srebrenica kroz minula stoljeća, knjiga 1 [dr. adib Đozić, dr. edin mutapčić i mr. rusmir...

7/30/2019 Srebrenica kroz minula stoljeća, knjiga 1 [dr. Adib Đozić, dr. Edin Mutapčić i mr. Rusmir Djedović; 2012.]

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/srebrenica-kroz-minula-stoljeca-knjiga-1-dr-adib-dozic-dr-edin-mutapcic 1/399



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ɏɑɯɮɢɥɡȿɄɋȱɌɎȿɅȲ

ɈɁȺȸɁȺɌɅəȱɄɈɁȺȳɌȷȺɂȿȺɋɄ

ɁɑɓʍɚɮɘʍɑɟɠʍɚɬɤȴɠɑɨɬɥɫɤɓɡɩɑɟɬɮɔɢɤɭɚʍɑɤɈɑɡɑʍɚɟɤɬɮɟɑɨɚɡɥʍɑ

ɓɡɤɵɯɟɚɬɚɬɑɤɫɚɨɟɚɨɫɑɨɯɡ



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25 Y# Mckòfg gmoow nfw bmdfov nfln$cjeo` bmdfov bujd [uèj{fg# Fc jpu jyfcfjc {n` u`lfjc |mw cj{ cmd`k

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27 Opk|fl Rjc [nmoojgqv/ W{pkf`c qpu L`wgnfgn{` Ejwcf`cw pck Wùef`cw fd Df{{òmo{ù / Dÿcgn`c pck

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5;

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|f{c`ww`w bujd {nfw kfw{ufg{ d`c{fjc`k fc {n` gnmu{ùw fwwp`k ev Ejwcfmc upoùw# Jc {n`

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{n`w` bmg{w fckfgm{` {nm{ kp` {j {n` djw{ fdyju{mc{ ujo` jb {n` lu`m{ cjeo`w bujd [uèj{fg/

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{n` d`kfm`rmo Ejwcfm#

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|f{c`ww`w .|f{njp{ {n` {f{o`& mojcl |f{n Pwjum mck Wjo `w{m{`$j|cùw#20

F{ fw fdyju{mc{ {j d`c{fjc {nm{/ yujemeov pckù {n` fcp`cg` jb {n` yujg`ww`w{nm{ {jjh yomg` fc {n` wjp{n/ {nm{ fw {n` „omck‖ jb Ejwcfm/ {n` djw{ yujdfc`c{ yujg`ww jb

u`lfjcmofqm{fjc/ {jjh yomg` yu`gfwòv fc {n` mu`m jb {n` wjp{n$`mw{ùc Pwjum/ {nm{ fw {n`

mu`m jb [uèj{fg#22

Gjcw`}p`c{ov/ wfcg` {n` {fd` |n`c |f{c`ww`w bujd gù{mfc gjpc{f`w w{mu{`k

myy`mufcl fc {n` gnmu{ùw jb {n` Ejwcfmc upoùw/ {n` |f{c`ww`w jb [uèj{fg |ù` mowjyu`w`c{# Nj|`rù/ {nfw |mw cj{ {n` {fd` |n`c [uèj{fg |mw d`c{fjc`k fc {n` nfw{jufgmo

wjpug`w bju {n` uw{ {fd`# \` nmr` mou`mkv `w{meofwn`k {nm{ fc {n` om{` =7{n g`c{puv

.{nm{ fw mb{ù =5>5& |` nmr` {nu`` gmw`w jb womr` {umk` jc u`gjuk e`{|``c {nfw mu`m mckKpeujrcfh# [npw/ fc bb`g{/ {n` wòofcl jb {n` womr` Wdjo`{md k` [uèj{fgn`/ u`gjuk`k jc

50 Apom =5>5 fc {n` o`w jb {n` Umlpwmc mp{njuf{f`w/ mowj u`yu`w`c{w {n` uw{ d`c{fjcfcljb {nfw kfw{ufg{ fc {n` d`kfm`rmo kjgpd`c{w#2<

\` wnjpok yjfc{ jp{ {n` bmg{ {nm{ fc {n` kjgpd`c{w jb {n` mp{njuf{`w d`c{fjc`k

mejr` mw u`lmukw gjuu`wyjck`cg` go`muov w{m{`k {nm{ {n`v |ù` bujd Ejwcfm/ mck {n`v

umuòv pw`k u`lfjcmo {ùdw# Fc gjuu`wyjck`cg`/ {n` mu`m jb {n` cju{nùc Ejwcfm |mw2; Bumcq Dfhojwfgn8 Djcpd`c{m W uefgm/ Wy`g{mc{fm Nfw{jufmd Wùefm` Ejwcm` Umlpwff8 Rf`ccm`/ =>0>#

.nù`fcmb{ù1 Bu# Dfhojwfgn/ Djcpd`c{m Wùefgm&/ yy# =9=$=978 O# [nmoojgqv/ W{pkf`c/ =2$=>8 D#

R`lj/ Yjw{mcmh / yy# =0=$=078 Dfojw Eomlja`rfg/ Ejwmcwhj qmruwa / Qejucfh Bfojqjbwhjl bmhpo{`{m p

E`jlumkp/ ^FR$=/ E`jlumk/ =6<6/ yy# =7;$=7>#

20 [# Wdfgfhomw/ GK/ / yy# <<$>=8 Bu# Dfhojwfgn/ Djcpd`c{m W uefgm/ yy# =90$=9<8 D# R`lj / Yjw{mcmh /

yy# =;<$=;6#

22 [n` cmd` jb [uèj{fg |mw yujemeov kùfr`k bujd {n` Womrfg |juk ХέСƅ/ |nfgn d`mcw wmgufg`.wmgufw`&# Fc jukù {j apw{fbv {nfw jyfcfjc |` |foo yjfc{ jp{ {nm{ fc Pwjum |` nmr` mc mu`m jb [uèmr`fc {n` cju{n .mu`m e`{|``c Djkufgm/ Lumkmgmg/ Kjeja mck Lumgmcfgm&/ jc {n` ejukù |f{n {n` „omck‖

jb Ejwcfm/ |nù` m cmnfv` |mw bjud`k/ mck yujemeov m kfw{ufg{ wjd`|nm{ `muofù/ [uè`{fc .{j|mukw

Dmloma mck Q`yg`&/ |nfo` fc {n` wjp{n |` nmr` {n` u`lfjc jb [uèj{fg# Ej{n cmd`w nmr` {n` wmdùjj{1 [uè`rfg/ [uèfca` { mo# [nfw fw m rùv fc{ù`w{fcl jggpuu`cg`/ |nfgn wnjpok e` dju` {njujplnov

u`w`mugn`k bujd {n` l`jlumynfgmo mck ynfojojlfgmo yjfc{ jb rf`|#

2< Ajwfy Opgfg/ Wyfwf kpeujrmgh` hmcgòmufa` FF / y# =<6#



50

djw{ jb{`c u`bùu`k {j ev m u`lfjcmo {ùd/ {nm{ fw Pwjum .Rwjum&# \` d`c{fjc {n`w` bmg{w

dmfcov bju {n` u`mwjc jb wnj|fcl {nm{ {nfw mu`m e`gmd` rùv `muov jc m u`lfjcmo g`c{ùf#`# m u`lfjc# [nfw eòf`b fw mowj wpyyju{`k ev {n` bmg{ {nm{ jcov m v`mu om{ù/ {nm{ fw jc 52

Apov =5>7/ {umk` |f{n [joofwgompmd k` [uèj{fgn2> {jjh yomg`/ mck jc 59 Bèupmuv =799 Mo`lu`{pw k` [uèj{fg |mw kòfrù`k bujd womrùv#26

