ss_578_2012_ use and maintenance of fire extinguishers
DESCRIPTION
USE AND MAINTENANCE OF PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERSTRANSCRIPT
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UPDATE ON
SINGAPORE STANDARD
SS 578 : 2012
USE AND MAINTENANCE OF
PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
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CHANGES TO THE STANDARD:
SS CP 55 : 1991
Code of Practice for
Use and Maintenance of Portable Fire Extinguishers
Replaced by:
SS 578 : 2012
Code of Practice for
Use and Maintenance of Portable Fire Extinguishers
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
CLASSIFICATION OF FIRES
IN SS CP 55, DIFFERENT TYPES OF FIRES
WERE CLASSIFIED INTO CLASSES A, B, C & D.
CLASS A Ordinary combustible materials
CLASS B Flammable liquids and flammable gases
CLASS C Live electrical equipment
CLASS D Combustible metals
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
CLASSIFICATION OF FIRES
SS 578 DEFINES CLASSES OF FIRES
ACCORDING TO THE MATERIAL
UNDERGOING COMBUSTION.
ELECTRICITY ITSELF DOES NOT BURN.
HENCE THE STANDARD DOES NOT DEFINE
A PARTICULAR CLASS OF FIRE
INVOLVING AN ELECTRICAL RISK.
A NEW CLASS F FIRE IS INTRODUCED
FOR FIRES INVOLVING COOKING MEDIA
IN KITCHEN APPLIANCES.
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
CLASSIFICATION OF FIRES
SS 578 SS CP 55
Class A Ordinary combustible
materials
Class B Flammable liquids
Class C Flammable gases
Class D Combustible metals
Class F Cooking media
Class A Ordinary combustible
materials
Class B Flammable liquids &
gases
Class C Live electrical
equipment
Class D Combustible metals
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCY HAZARDS
CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCY HAZARDS:
REMAINS THE SAME AS IN CP 55 EXCEPT THAT THE
AMOUNT OF CLASS B FLAMMABLES PRESENT IN THE
AREA IS TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT.
LOW HAZARD normal Class A combustibles present e.g.
offices, classrooms, etc. with Class B flammables < 5 litres
MEDIUM HAZARD showrooms, car parks, light industry, etc.
with Class B flammables >5 litres < 20 litres.
HIGH HAZARD exhibition areas, wood-working, warehouses
etc. with Class B flammables > 20 litres.
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
SS 578 SS CP 55
Low Hazard amount of combustibles & flammable
liquids present small fires expected.
Medium Hazard fires of moderate size expected
High Hazard fires of severe magnitude
expected
Classification remains the same, but the amount of
flammable liquids present
in the room or area is
quantified.
Low Hazard < 5 litres
Medium Hazard >5 20 litres
CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCY
HAZARDS
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
SELECTION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
SS 578 SS CP 55
Selection by anticipated class of fire Choice of extinguishing medium,
water, foam, CO2, dry powder, halon 1301 & 1211
Class A fires: water types multi-purpose dry powder types halon types foam types
Selection by anticipated class of fire Choice of extinguishing medium
water, foam, CO2, dry powder, wet chemical & clean agent
Class A fires: water types multi-purpose dry powder types clean agent types foam types
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
SS 578 SS CP 55
Class B fires: powder types halon types CO2 mechanical foam (AFFF)
Class B fires: powder types clean agent type CO2 mechanical foam (AFFF)
SELECTION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
SS 578 SS CP 55
Class C fires: (Live electrical equipment) halon types CO2 powder types
Class C fires: (Flammable gases) clean agent types CO2 powder types Fires in live electrical equipment: clean agent, CO2, powder types (must be marked as suitable for use on live electrical equipment)
SELECTION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
SS 578 SS CP 55
Class D fires: types approved for use on
specific combustible metal hazards
Cooking media fires: powder types halon types
Class D fires: types approved for use on
specific combustible metal hazards
Class F fires: (cooking media) Class F rated extinguishers
SELECTION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
SS 578 SS CP 55
CLASS A FIRE Table 1 gives minimum sizes for
use on the various classification of occupancy hazards ranging in rating from 3A to 55A
Low hazard: 1A covered 40 m2
Medium hazard: 1A 20 m2
High hazard: 1A 15 m2
CLASS A FIRE
Table 1 removed
Low hazard: min 13A
Medium hazard: min 21A
High hazard: min 34A
A unit of A can cover 15 m2 regardless of hazard classification Max travel distance 15 m for all
occupancy hazard classification
DISTRIBUTION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
SS 578 SS CP 55
CLASS B FIRE (Fires in flammable liquids of non-
appreciable depth)
Class B fires (low hazard) min extinguisher size 8B with max travel distance of 3 m
CLASS B FIRE
(Fires in flammable liquids of non-appreciable depth)
Class B fires (low hazard) min extinguisher size 21B with max travel distance of 5 m
DISTRIBUTION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
SS CP 55 DISTRIBUTION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
CLASS B FIRES IN FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS OF NON-APPRECIABLE DEPTH
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
SS 578 DISTRIBUTION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
CLASS B FIRES IN FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS OF NON-APPRECIABLE DEPTH
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
SS CP 55 DISTRIBUTION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
CLASS B FIRES IN FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS OF APPRECIABLE DEPTH
CLASS B RATED EXTINGUISHERS TO BE PROVIDED:
34B for surface area not exceeding 0.5 sq.m
70B for surface area not exceeding 1 sq.m
Travel distance from hazard to nearest extinguisher < 7m.
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
SS 578 DISTRIBUTION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
CLASS B FIRES IN FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS OF APPRECIABLE DEPTH
TO DETERMINE MINIMUM PROVISION OF EXTINGUISHERS:
BASED ON SURFACE AREA OF CONTAINERS
a) EACH ROOM OR ENCLOSURE TO BE CONSIDERED SEPERATELY
b) FIRE RISKS MORE THAN 20M APART CONSIDER SEPERATELY
c) FIRE RISKS WITHIN 20m OF ANOTHER FIRE RISK ASSESSED AS UNDIVIDED GROUP (i.e. containers less than 2m apart) OR DIVIDED GROUPS (i.e. containers more than 2m but less than 20m apart)
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
SS 578 DISTRIBUTION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
CLASS B FIRES IN FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS OF APPRECIABLE DEPTH
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
SS 578 DISTRIBUTION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
CLASS F - FIRES INVOLVING FATS AND COOKING OILS
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MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
INSTALLATION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
SS 578 SS CP 55
Extinguishers to be installed
such that the carrying handle is not more
than 1.5 metres above the floor
Gross weight < 4 kg installed such that carrying handle is not more than 1.2 m above the floor Gross weight > 4 kg installed such that carrying handle is not more than 1 m above the floor
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MOUNTING HEIGHT OF EXTINGUISHERS:
FLOOR LEVEL
Max. 1.2m
for gross
wt.< 4 kg Max. 1m
for gross
wt. > 4 kg
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SS 578
EXTINGUISHERS MANUFACTURED TO MEET SS EN 3 STANDARD:
CYLINDER: RED COLOUR
SHOULD HAVE A COLOUR BAND TO IDENTIFY THE EXTINGUISHING MEDIUM CONTAINED IN THE EXTINGUISHER
MAIN CHANGES MADE IN THE REVISION
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INSTRUCTION MANUAL
This manual or phamplet
to give brief instructions
on use and maintenance.
Each new extinguisher
shall be provided with a
manual.
WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR MAINTENANCE?
SS 578
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THANK YOU