SSRL: A Vision for the Future

Joachim Stöhr, SSRL Director

SSRL 32nd Annual Users' MeetingOctober 17, 2005

• Present status

• Management vision and goals

• Future scientific opportunities and facilities

Present Status

SPEAR3: A State-of-the-art 3rd Generation X-ray Source

Shanghai LS: 3.5Diamond (UK): 3.0Australian LS: 3.0Canadian LS: 2.9Soleil (France): 2.5Swiss LS: 2.5

1.9 GeV ALS

7GeV APS

10.01 0.1 10 100

1020

1016

1012

Photon Energy (keV)

3 GeV, SPEAR3

New sources are in 2.5 – 3.5 GeV range:

SSRL Users Beam UptimeFebruary 3, 2005 - July 31, 2005

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36921 36949 36977 37005 37033 37061 37089

PERC

ENTE

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Power Outage

Jan-05 Feb-05 Mar-05 Apr-05 May-05 Jun-05 Jul-05

SPEAR3 Performance

• Feb. 4 – Aug. 1, 2005 run delivered 95% of scheduled user shifts.

• 760 experimental starts on 19 beam line stations.

• 900 users were badged to perform experiments.

• User demand was 150% of available resources.

• 89% US users: Univ. (53%), Nat. Labs (29%), Industry (7%).

• 11% foreign users: Univ. (8%) , Labs. (3%).

FY 2005 Experimental Run Summary

FY 2006 Experimental Run

Dates: November 28, 2005 to August 7, 2006

holiday shutdown Dec. 23 (4 pm) – January 3 (8 am) but run extension August 1 – 7

provides 3 more days and availability of 7 more BLs

BLs 7-1, 7-2, 7-3 are being totally rebuilt and will come up in February

Bl 4-2: SAXS camera & software BL 6: K-B and TXRF system

SSRL Facility Upgrades

• State-of-the-art 3rd generation storage ring

• Most beam lines operational

• Extremely reliable operation at 100 mA

• Ring test of 500 mA operation successful – beam in BL 6

• Upgrade of insertion device lines toward 500 mA operation to be completed by end 2006

• Upgrade of bending magnet beam lines by 2007

…but even with completion of upgrade program

• Full science potential of SPEAR3 will not have been realized

SPEAR3 - Present Status and BL Upgrades

talks tomorrow byBob Hettel &Tom Rabedeau

Vision and goals

Director’s Statement

I want SSRL to be known for :

• Its world-class science

• Its caring for employees and users safety

• Its value to DOE and other stakeholders (e.g. NIH)

• Its importance within SLAC and Stanford

The New SSRL Directorate

SSRL’s Future Role within SLAC

One of three pillars of photon science program at SLAC

SSRLLCLS

SSRL program can maintain vitality for more than 10 years

Science programs complementary to LCLS

Important part of research in Centers is linked to SSRL

Significant additional scientific opportunities exist

Challenge is: Full utilization of SPEAR3 capabilities Identification of new opportunities Funding of new facilities

Centersof

Excellence

Ultrafast Center

X-Ray Lab. of Advanced Mat.

…….

SSRL administrative plans:

• Create “Scientific Advisory Committee” (SAC) in addition to “Proposal Review Panel” (PRP) SAC formation nearly complete

• Review recruiting and retention (career) issues of staff scientists. Task force to make recommendations

Charge drafted

SPEAR3 - Opportunities and New Facilities

• Opportunities identified over last 3 years by: SSRL scientific staff, users and faculty

• Plan supported by outside committee and by SSRL PRP chaired by S. Sinha (UCSD) and R. Chianelli (UTEP, also PRP Chair)

• List expanded by discussions within directorate / faculty

First implementation stage has 3 year horizon (next DOE review in 2008)

Funded and in process:• Structural Molecular Biology BL 12 (Caltech funded)• Soft X-Ray Facility BL 13 (DOE funded)• Hard X-Ray Microscope - TXM (NIH funded)

Proposals to DOE-BES 2005:• High Resolution Photoemission BL (under review)• Small Angle X-Ray Scattering BL (end of year)• Nanoscale Dynamics Research (end of year)

In planning: • Superconducting in-vacuum undulator source (Stanford (donor) / DOE) - inelastic x-ray scattering station - hard x-ray microscopy (STXM) station

Other - capture new opportunities:• e.g. high-throughput SMB bend beam lines

SPEAR3 - New Facilities

Existing Beam Lines• 7 IDs – in blue color • 4 bends – in red color 27 experimental stations, 23 operate simultaneously

