Stage 5 NotesStage 5 Notes

Caecilius ambulat. servus laborat.

Caecilius walks. The slave works.

leo dormit. mercator currit.

The lion sleeps. The merchant runs.

Caecilius ambulat. servus laborat.

Caecilius walks. The slave works.

leo dormit. mercator currit.

The lion sleeps. The merchant runs.

All of the above sentences there is a singular subject and a singular verb.

Sentences that refer to more than one person use a different form of the subject and the verb.

This known as the plural.

All of the above sentences there is a singular subject and a singular verb.

Sentences that refer to more than one person use a different form of the subject and the verb.

This known as the plural.

Look at the following sentences:

Singular Plural

puella laborat. puellae laborant.

The girl works. The girls are working.

servus dormit. servi dormiunt.

The slave sleeps. The slaves are sleeping.

Look at the following sentences:

Singular Plural

puella laborat. puellae laborant.

The girl works. The girls are working.

servus dormit. servi dormiunt.

The slave sleeps. The slaves are sleeping.

Look at the following sentences:

Singular Plural

leo ambulat. leones ambulant.

The lion walks. The lions are walking.

mercator ridet. mercatores rident.

The merchant laughs. The merchants laugh.

Look at the following sentences:

Singular Plural

leo ambulat. leones ambulant.

The lion walks. The lions are walking.

mercator ridet. mercatores rident.

The merchant laughs. The merchants laugh.

In each of these sentences both the noun and the verb show the difference between the singular and the plural.

If you have a plural subject, you will have a plural verb.

Please note that we are only learning about the third person singular and plural right now.

In each of these sentences both the noun and the verb show the difference between the singular and the plural.

If you have a plural subject, you will have a plural verb.

Please note that we are only learning about the third person singular and plural right now.

Singular Plural

laborat laborant

dormit dormiunt

ambulat ambulant

ridet rident

Singular Plural

laborat laborant

dormit dormiunt

ambulat ambulant

ridet rident

With the above verbs, the 3rd person singular ending is –t and the 3rd peron plural ending is –nt.

Cerberus est in via.

Cerberus is in the street.

puellae sunt in via.

The girls are in the street.

With the above verbs, the 3rd person singular ending is –t and the 3rd peron plural ending is –nt.

Cerberus est in via.

Cerberus is in the street.

puellae sunt in via.

The girls are in the street.

Form the present tense of intro, intrare, intravi: to enter.

1st person - intrO

2nd person - intrAs

3rd person - intrAt

3rd person pl -intrAnt

Form the present tense of intro, intrare, intravi: to enter.

1st person - intrO

2nd person - intrAs

3rd person - intrAt

3rd person pl -intrAnt

I enter, I am entering

You enter, You are entering

He/she/it enters, is entering

They enter, are entering

Conjugate and translate ardeo, ardere, arsi: to burn into the present tense-

1st person -

2nd person -

3rd person -

3rd person pl -

Conjugate and translate ardeo, ardere, arsi: to burn into the present tense-

1st person -

2nd person -

3rd person -

3rd person pl -

1st person - ardeo

2nd person - ardes

3rd person - ardet

3rd person pl -ardent

1st person - ardeo

2nd person - ardes

3rd person - ardet

3rd person pl -ardent

ardeo, ardere, arsi present tense-

I burn, I am burning

You burn, You are burning

He/she/it burns, he/she/it is burning

They burn, they are burning

Conjugate and translate sum, esse, fui: to be into the present tense-

1st person -

2nd person -

3rd person -

3rd person pl -

Conjugate and translate sum, esse, fui: to be into the present tense-

1st person -

2nd person -

3rd person -

3rd person pl -

1st person - sum

2nd person - es

3rd person - est

3rd person pl - sunt

1st person - sum

2nd person - es

3rd person - est

3rd person pl - sunt

sum, esse, fui present tense-

I am

You are

He/she/it is

They are

Just as we saw with verbs, the nouns in the following sentences also change from singular to plural.

All of these nouns are in the nominative case, which you know is the subject of the sentence.

