Stanford Peer-to-Peer Multicast Stanford Peer-to-Peer Multicast ––Overview and Recent ExtensionsOverview and Recent ExtensionsStanford Peer-to-Peer Multicast Stanford Peer-to-Peer Multicast ––Overview and Recent ExtensionsOverview and Recent Extensions

JeongJeonghhun Nohun Noh, Pierpaolo Baccichet, Pierpaolo Baccichet11, , Frank HartungFrank Hartung22, Aditya Mavlankar, and Bernd Girod, Aditya Mavlankar, and Bernd Girod

May 8, 2009May 8, 2009

Image, Video and Multimedia Systems GroupImage, Video and Multimedia Systems GroupInformation Systems LaboratoryInformation Systems Laboratory

Stanford UniversityStanford University

11Now with Dyyno IncNow with Dyyno Inc..22On Leave from Ericsson, EuroLab.On Leave from Ericsson, EuroLab.

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 2

Outline

Overview of Stanford P2P Multicast (SPPM) Extensions

– Time-shifted streaming– Interactive region-of-interest streaming– Streaming to mobile devices

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 3

Stanford P2P Multicast (SPPM)

P2P-based low-latency and video-aware live streaming Multiple-multicast-tree overlay

– Pushing video: reduces end-to-end delay and duplicate video packets

– Path diversity: improves resilience– Fine-grained bandwidth aggregation

Network-aware retransmissions Tested on PlanetLab

[Setton et al., P2PMMS 2005]

[Setton et al., Proc. IEEE, 2008]

[Baccichet et al., ICME 2007]

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 4

Multiple Complementary Multicast Trees

Tree 1

Tree 2

… …Video stream

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 5

Packet Scheduling

Parent

PI B P B P B

7 1 6 1 4 1 2

[Setton et al., ICME 2006]

[Setton et al., ICIP 2006]

Child 1

Child 2

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 6

Clogging

Video stream Contributing peer Leech

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 7

Active Overlay Management

[Noh et al., Globecom 2008]

Klicken Sie, um das Titelformat zu bearbeitenDemo

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 9

Outline

Overview of Stanford P2P Multicast Extensions

– Time-shifted streaming– Interactive region-of-interest streaming– Streaming to mobile devices

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 10

Time-Shifted Streaming

Time

Video position

Live stream

Peer 1

t1

x2

Peer 2

t2

Peer 3

t3

Fast Prefetching

[Noh et al., Submitted to Globecom 2009]

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 11

Video Availability Among Peers

No fast prefetching Fast prefetching

Averaged over 100 simulation runs

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 12

Server Load

150 peers. Avg. lifetime: 120s.

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 13

Outline

Overview of Stanford P2P Multicast Extensions

– Time-shifted streaming– Interactive region-of-interest streaming– Streaming to mobile devices

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 14

IRoI Streaming to Many Peers

Peer A Peer B

Packet-switched network

Packet-switched network

high-spatial-resolution video

Peer can control RoI

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 15

IRoI P2P: Overlap in Region-of-Interests

Resolution layer n

:::

:::

P slices

Thumbnail overview

User BUser A

SERVER

CLIENTS

[Mavlankar et al. EUSIPCO 2007]

Overlap in required slices

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 16

IRoI Streaming Using SPPM

[Mavlankar et al. ICIP 2008]

thumbnail high-resolution slices

Video server

Klicken Sie, um das Titelformat zu bearbeitenRoIs of 10, 50, 100 Users

10 Users

50 Users

100 Users

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 18

Outline

Overview of Stanford P2P Multicast Extensions

– Time-shifted streaming– Interactive region-of-interest streaming– Streaming to mobile devices

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 19

Streaming to Mobile Devices

In SPPM, mobile devices are leeches– Low uplink speed– Limited battery

The needs for video transcoding– Small screen– Limited downlink speed– Limited video capabilities

– H. 263, some support H.264 baseline profile– No B pictures

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 20

Video Transcoding for Mobile Users

… …Video stream

Transcoding

Transcoding

Transcoding

Transcoding

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Distributed Transcoding

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14

I1 B2 B3 P4 B5 B6 P7 B8 B9 P10 B11 B12 P13 B14

1 5 9 13

13

1 2 6 10

1 4 8 12

13

13

14

I1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 I1 P2

Original stream

Substream 1

Substream 2

1 3 7 11 13Substream 3

Substream 4

1 2 2 4 5 6 6 8 9 10 10 12 13 14Assembled

Klicken Sie, um das Titelformat zu bearbeitenEffects of Peer Churn

All parents present 2 out of 4 parents 1 out of 4 parents

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 23

Conclusions

Review of Stanford P2P Multicast Extensions to live multicast streaming

– Time domain: Time-shifted streaming– Spatial domain: Region-of-Interest streaming– Heterogeneous peers: Video transcoding

Harnessing peer resources– Uplink capacity– Storage– Processing power

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 24

Thank you!

Noh et al.: SPPM – Overview and extensions May 08, 2009 PCS 2009 25

Experimental Results

Video- Foreman CIF at 590 kbps

Fixed node peers- Average lifetime: 120s- Reconnection time: 3s

Channel- Two-state Markov Model

Good Bad

0.01

0.15

0.99 0.85