\` nmr` mou`mkv `w{meofwn`k {n` ujo` jb {n` nfln cjefof{v bujd {nfw mu`m .[uèj{fg&fc {n` yjof{fgmo ofb` jb {n` d`kfm`rmo Ejwcfm# F{ bjooj|w {nm{ [ru{hj Frmncfg fc {n` yjof{fgmo

ofb` jb Pwjum mck Ejwcfm {jjh {n` ujo` {nm{ nfw bm{nù nmk muofù „gjpc{v yu`b`g{ Frmnc‖#

[nfw dmh`w pw gjcgopk` {nm{ f{ nmyy`c`k mb{ù nfw bm{nù‖w k`m{n# Nfw wjc/ [ru{hj/ e`gmd`

modjw{ m gjcw{mc{ yu`w`cg` fc {n` yjof{fgmo ofb`/ mck |jpok om{ù jc uw{ u`g`fr` {n` {f{o`jb {n` {`ygf Xw{`|mukT/ mck wjd` {fd` om{ù {n` {f{o` jb {n` kph` jb Pwjum/ |nfgn gmc e`

w``c bujd nfw {f{o`w1=707 Frmnc Frmcjrfg

=70; [ ygfg Frmnc

=70< Rj`rjkm XKph`T [ru{hj mck nfw euj{nù gjpc{v yu`b`g{ Cjrmh =722 ‗ =72< Rj`rjkm XKph`T [ru{hj mck q eum{fjd=7<; Rjarjkm XKph`T [ru{hj mck w eum{ajd

F{ wnjpok e` yjfc{`k jp{ {nm{ fc moo {n`w` gnmu{ùw {n` |f{c`ww`w „jb [uèj{fg‖ |ù`

cj{ cjdfcmoov d`c{fjc`k ep{ {n`v |ù` um{nù fcgopk`k mdjcl {n` |f{c`ww`w bujd Pwjum#

[ru{hj/ {n` wjc jb Frmnc/ |mw m|muk`k {n` {f{o` jb m kph` yujemeov kp` {j nfw ojvmo{v

{j Emc [ru{hj m{ {n` {fd` |n`c uèòofjcw fc Pwjum {jjh yomg` m{ {n` rùv e`lfccfcl jb [ru{hj‖w upo`#<9

Fc {n` jm{n jb Emc [ru{hj jb =70</ n` |mw jcov d`c{fjc`k mw „kph` [ru{hj‖/ mck

fc emc‖w gnmu{ùw jb =722/ =72< mck =7<7 mw {n` kph` mdjcl {n` |f{c`ww`w „jb Pwjum‖# <=

[nfw bmg{ e`w{ fckfgm{`w {nm{/ u`lmuko`ww jb {n` rùv fdyju{mc{ ujo` jb {n` bmdfovfc }p`w{fjc/ mw |òo mw {n`fu u`lfjc jb [uèj{fg fc {n` w{upg{pu` jb {n` d`kfm`rmo Ejwcfmc

w{m{`/ {nfw u`lfjc |mw cjdfcmoov m ymu{ jb Pwjum# [nfw/ {nm{ f{ |mw yu`gfwòv {nfw Kph`

[ru{hj |nj eòjcl`k {j cjeo` w{m{`$j|cùw bujd [uèj{fg/ fw gjcud`k ev {n` bmg{ {nm{nfw wjc Rom{hj Rjarjkfg [ru{hjrfg |mw fc gù{mfc gnmu{ùw m |f{c`ww bujd [uèj{fg/ mck

fc j{nùw m |f{c`ww bujd Pwjum#

Fc {nfw yùfjk {n` u`lfjc jb [uèj{fg/ mw {n` w`m{ jb {n` kph` jb {n` `c{fu` Pwjum

omck mowj e`gmd` f{w yjof{fgmo g`c{ù/ mck kp` {j f{w fdyju{mcg`/ {n` cmd` jb {nfw u`lfjc

ypwn`k mwfk` {n` {ùd Yjkufca`/ ep{/ m{ {n` wmd` {fd`/ f{ mewjue`k f{#<5 F{ nmk {n` wmd`

w{m{pw kpufcl {n` {fd` jb nfw wjc mck n`fu fc {n` yjwf{fjc jb Kph` Rom{hj .Rjarjkfg&#2> Ajwfy Opgfg/ Wyfwf kpeujrmgh` hmcgòmufa` FF / y# 5<6#

26 Ajwfy Opgfg/ Wyfwf kpeujrmgh` hmcgòmufa` FR / y# 07#

<9 Juefc d`c{fjcw {n` uèòofjc o`k ev Ymro` Hpofwfg# .Dmruj Juefc/ Humoa`rw{rj Wojr`cm/ E`jlumk/

=62>/ yy# =;>$=;6& Mggjukfcl {j Mcgfg/ {n` jcov r`c{ fc {n` e`lfccfcl jb [ru{hj‖w upo` {nm{ gjpok e`

{mh`c mw uèòofjc |mw {n` ljfcl jb {n` {nu`` W{a`ymcfg$Nurm{fcfg jrù {j {n` Npclmufmc$Gujm{fmc hfcl

kjdfcm{fjc/ fc |nfgn gmw` {n` gmdymflc/ ompcgn`k fc jukù {j u`gjrù {n` {j|cw jb Pwjum/ wnjpok e`

ofch`k {j {n` cmd` jb Lulpu W{a`ymcfg/ |nj nòk {n` `w{m{`w fc Pwjum bujd mujpck =779# .Domk`c Mc$

gfg/ Yp{mcam hom{cm/ Plmuwhjnurm{whj humoa`rw{rj f Ejwcm p ^FR w{joa`gp/ Qmrjk qm yjrfa`wc` qcmcjw{f

Nurm{wh` mhmk`dfa` qcmcjw{f f pda`{cjw{f p Qmkup/ Efeofj{`hm/ Kaòm $ hcaflm 6/ Qmkmu ‗ Djw{mu/ =66</

y# =0>8 Cmkm Homfg eòf`r`w {nm{ {nfw |mw {n` uw{ gjcfg{ e`{|``c {n` euj{nùw [ru{hj mck Rphmg# .C#

Homfg/ Wu`kcajra`hjrcm Ejwcm/ yy# 5=<$555&<= Y# Mckòfg/ [uèj{fg$Yjkufca`/ y# 5;>#

<5 Aò`cm Dulfg/ Qpy` f cmwòam –q doa`‟Pwju / AFG/ cj# =$5/ E`jlumk/ 5999/ y# 7<# [n` mp{nju u`kpg`w

{nfw u`lfjc {j {n` umch jb m kfw{ufg{/ |nfgn |` gmccj{ mlu`` |f{n#



52

Rom{hj Rjarjkfg fw gjcw{mc{ov d`c{fjc`k |f{n {n` {f{o` jb {n` kph` fc {n` yjof{fgmo

ofb` jb Ejwcfm mck Pwjum yujemeov {j nfw k`m{n mujpck =;99# Jc` {nfcl {nm{ gmc e`

cj{fg`k fw {nm{ fc wjd` jb {n` gnmu{ùw n` |mw d`c{fjc`k mw {n` kph` jb Pwjum mck/ mck

fc j{nùw mw {n` kph` jb [uèj{fg# [nfw gmc e`w{ e` w``c bujd {n` bjooj|fcl jrùrf`|1<7

