statehood - prawo.uni.wroc.pl · elements of statehood art. 1 of the montevideo convention on the...
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STATEHOOD
Marta Statkiewicz
Department of International and European Law
Faculty of Law, Administration and Economics
University of Wrocław
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STATEHOOD
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STATEHOOD
INDEPENDENCYSOVEREIGNITY
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ELEMENTS OF STATEHOOD
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ELEMENTS OF STATEHOOD
Art. 1 of the Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of the States, 1933
The state as a person of international law should possess the following qualifications:
a) a permanent population;
b) a defined territory;
c) government;
d) capacity to enter into relations with the other states.
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ELEMENTS OF STATEHOOD
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TERRITORY
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TERRITORY
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POPULATION
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EFFECTIVE GOVERNMENT
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CAPACITY TO ENTER INTO RELATIONS
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RECOGNITION OF STATES
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UNILATERAL ACTS OF STATES
1. PROTEST – unilateral declaration designed to object to an act or action performer by another State;
its purpose and legal effect is to show that the protesting State does not recognize, accept, or acquiesce in the act or
action; or preserves te right to challenge that act or action
2. RECOGNITION (of act or conduct) – unilateral transaction (or, in the case of tactit or implicit recognition, conduct) aimed atconsidering as legitimate that situation or conduct
its legal effect is to bar the recognizing State from subsequently challenging what had been previously recognized
3. RENUNCIATION – willing unilateral abandoment of a right, which is deliarate and clear (although it may be explicit or tacit)
4. NOTIFICATION - act by which State makes other States informed of a certain action it has performed
its legal effect is to preclude the other States from subsequently claiming that, not knowing the action notified, they were
entitled to behave differently
5. PROMISE – unilateral declaration by which a State undertakes to behave in a certaint manner
it establishes a new rule binding the promising State toward one or more States
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explicit
de iure
individual
de facto
implied
collective
RECOGNITION
political (subjective)
deleyedpremature
legal (objective)
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RECOGNITION OF STATES
CONSTITUTITVE DECLARATORY
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ROLE OF THE RECOGNITION OF STATES
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ROLE OF THE RECOGNITION OF STATES
I. testifies the will of recognizing State to initiate international interactions with the new State
II. proves that the recognizing State consider that in their view the new entityfulfils alll the factual conditions considered necessary for becoming aninternational subject
III. once granted, it bars the recognizing State from altering its position and claiming that the new entitiy lacks statehood
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