static electricity 2 laws of static charges law of attraction = particles with opposite charges...
TRANSCRIPT
Static Electricity
2 Laws of Static Charges
Law of attraction = particles with opposite charges attract each other
Law of repulsion = particles with “like charges” (same charges) repel each other
Electrical Discharge
• When an object is charged, it stays that way until the electrons have a path to escape
• When charges are transferred VERY quickly this is called ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE
• Sparks are an example of this• Lightning is an a VERY large electrical discharge• The air becomes a passage for electrons to
travel and causes a spark
What makes the light and Crackling Sound during a spark?
- Collisions between air particles and moving electrons!
- when your negatively charged hand
reaches for the neutral doorknob, the excess electrons transfer
due to induction
GROUNDING
• Removing excess charge on an object through electron transfer
• Connecting a charged object to the Earth’s surface- When you connect a chargedobject to the ground = apath for charges to travelto and from the ground
Electrical Insulators and Conductors
Insulators: resists or blocks movement of electronsEx: wood, rubber, plastic
Conductors: allows movement of electrons through Ex: copper and aluminum
Electrostatic Series
Triboelectric Series
Electron Affinity
- The tendency of a substance to hold onto electrons
Using the Electrostatic series, how can we determine which charge will the following substances get after they have been rubbed together?
Ebonite Rod and Fur
Glass and Silk
HOW CAN OBJECTS BECOME CHARGED?
CHARGING BY FRICTION
CHARGING BY FRICTION
• two objects rub together, the force removes electrons from one object and transfers them to the other object
• Object that lost electrons = positively charged
• Object that gained electrons = negatively charged
CHARGING BY CONTACT
CHARGING BY INDUCTION
Grounding the Object Using a Water Tap or your Finger
References
• A Dercho• Investigating Science 9 -Pearson