Static electricityStatic electricity Introduction Introduction

Static electricity is all about charges which are not free to move. This cause them to build up in one place and it often ends with a spark or a shock when they do finally move.

•Only electrons moves.

•+ve or –ve are always produced by movement of electrons.

•There are insulators and conductors. From conductor passes from insulators no.

Uses of static electricityUses of static electricity

• Painting produces an even coat is to give the surface being painted a static charge and the paint the opposite charge.

• To remove pollutants from smoke.• Thunderclouds have huge amounts of

electrostatic charge which cause electrical polarization in the objects around.

• when the attraction of the ground ant the cloud over comes lightning strikes strikes. .

STATIC ELECTRICITYSTATIC ELECTRICITY• Electrical charge hat is fixed in a position in Electrical charge hat is fixed in a position in

some materials.some materials.• This consists the charge in motions.This consists the charge in motions.• Two different types of electrical charges that Two different types of electrical charges that

are are positivepositive and and negativenegative charge. charge.• They exert forces on each other.• Like Electric Charges Repel Unlike Charges

Attract.• In every day life electrical charges In every day life electrical charges

consists of an axcess of an axcess consists of an axcess of an axcess of particles called electrons. of particles called electrons.

• Conductors are able to separate Conductors are able to separate their electrons from their electrons from their atoms their atoms and move.and move.

GENERAL KNOWLAGEGENERAL KNOWLAGE

• When two insulators are rubbed electrons will When two insulators are rubbed electrons will be scabbed off one and dumped on the other.be scabbed off one and dumped on the other.

• Finally one will be positively charged and the Finally one will be positively charged and the other negatively charged.other negatively charged.

• Moving electrons by rubbing is called friction.Moving electrons by rubbing is called friction.• Charging by friction also takes place when a Charging by friction also takes place when a

person walks on nylon. An electroscope is person walks on nylon. An electroscope is used to detect electricity.used to detect electricity.

• The way the electrons move The way the electrons move depends on the material. depends on the material.

• The example is this:The example is this:

Charging by induction is a Charging by induction is a bit tricky.bit tricky.

• It tends to induce Charge when something that It tends to induce Charge when something that is not charge moves near something that is is not charge moves near something that is charged. charged.

• This is because electrons in the uncharged This is because electrons in the uncharged object moves towards or against.object moves towards or against.

• The result is always the same. The new The result is always the same. The new arrangement of the charge makes the two arrangement of the charge makes the two objects pull together.objects pull together.

• This is because the repelling This is because the repelling charge are now further apart charge are now further apart than the attraction charge. than the attraction charge.

A charge builds up, so A charge builds up, so does the voltage.does the voltage.

• The greater the The greater the charge on an charge on an insulator the insulator the greater the voltage greater the voltage between it and the between it and the earth.earth.

• If the voltage is big If the voltage is big enough there will be enough there will be a spark..a spark..

• High voltage cables High voltage cables can be dangerous can be dangerous for this reason.for this reason.

• Big sparks have Big sparks have been known to been known to leap from overhead leap from overhead cables to earth.cables to earth.

• A charged A charged conductor can be conductor can be discharged safely discharged safely by connecting it by connecting it to earth with a to earth with a metal strip.metal strip.

Some general features

• Air rushing past your Air rushing past your car can give a +ve car can give a +ve charge. When you charge. When you touch the car it gives touch the car it gives you a real buzz.you a real buzz.

• When synthetic clothes When synthetic clothes are dragged over each are dragged over each other electrons get s other electrons get s dragged off, leaving static dragged off, leaving static charges on it , this leads charges on it , this leads to a inevitable attractionto a inevitable attraction

Other some general features

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