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Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like charges” (same charges) repel each other

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Page 1: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

Static Electricity

2 Laws of Static Charges

Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other

Law of repulsion = particles with “like charges” (same charges) repel each other

Page 2: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

Electrical Discharge

• When an object is charged, it stays that way until the electrons have a path to escape

• When charges are transferred VERY quickly this is called ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE

• Sparks are an example of this• Lightning is an a VERY large electrical discharge• The air becomes a passage for electrons to

travel and causes a spark

Page 3: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

What makes the light and Crackling Sound during a spark?

- Collisions between air particles and moving electrons!

- when your negatively charged hand

reaches for the neutral doorknob, the excess electrons transfer

due to induction

Page 4: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

GROUNDING

• Removing excess charge on an object through electron transfer

• Connecting a charged object to the Earth’s surface- When you connect a chargedobject to the ground = apath for charges to travelto and from the ground

Page 5: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

Electrical Insulators and Conductors

Insulators: resists or blocks movement of electronsEx: wood, rubber, plastic

Conductors: allows movement of electrons through Ex: copper and aluminum

Page 6: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

Electrostatic Series

Page 7: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

Triboelectric Series

Page 8: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

Electron Affinity

- The tendency of a substance to hold onto electrons

Using the Electrostatic series, how can we determine which charge will the following substances get after they have been rubbed together?

Page 9: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

Ebonite Rod and Fur

Page 10: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

Glass and Silk

Page 11: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

HOW CAN OBJECTS BECOME CHARGED?

Page 12: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

CHARGING BY FRICTION

Page 13: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like
Page 14: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

CHARGING BY FRICTION

• two objects rub together, the force removes electrons from one object and transfers them to the other object

• Object that lost electrons = positively charged

• Object that gained electrons = negatively charged

Page 15: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

CHARGING BY CONTACT

Page 16: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

CHARGING BY INDUCTION

Page 17: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

Grounding the Object Using a Water Tap or your Finger

Page 18: Static Electricity 2 Laws of Static Charges Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other Law of repulsion = particles with “like

References

• A Dercho• Investigating Science 9 -Pearson