Statistical

Methods and

Measurement

ScalesPresented by

Kristel May A. Sarzadilla

Statistics deals with

• Collection

• Organization

• Presentation

• Analysis

• Interpretation

Statistical

Methods

Descriptive Statistical Method Descriptive statistics are used to describe

the basic features of the data in a study. They

provide simple summaries about the sample

and the measures. Together with simple

graphics analysis, they form the basis of

virtually every quantitative analysis of data.

http://www.socialresearchmethods.net

Correlational Method

Correlation is a statistical technique that

can show whether and how strongly pairs of

variables are related. For example, height and

weight are related; taller people tend to be

heavier than shorter people.

http://www.surveysystem.com

Inferential Method We use inferential statistics to try to infer

from the sample data what the population might think. Or, we use inferential statistics to make judgments of the probability that an observed difference between groups is a dependable one or one that might have happened by chance in this study.

http://www.socialresearchmethods.net

Measurement

Scales

Nominal Scale

Used as measures of identity.

Examples:

Religion

Sex

Ordinal Scales

Used in measurement

wherein numbers reflect

the rank order of the

individual or objects

Interval Scale

Provides numbers that reflect differences

among items.

Measurement units are equal.

Has no reference to zero

MDAS has meaning

Ratio Scale

It has absolute zero.

M & D have meaning