horizontal emittance

E = 6.04 GeVI = 200 mA

Hor. Emittance [nm] 4 0.15

Vert. Emittance [pm] 3 2

Energy spread [%] 0.1 0.09

x[m]/z [m] 37/3 4.3 / 2.6

1015

1016

1017

1018

1019

1020

1021

1022

1023

Bril

lianc

e [P

h/s/

0.1%

bw/m

m2 /m

r2 ]

3 4 5 6 7 8 91 keV

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 keV

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9100 keV

Photon Energy

1.6 m W150

4 m Helical U88

3.2 m U42

4.8 m U35

4 m CPMU18

Present lattice (plain) New lattice (dashed )

0.85 T bending magnet

4 m CPMU14

x 30


Coherence at lower horizontal emittance

Hor. Emittance [nm] 4 0.15

Vert. Emittance [pm] 3 2

Energy spread [%] 0.1 0.09

x[m]/z [m] 37/3 4.3 / 2.6

10-5

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

100

Coh

eren

t Fra

ctio

n []

3 4 5 6 7 8 91 keV

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 keV

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9100 keV

Photon Energy [keV]

4 m helical U88

4 .8 m U35

4 m CPMU18

Present lattice (Plain)New lattice (dashed)

E = 6.04 GeVI = 200 mA

x 30x 4



• Low emittance ring: same operation modes as existing machine

(preliminary) Multibunch 16-bunches 4-bunchesTotal current [mA] 200 90 40Nb. Bunches 868 16 4Bunch length [ps] 23 61 73Lifetime [h] 12 2 1.5

Lifetime & longitudinal stability

Top up developed in phase 1 will be mandatory for phase 2

• New lattice twice as sensitive to HOM driven LCBI as existing machine:

HOM damped cavities developed in phase 1 are mandatory for phase 2

Technical challenge: magnet system

High gradient quadrupoles 100 Tm-1

• Spec:100 T/m x 335 mm• Bore radius: 11 mm • Mechanical length: 360 mm• 1-2 kW Quadrupole

Around 60Tm-1

Combined dipole quadrupoles0.85 T / 45 Tm-1 & 0.34 T / 50 Tm-1

Sextupoles200 mm2B/dx2 = 3000 Tm-2

Permanent magnet (Sm2Co17) dipoleslongitudinal gradient 0.16 0.6 T, magnetic gap 22 mm,2 metre long, 5 moduleswith a small tuning coil ± 2 %

D1

D2

D6

D7

D3D4

D5


Magnet design status

• Dipole, quadrupole, sextupole and octupole are well advanced• Combined dipole-quadrupole in progress• Prototyping will start soon

PM dipole module High gradient quadrupole OctupoleSextupole

Technical challenge: magnet system


Technical challenges: compactness

7 bend lattice

@ Energy efficient source: 30% less power consumption of the SR:• Increase efficiency of the production of magnetic field• RF systems tailored to the reduced losses per turn from 5.4 to about

3.6 MeV/turn, including 0.5 MeV ID radiation

@ Vacuum: • Low vacuum conductance due to reduced aperture of the chambers• Main chambers presumably made from stainless steel with NEG coating

with localised pumping • Lumped absorbers to collect the radiation from dipole magnets

@ Mechanical design very challenging due to the compactness• only 3.4 metre of drift tube per cell instead of today’s 8m


Implementation

Present DBA lattice


Use the hall later for long beamlines and support facilities

@ Extension of the experimental hall to provide • 2500 m2 of preparation and storage area

@ Dismount and reconstruct the whole storage ring in about9 months - in 3 sliding parallel working areas

+ 3 months start up and commissioning


Road map

Budget: 100 M€ Implementation of the new storage ring lattice10 M€ Extension for the experimental hall20 M€ Four state of the art beamlines20 M€ Instrumentation and support facilities

Schedule:◊ Nov 2012 White paper

Nov 2012- June 2014 Technical Design Study◊ Nov 2014 Council decision

Jan 2015 – Aug 2018 Detailed design and procurement◊ End 2016 Preparation and storage building

Aug 2018– Aug 2019 Shutdown for installation and commissioning◊ Autumn 2019 Back to operation

TDS in progress Done


• First APAC Meeting held on 5-6 September 2013.

• Very positive and constructive event

• 3 APAC Meetings foreseen in 2014 (first on January 23-24)

Present DBA lattice


Conclusion

Thanks to: • the large expertise gained during ESRF UP phase 1 • and the worldwide efforts to develop Diffraction Limited Storage Rings,

ESRF Upgrade Phase II will be an excellent opportunity to:• drastically increase the brightness of our Light Source before 2020and also:• improve and expand the science reach of the SR-based light sources• enable new technologies• provide important know-how to continue the push for higher performances in SR-

based Light Sources



Thank you !!

status of the esrf operation & upgrade - kit · 2013-12-05 · esls, karlsruhe/kit, 21-22...

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