=7>9 Rom{hj [ru{hjrfg Kph` jb [u ej{fg

=769 \om{gnj kph` jb Pwjum

=765 Rom{hj [ru{hjrfg/ kph` jb [u ej{fg

=765 mck kph` Rom{hj jb Pwjum

=76; ymom{fcpw Rom{hj [ufej{fj

=766 |f{n kph` Rom{hj [ru{hjrfg

Ep{/ fdd`kfm{òv mb{ù {n` bmdfov Frmncfg$[ru{hjrfg kf`k jp{/ mujpck =;99/

{n` yjwf{fjc jb {n` kph` jb Pwjum |mw oo`k ev Rphdfu Qom{jcjwjrfg/ |nj nòk {nù`lfjc .gjc{um{m& bujd Qrjucfh {j Wuèu`cfgm mck jc {n` |`w{ c`mu Jojrj/ |nfo` kfw{ufg{

yu`b`g{ Kumlfwm Kfcafgfg/ {n` |f{c`ww „bujd Yjkufca`‖/ nmk `w{m{`w fc {n` wpuujpckfcl

jb Wuèu`cfgm/ fc Jwm{# [npw Yjkufca` w{foo u`dmfc`k ofch`k {j Pwjum/ |nfo` {n` cmd`[uèj{fg kfwmyy`mu`k bujd {n` wjpug`w/ e`gmpw` f{ jrùomyy`k |f{n {n` {ùd Yjkufca`#<;

[nù`bju`/ mw |f{c`ww`w fc {n` gnmu{ù km{`k > K`g`deù =;99/ |n`c Hfcl

W{a`ymc Jw{jam lmr` Nurja` Rphgfg Nurm{fcfg {n` {j|c jb Nofrcj/ {n` bjooj|fcl mu`

d`c{fjc`k1 Kph` Rphdfu w eum{fajd/ mck bujd Yjkufca` Kumlfwm Kfcafgfg# Fc {nfw gnmu{ù/

{n` fc{f{pom{fjc jb Hfcl W{a`ymc ckw |f{n „### Pwjum mck Wjo mck Yjkufca` mck mowj###‖#<0

[nfw dmuh`k {n` e`lfccfcl jb {n` yjof{fgmo ufw` jb {n` bmdfov Qom{jcjwjrfg/ |nfgn

|jpok lfr` efu{n {j kph`w jb Pwjum fc {n` cwpfcl yùfjk# Nj|`rù/ |` nmr` {j d`c{fjc

{nm{ mw `muov mw =722 Yjkufca` w{mu{`k myy`mufcl fc {n` fc{f{pom{fjcw jb {n` Ejwcfmc Emc

[ru{hj/ fdd`kfm{òv mb{ù {n` uèòofjc o`k ev nfw euj{nù Rphmg |mw gupwn`k#<2 F{ fw

yjwwfeo` {nm{ [ru{hj ~yu`ww`k nfw lum{f{pk` {j {n` w{m{`$j|cùw bujd Yjkufca` {n` wmd`

v`mu ev |mv jb gmoofcl nfdwòb „ dmw{ù jb Ejwcfm mck Wjof mck Pwjum mck {n` u`lfjc

jb Kjo mck Yjkufca` mck Npd / {npw/ bju {n` uw{ {fd` fc nfw ujvmo {f{o`/ d`c{fjcfclYjkufca`#<< [nfw fw mowj {n` e`w{ rfk`cg` {nm{ Yjkufca` mck [uèj{fg gjcw{f{p{` m |njo` ‗

„m u`lfjc‖/ e`gmpw` {n` yjof{fgmo ofb` jb Pwjum |jpok e` kjdfcm{`k ev {n` `w{m{`$j|cùw

bujd [uèj{fg bju mcj{nù {nu`` k`gmk`w# Nj|`rù/ f{ fw yu`gfwòv bju {n` u`mwjcw jb

lum{f{pk` bju nòyfcl [ru{hj fc gufwfw wf{pm{fjcw/ {nm{ Yjkufca` e`gmd` jc` jb {n` Ejwcfmc

mck Pwjumc omckw mck |jpok e` m gjcw{mc{ yu`w`cg` fc {n` upoù‖w {f{o` fc {n` `cwpfcl

yùfjk/ mck {nujplnjp{ {nfw yùfjk {n` `w{m{`$j|cùw bujd Yjkufca` nòk {n` nfln`w{

yjwf{fjcw fc `c{fu` Pwjum/ mw |òo mw Ejwcfm#<> [npw/ mb{ù {n` k`m{n jb Rom{hj [ru{hjrfg . Frmncfg&/ jc {n` yjof{fgmo wg`c` jb

Yjkufca`/ ep{ mowj Pwjum/ {n` kjdfcmc{ ujo` |mw mwwpd`k ev {n` Qom{jcjwjrfgw/ |nj

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bju {n` uw{ {fd` fc =;<0 mw jc` jb {n` {nu`` cmnfv`w fc {n` ]mkf jb Eur`cfh .Eur`cfh/ Upacm mck Jwm{&/mck Cmnfv` Jwm{ fc {n` Hjrmg`rfgw Omck fc {n` Ejwcfmc Wmcamh fw d`c{fjc`k mw muov mw =;26/ {n`c fc

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60 N# Wmemcjrfg/ Ejwmcwhf ymwmoph / yy#=70$=72#

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u`gjuk`k#=97

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5# Mk`d Nmckqfg/ J wfu`cap fwomdm p wa`rùjfw{jgcja Ejwcf p ^R f ^RF rfa`hp/ p W{pkfa` j

Ejwcf/ Fw{mcepo/ =66;8

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Wmuma`rj/ MCPEfN$WMCP/ =6>28

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LQD/ R/ =>67#82# Mo`hwmckmu Wjojra`r/ Jkmeumcf wyjd`cfgf wuywhjl yumrm .jk ^FF kj humam ^R r`hm&/

E`jlumk/ =6528

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># Mun`jojwhf o`hwfhjc Ejwc` f Nùg`ljrfc`/ {jd 5/ Wmuma`rj/ =6>>8

6# K`wmchm Hjrmg`rf ‗ Hjafg/ Lumkwhm cmwòam wu`kcajra`hjrc` ejwmcwh` kuqmr`/ R`wòfc

Dmwo`wm/ Wmuma`rj/ =6<>8

=9# K`wmchm Hjrmg`rfg ‗ Hjafg/ Wu`kcajra`hjrcm Wuèu`cfgm ^FR$^R rfa`h / WMCP/

E`jlumk/ 59=98

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=7# @kfc Dp{myfg/ Emc Hpofc ‗ yjrjkjd >59# ljkfcm Yjròa / Oapkwhm yumrm/ euja =$;/

ljkfcm 6/ Wmuma`rj/ 599>8

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=97 C# Bfofyjrfg/ jy# gf{ / yy# =6;$595#



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jrù {n` c{fu` julmcfqm{fjc jb {n` gnpugn ofb`/ |nfgn gjpok cj{ cgjdymww Ejwcfm mw mc mof`c yjof{fgmo

mu`m#‖ .R# Gjujrfg/ jy# gf{#/ y# =>0&

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Ejwcfmc Gnpugn#‖ .M# Nmckqfg/ jy# gf{#/ y# >=&

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Wuèu`cfgm mck {|j bujd Homkmca&/ mw |mw {n` gmw` |f{n {n` Kjqfg bmdfov# [n` jok`w{ hcj|c nmqKjqfg bujd Wuèu`cfgm |mw nmq Wmofn/ wjc jb Apwpb# Nmq Wmofn/ wjc jb Apwpb/ |mw cj{ u`lfw{ù`k fc{n` ejjh c{f{o`k Nmqf p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf/ mck c`f{nù |mw nbq# Dpw{mbm wjc jb Jdù# Nbq# Wmofn‖w

wjc Wàfk |mw mowj nmq# Nmq Wàfk `b# Kjqfg gjdyo`{`k nfw nfbq e`bju` dpkùfw nmaaf nbq# Mekpomn