Just as we saw with verbs, the nouns in the following sentences also change from singular to plural.

All of these nouns are in the nominative case, which you know is the subject of the sentence.

Puella laborat. Puellae laborant.

servus dormit. serví dormiunt.

leo ambulat. leones ambulant.

mercator ridet. mercatores rident.

Puella laborat. Puellae laborant.

servus dormit. serví dormiunt.

leo ambulat. leones ambulant.

mercator ridet. mercatores rident.

The nouns puella, servus, leo, and mercator are in the nominative singular and puellae, servi, and mercatores are in the nominative plural.

The declension that the noun belongs to will dictate what ending the nominative plural is.

CLC’s unit I book lists the nominative and then the accusative. In unit II, you will see the genitive

The nouns puella, servus, leo, and mercator are in the nominative singular and puellae, servi, and mercatores are in the nominative plural.

The declension that the noun belongs to will dictate what ending the nominative plural is.

CLC’s unit I book lists the nominative and then the accusative. In unit II, you will see the genitive

To form a first declension noun into the nominative and accusative cases use the dictionary entry.

Dictionary Entry: villa, villam

Chop off the -AM and attach a -AE to the second form of the dictionary entry to make a first declension noun nominative plural.

To form a first declension noun into the nominative and accusative cases use the dictionary entry.

Dictionary Entry: villa, villam

Chop off the -AM and attach a -AE to the second form of the dictionary entry to make a first declension noun nominative plural.

Nom formChop off -am

Attach endings

Decline and translate the noun villa, villam: house.

Nom sing ______ trans: ________Acc sing ______ trans: ________Nom pl ______ trans: ________

Answer: Nom villa : the house (subj)Acc villam : the house (after the

verb)Nom pl villae : the houses (subj)

Decline and translate the noun villa, villam: house.

Nom sing ______ trans: ________Acc sing ______ trans: ________Nom pl ______ trans: ________

Answer: Nom villa : the house (subj)Acc villam : the house (after the

verb)Nom pl villae : the houses (subj)

To form a second declension noun into the nominative and accusative cases use the dictionary entry.

Dictionary Entry: agnus, agnum Chop off the -um and attach a - i to the

second form of the dictionary entry to make a second declension noun nominative plural.

To form a second declension noun into the nominative and accusative cases use the dictionary entry.

Dictionary Entry: agnus, agnum Chop off the -um and attach a - i to the

second form of the dictionary entry to make a second declension noun nominative plural.

Nom formChop off -um

Attach endings

Decline and translate the noun agnus, agnum: lamb.

Nom sing ______ trans: ________Acc sing ______ trans: ________Nom pl ______ trans: ________

Answer: Nom agnus : the lamb (subj)Acc agnum : the lamb (after the

verb)Nom pl angi : the lambs (subj)

Decline and translate the noun agnus, agnum: lamb.

Nom sing ______ trans: ________Acc sing ______ trans: ________Nom pl ______ trans: ________

Answer: Nom agnus : the lamb (subj)Acc agnum : the lamb (after the

verb)Nom pl angi : the lambs (subj)

To form a third declension noun into the nominative and accusative cases use the dictionary entry.

Dictionary Entry: leo, leonem

Chop off the -EM and attach a -ES to the second form of the dictionary entry to make a third declension noun nominative plural.

To form a third declension noun into the nominative and accusative cases use the dictionary entry.

Dictionary Entry: leo, leonem

Chop off the -EM and attach a -ES to the second form of the dictionary entry to make a third declension noun nominative plural.

Nom formChop off -is

Attach endings

Decline and translate the noun leo, leonem: lion.

Nom sing ______ trans: ________Acc sing ______ trans: ________Nom pl ______ trans: ________

Answer: Nom leo : the lion (subj)Acc leonem : the lion (after the verb)Nom pl leones : the lions (subj)

Decline and translate the noun leo, leonem: lion.

Nom sing ______ trans: ________Acc sing ______ trans: ________Nom pl ______ trans: ________

Answer: Nom leo : the lion (subj)Acc leonem : the lion (after the verb)Nom pl leones : the lions (subj)