BLs under construction:BL12: Macromolecular crystallography BL in-vacuum undulator. Moore gift to Caltech ($12.4M to SSRL) - Q1/07BL13: Soft x-ray nanoscience BL variable polarization undulator – microscopy , coherent scattering, spectroscopy funded by DOE-BES - move from BL5 in ‘07

BL13

IDBL12

Easy-access new source points (ID and B)• 2 – 1.5 m ID - small gap ( one used for BL12) • 2 - 3.8 m ID ( one used for BL 13 )• 2 - 2.3 m ID• 3 - bends

SPEAR3 – Beam Lines and Expansion Capacity

Possible number of stations• 19 IDs • 17 bends

Funded beam lines – in process

Funded through Moore Foundation gift to Caltech

In-vacuum small gap undulator - on order

KB focusing optics, beam size - 20 µm x 200 µm

Microdiffractometer for micro-crystal studies

Protein Crystallography BL12

• Installation of ID and beam line in 2006 shutdown

• PRT beam line with 60% general user time

Funded DOE Proposal

Soft X-ray BL 13 with 3 Endstations

EPU SGM

STXM

Coherent, ResonantX-ray Scattering

Nanoscience, environmental science, chemistry and biology

To be moved from BL 5-2 - fall 2007

Adv.Spectrosc.

SPECKLE

STXM

SPECKLE

Spectroscopy

slit

reflectiveCondenser

MZP

CCD

Si(Li)

x

y

BL 6-2

spatial resolution: 20 nm

Energy: 3 keV – 14 keV

2D and 3D Imaging

Fluorescence microprobe integral

Various contrast modes: absorption contrast, Zernike phase contrast

Hard X-Ray Microscopy Facility on BL 6-2

Beam line proposals 2005

New ARPES Branch on Beam Line 5

New EPU sourceHigh resol. plane grating mono < 150 eVARPES endstation

New SAXS-WAXS Bending Magnet Beam Line

bend magnetbetweenbeamlines4 and 5

focusingmirror (h & v)

mono:multilayers& Si(111)

SAXS detectorin 5m flight path

Sample environments:- furnace to ≈800 oC- multi-sample holder (≈12) up to 200 oC- stopped-flow cell- chamber for windowless SAXS- space for optics instrumentation- heated shear cell- grazing incidence-SAXS chamber

WAXSdetector

• Focused ~ 1x1012 h/s• E = 5.9 - 20 keV• 0.1 x 0.1 mm2 focus on detector• SAXS: Q ≈ 0.001 – 0.5 Å-1 • WAXS: Q ≈ 0.5 – 6 Å-1

Proposal to DOE – late 2005 : Cost ~ $ 3.0 million

slits: h & v

Nano-scale Dynamics – Combining Focusing with Time-resolution

• Conventional x-ray techniques: ensemble averages in space and time. intrinsic dynamics averages out

• Coherent x-rays (speckle): can measure fluctuations limited coherent flux

Goal: Direct observation of dynamics/fluctuations on nanoscale

• Science: dynamics and fluctuations in disordered systems, liquid crystals, supercooled liquids, phase transitions: glass transition, magnetic phase transitions….. excited state dynamics laser pump – x-ray probe nanocrystals, surfaces ...

• Time-scales from 100 picoseconds to seconds. pump with high rep-rate laser using full synchrotron rep-rate.

• Alternative method: focus to spot size ~ correlation length employ time-resolved detectors

Science proposal to DOE – late 2005

In planning –

2 BLs on superconducting in-vacuum undulator

– depends on donor fund drive

In-Vaccum Superconducting Undulator

Propose to use for 2 stations: Inelastic scattering and hard x-ray STXM microscope

both 1.5 m length

E0

ΔE = E0 - E’

E’

sample

e-

photonphoton

6400 6500 6600 6700 6800 6900 7000 7100

elastic peak

E0 [eV]

Compton peak

Raman scattering

ΔE ~ 200 - 1000 eV

Inte

nsit y

[lo

g s c

a le ]

graphite

Inelastic X-ray Scattering Facility

Science: Bulk characterization of low Z materials

ambient conditions- systems with high vapor pressure, aqueous systems - carbonaceous systems (asphaltenes, coals)- Li-C batteries

extreme conditions- different phases of H2O - methane hydrates, N2, O2, CO, CO2, NO - hydrogen storage in nanotubes- superconductitivy (Li, oxygen)

• SSRL will remain a central and important part of “Photon Science” at SLAC

• SPEAR3 offers exciting new scientific opportunities • Their capture requires new state-of-the-art instrumentation / BLs

• Proposed facilities are matched to the external and in-house users

• Their funding and implementation will cover the timeframe > 2010

Future Challenges:

Improved operation of SPEAR3 – beam time, beam quality, safety

Funding to capture the identified opportunities– beam lines, instrumentation, staff

Summary