Kjqfg/ wjc jb dpkùfw nmaaf Mof.am& `b# Kjqfg# Ej{n wjcw jb nmaaf Mof.am& `b`ckf |ù` mowj nmqw# Nmaafnmq Mekpomn `b`ckf/ wjc jb Mofam/ pc{fo {n` W`gjck \juok \mu |mw |juhfcl mw m dpkùfw fc {n`

dmkumwmn fc Wuèu`cfgm# \` kj cj{ hcj| e`bju` |njd n` gjdyo`{`k nfw nfbq# Fc wjd` wjpug`w/ ep{

mowj fc jumo {umkf{fjc n` fw jb{`c u`bùu`k {j jcov mw nmaaf nmq# [n` w`gjck wjc jb nmaaf Mofam/ Wmofn/ |mwmowj nmq# Nmq Wmofn/ wjc jb Mofam/ djr`k {j [puh`v mck kf`k {nù` fc {n` {j|c jb Epuwm# Nmaaf nbq#

Mekpomn‖w wjc D`cwpu |mw mowj nmq# Nfw nfbq/ nmq D`cwpu/ gjdyo`{`k e`bju` nfw bm{nù# N` ymww`k

m|mv rùv vjpcl/ cj{ ojcl mb{ù n` lj{ dmuuf`k/ mck wnju{ov e`bju` {n` W`gjck \juok \mu/ |òo/ e`bju`

=6;9# N` kfk cj{ nmr` gnfoku`c# Nmq Dpw{mbm Kjqfg .=><<‗=69=&/ wjc jb Jdù/ gjdyo`{`k nfw nfbq

mw m w{pk`c{ jb Lmqf Npwu`r$e`v‖w Dmkumwmn fc Wmuma`rj# Fc {n` ejjh `c{f{o`k Nmqf p Ejwcf f Nù $g`ljrfcf/ |uf{{`c ev nmq Bmkfo Bmqofg/ YnK {n` cmd` jb nbq# Dpw{mbm Kjqfg |mw cj{ d`c{fjc`k/ ep{{nfw yf`g` jb fcbjudm{fjc gmc e` bjpck fc {n` ejjh c{f{o`k ;09 ljkfcm Lmqf Npwu`r$e`ljr` d`ku`w` p

Wmuma`rp/ y# >9# mck m ejjh |uf{{`c ev Nfrqfam Wpoahfg Fwomdwhm emw{fcm p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf f ca`cjajhjofcf $ wmeumcf {`hw{jrf/ hcaflm 5/ EDL Ejwmcwhm d`kfawhm lupym/ [pqom/ 599</ y# 569# Ej{n nmqwKjqfgw bujd Homkmca nmk {n` uw{ cmd` Wmofn# [n` uw{ |mw nmq Wmofn/ wjc jb Jdù/ |njw` {jde

gmc e` bjpck fc {n` nmu`d jb {n` Hpuwpdofam Djw}p` fc Homkmca/ mck n` kf`k fc =><7# [n` w`gjck

nmq Kjqfg bujd Homkmca fw gmkf Wmofn/ wjc jb {n` fdmd Dpnmd`k/ ejuc fc =>>0# N` gjdyo`{`k nfw

nfbq fc =6=5 mw {n` w{pk`c{ jb {n` E`numd$e`v‖w Dmkumwmn fc [pqom e`bju` {n` dpkùfw nbq# Dpnmd`k

`b# Npwfg#F{ fw nmuk {j eòf`r` {nm{ e`wfk` {n`w` wf~ nmqw bujd {n` Kjqfg bmdfov bujd Wuèu`cfgm mck{n` {|j bujd Homkcam/ {nù` |ù` cj nmqw fc {n` l`cùm{fjcw e`bju` {n`d# Emw`k jc {n` `c{fu` bmdfov{umkf{fjc/ {nù` yujemeov |ù` nmqw/ ep{ f{ |mw cj{ u`gjuk`k ju yu`wùr`k fc {n` jumo {umkf{fjc# Wj bmu {|j jb {n` Kjqfgw nmr` u`g`fr`k {n` nfln`w{ wp {f{o`w .k`lu``w&/ {n` {f{o` jb {n` wn`fhn# [njw` |ù`1 nmkaaf Npw`fc/ wjc jb Mekpom{fb / lumckwjc jb {n` fdmd Npw`fc/ |nj ymww`k m|mv fc =69=# F{ fw pc$

hcj|c |nm{ {muf}m wn`fhn nmkaaf Npwàc eòjcl`k {j# Wn`fnh nmaaf Wàfk wjc jb Nmd`k/ lumckwjc jb nmq Wàfk/ lu`m{ lumckwjc jb nmq Wmofn/ lu`m{ lu`m{ lumckwjc jb Apwpb/ |nf{` e`` jb nmaaf Dpnmd`k/ejuc fc =62;/ fw {n` wn`fhn jb {n` Cm}wnemckf {muf}m# Ej{n wn`fhnw jb {n` Kjqfgw |ù` jb {n` wyfuf{pmo

juf`c{m{fjc jb W`dwf r` upnf#



09

{n` djcpd`c{w jb {n` Fwomdfg gpo{pu` fc Wuèu`cfgm/ mowj wnmu`w {n` jyfcfjc jb wjd`

y`jyo` |nj „{nfch {nm{ jc {n` wf{` jb {nfw djw}p` {nù` pw`k {j e` Wpo{mc Emv`qfk‖w

Djw}p`/ |nfgn epuc`k kj|c/ mck {n` amdmm{ d`deùw om{ù jc epfo{ {nfw wdmooù jc`#=0<

Efaòm Djw}p` fc Wuèu`cfgm |mw epfo{ fc {n` om{` =<{n g`c{puv jc {n` upeeo`w

jb {n` Umlpwmc W{# Cfgnjom‖w Gnpugn#=0> Fc nfw Yp{jyfw jb =229/ @rofvm Gòèf |uf{`w

{nm{ „ m{ {n` {fd` Wuèu`cfgm |mw m k`ròjy`k {j|c |nfgn nmk wf~ dmnmomw |f{n wf~

djw}p`w/ m {mhfvmn/ {nu`` dmh{mew/ jc` nmc XfccT mck jc` ypeofg em{n gjdyo`~/=06 mw

|òo mw w`r`c{v gumb{ wnjyw#‖=29 Efaòm Djw}p` |mw cj{ fcgopk`k mdjcl {n`w` djw}p`w#

Bumcgfwgmc gnpugn`w mck {n` djcmw{ùv mu` d`c{fjc`k fc moo J{{jdmc u`lfw{uf`w yufju {j

{n` Rf`ccm \mu .=2>7‗=<66&# [nfw d`mcw {nm{ {n` J{{jdmcw kfk cj{ {puc gnpugn`w fc{j

djw}p`w m{ {n` e`lfccfcl jb {n`fu upo`# Wj f{ fw ojlfgmo {j |jckù |nv {nfw |mw kjc` fc

{n` w`gjck nmob jb {n` =<{n g`c{puv mck |nm{ nmyy`c`k {j Gm{njofgw fc {nfw {j|c: Fc jukù

{j mcw|ù {nfw }p`w{fjc/ f{ fw fdyju{mc{ {j yjfc{ jp{ wjd` emwfg o`d`c{w jb wjgfmo r`c{w

fc Wuèu`cfgm kpufcl {n` Rf`ccm \mu# „Fc jukù {j gjc}pù Eòlumk`/ {n` Mpw{ufmc mudv

bju w{um{`lfg u`mwjcw fc =2>2/ ypwn`k {n` J{{jdmcw bujd {n` rmoo`v jb {n` Pyyù Kufcm/

`r`c bujd Wuèu`cfgm f{wòb# F{ |mw jcov fc =2>2/ mck jcov mb{ù nmuk mck ùg` m{{mghw/{nm{ {n` mudv jb Mpw{ufm dmcml`k {j gjc}pù |òo$bju{f`k Eòlumk`#‖ Fc moo kfu`g{fjcw|nù` {n` Mpw{ufmc mudv ymww`k/ `rùv{nfcl |mw „fc {n` wflc jb pcw``c wompln{ùfcl

mck yfoomlfcl jb {n` {j|c fcnmef{mc{w#‖ . @cgfhojy`kfam BCUA / Qmluè/ ;0;*K&# Nmrfcl fc

dfck/ yujemeov / {n` |mu nmyy`cfclw d`c{fjc`k mejr` mowj fc Wuèu`cfgm/ A# Hpapckqfg/

rmlpòv wmvw1 „Epfokfclw mck y`jyo` |ù` ejo{`k kj|c ev {n` pcbju{pcm{` `r`c{w fc

=2>2‖ .Kjeuf ymw{fu/ y# 5;9&# Fc {nfw |mu |nfuo|fck/ |` hcj| bju wpu`/ moo {n` djw}p`w

{nm{ @rofvm Gòèf d`c{fjc`k |ù` k`w{ujv`k# \n`c/ mb{ù {n` d`c{fjc`k eojjkv

gmdymflc/ {n` Mpw{ufmc mudv bjug`w |ù` u`{u`m{fcl bujd Wuèu`cfgm/ m{ {nm{ {fd` wgmug`

Gm{njofgw mck `r`c bufmuw jb {n` Bumcgfwgmc jukù o`b{ {nfw mcgf`c{ {j|c#=2= [n`w` km{m

pc`}pfrjgmoov wpll`w{ {nm{ {n` Efaòm djw}p` |mw epfo{ jc {n` upeeo`w jb {n` Umlpwmc

W{# Cfgnjom‖w Gnpugn mb{ù =2>2 mck mb{ù {n` Bumcgfwgmcw nmk o`b{ Wuèu`cfgm |f{n {n`

Mpw{ufmc mudv# [nù` |mw cj jc` o`b{ {j u`gjcw{upg{ {n` gnpugn cju {nù` |mw m c``k {j

kj wj/ wfcg` {nù` |ù` cj dju` Gm{njofgw o`b{ fc Wuèu`cfgm/ mck {n` Dpwofd yjypom{fjc

lu`| kp` {j {n` fcp~ jb u`bpl``w bujd {n` {ùuf{juv {nm{ {n` Mpw{ufm nmk e``c {mhfcl jrù bujd {n` J{{jdmcw# [n` Mudv mck {n` Yjofg` jb {n` U`ypeofgm Wuywhm o`rò`k {n` Efaòm

=0< N# Wpoahfg/ jy#gf{#/ y# =>>#=0> „F{ fw }pf{` yjwwfeo` {nm{ {n` Umlpwmc Gnpugn jb W{# Cfgnjom‖w wpurfr`k {j {nfw kmv fc {n` |moow jb {n`

yu`w`c{$kmv Efaòm Djw}p` fc Wùeu`cfgm#‖ .A# Hpapckqfg/ jy#gf{#/ >2& [nfw yf`g` jb fcbjudm{fjc fckf$

gm{`w {nm{ {n` Bumcgfwgmc Gnpugn jb W{# Dmuv |mw ojgm{`k jc {n` wf{` jb Hofwm c`~{ {j {n` djcmw{ùv#

=06 „Jc {n` {jy jb {n` dmnmom/ gmoo`k Gur`cm Ufa`hm/ {nù` |mw m nmdmd .ypeofg em{n/ jy# M# K#& mck yomg`

{nm{ f{ |mw ojgm{`k fw gmoo`k Nmdmdoph # F{w |moo gjpok e` w``c w{mckfcl e`bju` {n` jggpym{fjc .Mpw{uj$

Npclmufmc/ =><>/ jy# M# K#&# Kpufcl {n` gjcw{upg{fjc jb m epfokfcl jc {nfw wf{`/ m}p`kpg{w mck yom{`w

|ù` bjpck# [n` mu`m jb {nfw omck fw py {j 29 d5# [n` |m{ù bju {n` nmdmd |mw {mh`c bujd {n` eujjh

jb Ljumcjrmg#‖ .Nmdkfam Hu`w`roamhjrfg/ Emca` p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf/ p Fqmeumcm kaòm/ hcaflm FFF/

R# Dmwo`wm/ Wmuma`rj/ =66=/ y# <<&

=29 @# Gòèf/ jy# gf{/ y# 66#

=2= Nmhfam Kjqfg/ .C`&fw{fc` j wuèu`cfghfd kqmdfamdm/ Jwojejk`ca`/ Wmuma`rj/ 6# ^F 5995/ Yufojl1 Yj$lo`kf/ y# <# [n` k`ymu{pu` jb {n` Gm{njofg yjypom{fjc mojcl |f{n {n`fu yuf`w{w bujd Wuèu`cfgm fc =2>2

fw cj{ mc fwjom{`k jggpuu`cg` fc Ejwcfm# [n` wmd` nmyy`c`k mb{ù {n` fcrmwfjc jb @pl`c jb Wmrjv fc

Wmuma`rj fc =26< |n`c modjw{ {n` `c{fu` Wmuma`rj m{ {nm{ {fd` |mw epuc`k#



0=

Djw}p` fc =660# F{ |mw u`gjcw{upg{`k ev {n` kjcm{fjc jb {n` Dmomvwfmc ljrùcd`c{ mck

jbgfmoov u`$jy`c`k jc 5> W`y{`deù 5995#[n` Djw}p` fc Y`{ufgf/=25 .{nm{ fw Y`{ufg$dmnmom/ mw {n` ojgmo gjddpcf{v |mw

gmoo`k m{ {n` {fd` jb f{w `w{meofwnd`c{=27& C`f{nù {n` `~mg{ km{` jb {n` gjcw{upg{fjc cju

{n` cmd` jb {n` |mhfb jb {n` djw}p` mu` hcj|c# „[n` emw` jb {n` djw}p` fw m u`g{mclo`

|f{n wfk`w d`mwpufcl =9~</0 d .jc {n` jp{wfk`&# F{ |mw epfo{ jb gnjyy`k w{jc` moo {n`

|mv {j {n` ujjb gjcw{upg{fjc/ wf~ d`{ùw nfln mck 6> gd {nfgh/ gjrù`k ev m nfyy`k ujjb

gjcw{upg{fjc/ cj| gjrù`k ev {fo`w#‖=2; [n` omw{ u`gjcw{upg{fjc jb {nfw djw}p` e`bju` f{

|mw k`djofwn`k fc =660/ |mw kjc` fc =6>7# [n` u`gjcw{upg{fjc jb {nfw djw}p` nmw cj{

w{mu{`k v`{#

Dpwmom/=20 `~fw{`k fc Wuèu`cfgf pc{fo =607# Mggjufcl {j u`gjpc{w/ yumvùw |ù`

yùbjud`k {nù` pc{fo =670# [n` dpwmoom fc Wuèu`cfgm d`mwpu`w 59~=0 d`{ùw8 f{ nmk

m dfnume fc {n` |moo mck {n` dfcemu dmk` opdeù/ |nfgn |mw }pf{` umu` |n`c f{ gjd`w

{j dpwmoomw# [n` dpwmoom |mw gjrù`k mck `cgojw`k ev ejmukw# F{ |mw ojgm{`k m{ {n` wf{`

jb {n` yu`w`c{$kmv hfckùlmu{`c# [n` omw{ fdmd jb {n` Dpwmom |mw nmaaf Mefk `b# Kjqfg/

wjc jb gmkf nmaaf Dpw{mbm#

Fc Wuèu`cfgm {nù` |mw m D`ku`wm XdmkumwmnT |nfgn jyùm{`k# Bujd

„Ejwcm‖=22 |` o`muc {nm{ fc =>22 fc Wuèu`cfgm m dmkumwmn |mw epfo{ m{ {n` wf{` jb {n` jok

mck kfomyfkm{`k dmh{me# [n` dmkumwmn w{jyy`k jyùm{fcl fc =679# \` o`muc {nfw bujd

{n` U`yju{ jc {n` |juh jb {n` Po`dm$d`kqofw fc Wmuma`rj jb =675# [nfw epfokfcl jb

{n` dmkumwmn fc Wuèu`cfgm |mw ojgm{`k jc {n` o`b{ wfk` jb {n` `c{umcg` jb {n` Gmuwfawhm

Djw}p`# [nfw fw {n` ojgm{fjc jb {n` yu`w`c{$kmv epfokfcl jb {n` Fwomdfg G`c{ù# [n` omw{

dpkùufw=2< jb {n` Wuèu`cfgm dmkumwmn |mw Nmhf.am& `b# Kjqfg# Fc mkkf{fjc {j Nmhf$

`b`ckf/ j{nù dpkùufw`w fc {n` Wuèu`cfgm dmkumwmn fcgopk`1 nmaaf Mof.am& b# Kjqfg mck

nmaaf nmq Mekpomn `b# Kjqfg#E`lfgm Djw}p` fc {n` w`{{o`d`c{ jb Rfkfhjrmg |mw epfo{ fc =6>6/ mck f{w |mhfb

|mw Mq`d E`lfg/ m cm{fr` jb {n` rfooml` jb Ophm# [n` djw}p` |mw k`djofwn`k fc =660#

F{w u`gjcw{upg{fjc fw pckù|mv/ mck f{ fw e`fcl u`gjcw{upg{`k ev {n` wjcw jb Mq`d E`lfg#

F{ fw fdyju{mc{ {j yjfc{ jp{ {nm{ e`bju` {n` |mu mlmfcw{ {n` Ejwcfmc$Nùq`ljrfcfmc

wjgf`{v mck w{m{` .=665‗=660& fc {n` mu`m jb {n` dpcfgfymof{v jb Wuèu`cfgm {nù` |ù`

55 djw}p`w .jb {n`w` 0 fc {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm&/ {nu`` dmwafkw/ jc` Fwomdfg G`c{ù

mck jc` dmh{me# Moo {n`w` epfokfclw jb Fwomdfg wyfuf{pmof{v mck gpo{pu` |ù` o`rò`k

kpufcl {n` omw{ |mu# Pcbju{pcm{òv/ {j {n` omw{ kòfeùm{òv/ mck cj{ mw m u`wpo{ jb {n` |mu

=25 Nfrqfam Wpohfg u`bùw {j {nfw djw}p` mw Y`{ufgm Djw}p` mb{ù {n` Y`{ufgm dmnmom/ mo{njpln mdjcl {n`

Dpwofd ypeofg jb Wuèu`cgfm f{ fw rùv umuòv u`bùu`k {j ev {nfw cmd`# [n` cmd` jb {nfw djw}p` {nm{

fw yu`kjdfcmc{ fw Djw}p` fc Y`{ufgm/ mck cj{ Y`{ufgm Djw}p`#

=27 [nù` mu` cj u ofmeo` km{m {nm{ {nfw dmnmom/ m{ {n` {fd` f{ |mw bjpck`k/ nmk f{w yu`w`c{$kmv cmd`# [n u`

fw wjd` gfugpdw{mc{fmo rfk`cg` {nm{ f{ gjpok nmr` e``c gmoo`k Dfwfuofa` ju/ dmve` Qom{frjk #

=2; N# Wpoahfg/ jy#gf{#/ y# ;;#

=20 [nfw fw mg{pmoov mc jy`c mfu djw}p`# Gjddjc yumvùw wpgn mw apddm mck fk yumvùw |ù` yùbjud`k

jc {n` dpwmoom# M dfnume bju {n` fdmd mck m dfcemu bju {n` np{em |ù` rùv umuòv epfo{ jc {n` dpw$

moom#

=22 [n` jbgfmo ymyùw jb {n` Ejwcfmc Rfomv`{ |f{n m ymumooò efofclpmo {`~{ fc {n` J{{jdmc mck {n` Ejw $cfmc omclpml`# [n` ymyùw nmk e``c ypeofwn`k bju {nfu{``c v`muw jc `ck# [n` uw{ fwwp` jb „Ejwc`‖ |mwypeofwn`k jc =2# .5>#& Dmv =>22#

=2< Dpkùfw fw m {`mgnfcl yjwf{fjc fc {n` umch jb nflnwgnjjo#



05

jyùm{fjcw#=2> [j {nfw kmv `fln{ djw}p`w |ù` u`gjcw{upg{`k =26 mck {n` Fwomdfg G`c{ù/

bjpu djw}p`w mu` e`fcl u`gjcw{upg{`k =<9/ |nfo` moo j{nùw mu` |mf{fcl {j e` u`gjcw{upg{`k#

GjcgopwfjcMdjcl cpdùjpw wpe$fk`c{f{v b`m{pu`w jb Wuèu`cfgm/ {mh`c mw wjgfmo$nfw{jufgmo

wpew{mc{fmof{v/ {n` {j|c djw}p`w mu` djw{ k`cf{òv jc` jb {n` djw{ fdyju{mc{# [nfw fwfckfgm{`k ev dmcv nfw{jufgmo wjpug`w# [n` jok`w{ djw}p` fc Wuèu`cfgm gjcw{upg{`k fc

=;25 fw {n` [rukmrwhm Djw}p`/ epfo{ fc {n` Wuèu`cfgm bju{u`ww mejr` {n` {j|c# [nfw fw

fckfgm{`k ev {n` `~fw{`cg` jb {n` |m}b jb {n` [rukmrwhm Djw}p`/ ep{ mowj {n` cmd`w jb

{n` fdmd mck hnm{fe/ D`romc Mekfam/ mck dp`qqfc/ Ròfam# [n` uw{ {j|c djw}p` |mwgjcw{upg{`k fc {n` yùfjk =;>=$=0=5# [n` ojgm{fjc jb {n` uw{ {j|c djw}p` |mw cj{

djw{ mggpum{òv k`{ùdfc`k/ ep{ emw`k jc {n` mrmfomeo` km{m/ f{ gjpok nmr` e``c `f{nù jc{n` wf{` jb {n` yu`w`c{$kmv Kjqfg‖w Djw}p` fc Gur`cm Ufa`hm ju {n` wf{` jb {n` yu`w`c{$

kmv Gmuwfawhm Djw}p`# Efaòm Djw}p` |mw gjcw{upg{`k jc {n` upeeo`w jb {n` Umlpwmc

W{# Cfgnjom‖w Gnpugn/ mb{ù f{ |mw k`djofwn`k fc =2>2/ {nm{ fw kpufcl {n` Rf`ccm \mu

mck {n` k`ymu{pu` jb {n` Bumcgfwgmcw mck {n` Gm{njofg yjypom{fjc bujd Wuèu cfgm# F{ fw

pchcj|c |n`c {n` djw}p` fc Y`{ufgm |mw gjcw{upg{`k ju |nj f{w |mhfb |mw# Mw moo j{nù

Wuèu`cfgm djw}p`w/ f{ |mw k`djofwn`k fc =660 mck {j {nfw kmv f{w u`gjcw{upg{fjc |mw cj{

e`lpc# [n` {j|c djw}p`w jb Wuèu`cfgm mw uòflfjpw/ gpo{pumo mck kpgm{fjcmo bmgfof{f`w/

mojcl |f{n j{nù Wuèu`cfgm wjgfmo$nfw{jufgmo mck gpo{pumo$gfrfofqm{fjcmo bmgfof{f`w/ bju

009 v`muw nmr` gjc{fcpjpwov {mh`c ymu{ mck mu` {mhfcl ymu{ fc {n` epfokfcl jb dpo{fom{ùmo

fk`c{f{v jb {n` wjgfmo$nfw{jufgmo u`mof{v jb {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm mck f{w wpuujpckfclw#

=2> [n` yn`cjd`cjc jb {n` kòfeùm{` k`w{upg{fjc jb {n` Fwomdfg uòflfjpw epfokfclw1 djw}p`w/ dmwafkw/

{mhfvmnw/ {pue`{w/ g`d`{ùf`w mck j{nùw/ nmw cj{ e``c wgf`c{fgmoov u`w`mugn`k `cjpln# [nfw yn`cjd$`cjc jb gjoo`g{fr` wjgfmo k`w{upg{fjc fw fc c``k jb m wy`gfmo mck wgf`c{fgmoov uò`rmc{ w{pkv# [nfw {fd`/fc mkkf{fjc {j n`l`djcfg fk`jojlf`w mck yujlumdw mw jc` jb {n` u`mwjcw bju {n` k`w{upg{fjc jb Fwomdfg

uòflfjpw mck gpo{pumo epfokfclw/ |` |mc{ {j yjfc{ v`{ mcj{nù yjwwfeo` u`mwjc/ mck f{ gmc e` bjpck fc

{n` w{ù`j{vyfgmo cm{fjcmo$of{ùmuv |juhw wpgn mw/ `#l# / Ljuwhf rfa`cmg# Wjd` jb {n` rùw`w fc Ljuwhf

rfa`cmg pcmdeflpjpwov gmoo bju {n` k`w{upg{fjc jb Fwomdfg uòflfjpw epfokfclw# Nù` mu` {n` rùw`w1

„Ep{ eu`mh {n` dfcmu`{ mck {n` djw}p`/ mck Wùefmc vpo`$ojlw ojmk‖ .y# 25&/ „Nf{ {n` k`rfo/ kj cj{ `r`c

o`mr` f{w {umg`/ nf{ {n` {puc`k [puhw/ kj cj{ `r`c o`mr` {n`fu jbbwyufclw‖ .y# =25&# .Y# Y# Ca`ljw/ Ljuwhf

rfa`cmg/ Cjof{/ E`jlumk/ =6<;&

=26 U`gjcw{upg{`k djw}p`w1 Efaòm Djw}p` fc Wuèu`cfgm/ Gmuwfawhm Djw}p` fc Wuèu`cfgm/ {n` djw}p`

fc Jwm{/ {n` djw}p` fc Ljucaf Yj{jgmuf/ {n` djw}p` fc Kjeumh/ |ù` u`gjcw{upg{`k ev {n` yujdfc`c{

epwfc`ww dmc bujd Wuèu`cfgm @crù Dmomlfg/ djw}p` fc Jwdmg`/ djw}p` fc Womyjrfgf/ |m}b jb W`$ofd Mo`df bujd {n` rfooml` jb Hp{pqù/ djw}p` fc Ophm/ djw}p` fc Wpg`whm#

=<9 [n` Kjqfg‖w Djw}p` fc Gur`cm Ufa`hm dmnmom fc Wuèu`cfgm/ djw}p` fc [jhjoamgf/ djw}p` fc Um$

kjrgfgf/ {n` E`lfg‖w Djw}p` fc Rfkfhjrmg#



07

U`bù`cg`w

=# E`cfg Ejcj/ Oa`{jyfw wp{a`whjl wmdjw{mcm/ Wvfcjywfw/ Wmuma`rj/ Qmluè/ 5997# y#==9#

Ejwcamh qm =>>7 f =>>;# fof W`dm{fqmd wrfa`n jeomw{f p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf/ Q`dmoawhm

w{mdymufam/ Wmuma`rj#

5# Ejwcamh qm =>>7 f =>>;# fof W`dm{fqmd wrfa`n jeomw{f p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf/ Q`dmoawhm

w{mdymufam/ Wmuma`rj#

7# Ejwcamh qm =>>2# f =>></ =>>># f =>>6 fof W`dm{fqmd wrfa`n jeomw{f p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf/

Q`dmoawhm w{mdymufam/ Wmuma`rj#

;# Grfafg Ajrmc/ Emohmcwhj yjopjw{urj f Apljwojr`cwh` q`doa / hcaflm F/ Qmluè/ =655#

0# GjujrfČ Romkfdfu/ Nfw{jufam Ejwc / u`yufc{ fqkmca`/ Lomw wuywhf/ Emcam Ophm/ =666#

2# Kfcfg A# D#/ Qm fw{jufap upkmuw{rm p Wuefaf f Ejwcf/ F kfj/ WMCP/ =670#

<# Kfcfg A# D#/ Kpeujrmghm wu`kcajra`hjrcm hmumrmcwhm {uljrfcm/ AFG/ E`jlumk/ =67<#

># Kfqkmu @dfc Dpnmd`k/ Kqmdfam hmj yurj f cmaw{mufa` pgfofw{`/ Lomwcfh/ RFW p WBUA/

euja 0/ ljkfcm ^^^F^#

6# Ka`kjrfg Upwdfu/ Rmhp p lumkp Wuèu`cfgf jk =0# kj 59# w{joa`gm/ Emw{fcm wa`rùjfw{jgc`

Ejwc`/ eu# 7/ Qmrjk qm qmw{f{p f hjufw{`ca` hpo{pucj$nfw{jufawhjl f yufujkcjl cmwofa`km

[pqomcwhjl hmc{jcm/ [pqom 59=5#

=9# Gòèf @rofam/ Yp{jyfw $ yufa`rjk/ prjk f hjd`c{mu1 Nmqfd Wmemcjrfg/ Wmuma`rj/ =62<#

==# Kjqfg Mkfe/ Ejwcamghm cmgfam/ EHG/ Wmuma`rj/ 5997#

=5# Kjqfg Mkfe/ Kupw{r`cj$nfw{jufawhm wf{pfumcjw{ Ejwcamhm p Wuèu cfgf/ Yjlo`kf/ EQH/

[pqom/ eu# >/ apof 599=#

=7# Kjqfg Nmhfam/ Dpkùfq Nmhf.am&$`b# Kjqfg/ .dmcpwhufy{&/ romw{f{j fqkmca`/ Wmuma`rj/ 599=#

=;# Bmqofg Bmkfo/ Nmqf p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf p yjwoa`kcafn =09 ljkfcm/ @o$Hmo`d/ Wmuma`rj/

5992#

=0# Lupym mp{jum/ ;09 ljkfcm lmqf Npwu`r$e`ljr` d`ku`w` p Wmuma`rp/ Lmqf Npwu`r$e`ljrm

dmku`wm/ Wmuma`rj/ =6>>#

=2# Nmkqfe`ljrfg Nmdfk/ Jywmkm Cfhwfgm =><<# l# yu`dm fqra`w{map Cfhwfghjl cmfem/

Fw{jufawhf qmyfwf FR/ =‗7/ =6;6#

=<# Nmckqfg Mk`d/ [pqom f ca`qfcm jhjofcm p ^RF rfa`hp/ Wra`{ojw{/ Wmuma`rj/ =6<0#

=># Nmwmck`kfg Nfrqfam/ Dpwofdmcwhm emw{fcm p Fw{jgcja Nùg`ljrfcf/ @o$Hmo`d/ Wmuma`rj/

=669#

=6# Fdmdjrfg @crù/ Yjufa`hoj f yufymkcjw{ w{mcjrcfw{rm Ejwc` f Nùg`ljrfc`/ MU[‗</

Wmuma`rj/ =66>#

59# Fdmdjrfg @crù / Hjufa`cf Ejwc` f Ejwmcw{rm/ D`kpcmujkcf g`c{mu qm dfu/ Wmuma`rj/

=660#

5=# Homfg Ra`hjwomr/ Yjrfa`w{ Ejwc`/ bj{j{fy fqkmcam fq =>>5# ljkfc`/ Wra`{ojw{/ Wmuma`rj/

=669#

55# Homfg Cmkm/ Wu`kcajra`hjrcm Ejwcm/ @DFC@^/ Qmluè/ =66;#

57# Hjrmg`rfČ K`wmchm/ [uljrfcm p wu`kcajra`hjrcja Ejwcf/ Cmpgcj kupw{rj CU Ejwc` f

Nùg`ljrfc`/ Wmuma`rj/ =62=#

5;# Hpapckqfg Apuma/ Wu`kcajra`hjrc` guhr` p Wuèu`cfgf/ Kjeuf ymw{fu/ ljk# ^RFF‗^RFFF/

Wmuma`rj/ =62>#

50# Dmckfg Kjdfcfgpw/ Mg{m bumcgfw{mcm/ {jd F/ Djw{mu/ =67;#

52# Ca`ljw Y# Y#/ Ljuwhf rfa`cmg/ Cjof{/ E`jlumk/ =6<;#

5<# Whmufg Romkfwomr/ Fqmeumcm kaòm/ hcaflm F f FF/ R# Dmwo`wm/ Wmuma`rj/ =6>0#

5># Wdmfomlfg Cùh`q/ O`hwfhjc fwomdm/ Wra`{ojw{/ Wmuma`rj/ =669#



0;

56# Wpoahfg Nfrqfam/ Wyjd`cfgf fwomdwh` hpo{pu` p Wuèu`cfgf/ Fwomdwhm dfwmj/ eu# =57/ dmu{

=6>6#

79# Wyjd`cfgm Wùfam{whj wpkmgh` whjo` p Wmuma`rp .=>><$=67<&/ Fwomdwhm kfjcfgmuwhm

w{mdymufam/ Wmuma`rj/ =67<#

7=# Wmemcjrfg Nmqfd/ Ejwmcwhf Ymwmoph/ Wmuma`rj/ =606#

75# Wphufg Cfamq/ D`wkqfk f kqmdfam/ Lomwcfh/ RFW p WBUA/ euja 0/ ljkfcm ^^^F^#77# [ufk w`{jljkfwcaf Fqra w{ma wùfam{wh` wpkmgh` whjo` p Wmuma`rp jk jwcp{hm kj humam

whjowh` =6=2#*=6=<#/ Q`dmoawhm w{mdymufam/ Wmuma`rj/ =6=<#

7;# [upnòhm Gfuj/ Nfw{jufghm yjkojlm mlumucjl yf{mcam p Ejwcf/ Q`dmoawhm w{mdymufam/

Wmuma`rj/ =6=0#

70# Rmwfg Dfomc/ @{cfgh` yujda`c` p Ejwmcwhja humafcf p ^RF rfa`hp/ LKF Ejwc` f

Nùg`ljrfc`/ Wmuma`rj/ =625#

72# R lj Dmuhj/ Cmwòam wu kcajra`hjrc` ejwmcwh` kuqmr`/ Wra`{ojw{/ Wmuma`rj/ =6<0#

7<# Rphmcjrfg [m{jdfu/ Wuèu`cfgm p wu`kca`d r`hp/ Lomwcfh Kuqmrcjl dpqàm p Wmuma`rp/

cjrm wùfam/ =6;2#

7># Qjumcfg Nmhfam/ J `{cjl`c`qf Ejwcamcm ‗ Ejwcamhm/ Wra`{ojw{/ Wmuma`rj/ 5996#



00

[n` Myy`mumcg` jb {n` Wu`eu`cfgm [j|c Djw}p`w E`bju` {n` \mu

Efa`om djw}p`



02

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Gur`cm Ufa`hm .Kjqfgm& djw}p`



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0>

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06

w`gjck omul`w{ dfc` fc {n` Emohmc y`cfcwpom/=<0 mb{ù Cjrj Eukj8

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29

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kj|c#=<>

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cmoov e`gmd` bmrjpumeo` mck Wuèu`cfgm woj|ov w{mu{`k u`gjrùfcl#

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moo pw`k mw bmudomckw ev {n` gf{fq`cw jb {n` {j|c#=>9

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m djcmw{ùv |f{n m gnpugn/ m nmddmd Xypeofg em{nT•

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5990/ yy# =62$=6<#

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2=

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jb wforù yujkpg{fjc fc e`{|``c 29#999 mck 27#;06 .fc {n` mdjpc{ jb 59#999 kfunmdw jb

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=>0 C`kfd Bfofyjrfg/ Fwomdfqmgfam p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf/ G`c{mu qm hpo{pup f jeumqjrmca` [`wmca/ [`wmca/

5990/ yy# =6>$595#



25

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umw eòjclfcl {j {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm fc =29; {nù` |ù` {|`c{v$`fln{ Dpwofd mck

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gjukfcl {j bm{nù Bumcaj Rfwjgmcfc&# Fc {n` `muov =<{n g`c{puv fc Wuèu`cfgm {nù` |ù`

7<6 Gm{njofgw#

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u`w`mugnùw kfk cj{ ck jp{ |nù` moo {n` wf~ dmnmomw mojcl |f{n wf~ djw}p`w |ùòjgm{`k fc Wuèu`cfgm m{ {nm{ {fd`#

[n`v mu` yujemeov yu`w`c{ kmv dmnmomw1 Gmuwfam/ Gur`cm Ufa`hm mck Y`{ufg mojcl

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fw gjdyo`{òv pchcj|c#

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dm{ùfmow mck nfln# [n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm fc {n` w`gjck nmob jb {n` =<

{n

g`c{puv nmk m yjypom{fjc jb mejp{ bjpu {j r` {njpwmck jb fcnmef{mc{w#M Gm{njofg gnpugn jb {n` Bumcgfwgmc djcmw{ùv fc Wuèu`cfgm |mw d`c{fjc`k

{nujplnjp{ {n` =<{n g`c{puv `#l# fc =2;9/ =2<0 ju =2<6# Fc =2<6 f{ fw k`wgufe`k mw m

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puemc k`ròjyd`c{ jb {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm#

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27

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=2>6 {n`v |ù` mowj m{{mghfcl {n` bju{u`ww fc Wuèu`cfgm ep{ {j cj mrmfo#=>>

Gm{njofg yjypom{fjc |mw c`muov `~{fcg{ mck m{ {n` wf{` jb {n` Gm{njofg gnpugn

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ju wj Gm{njofg njpw`w# Dpwofd yjypom{fjc mowj wpbbù`k ojww`w#

F{ |mw {n` {fd` |n`c yomlp`w/ kumpln{w mck bmdfc` |ù` umlfcl {nujplnjp{ {n`

`c{fu` Ejwcfm/ c`flnejpufcl mu`mw/ mw |òo mw Wuèu`cfgm# Fc Wuèu`cfgm {nù` fw m g`d$

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[j|mukw {n` `ck jb {n` J{{jdmc yùfjk {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm nmk wjd` 529

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J{{jdmc yùfjk

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c`ww g`c{ù jb {n` {j|c ‗ emqmmu mck u`wfk`c{fmo ymu{w $ dmnmomw |ù` bjud`k#

=>> Mofam Eà{fg/ Hc`qfcm f hc`qfcwhm cmnfam p nfw{jufaf f ofhjrcjd w{rmumomw{rp/ Yufojqf qm jufa`c{mocp

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a`rj/ =669/ yy# ==5$==7#

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2;

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Jdù/ bujd {n` wmd` dmnmom# =65

[n` mcmovwfw jb {n` puemc w{upg{pu` jb {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm {j|mukw {n` ck jb

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fcl emgh bujd =>6; mck {n` omw{ J{{jdmc omck u`lfw{ùw#

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Fc {n` Mpw{uj$Npclmufmc gmkmw{umo yomc jb {n` {j|c g`c{ù jb Wuèu`cfgm jc {n`=17#=50 wgmo` gmkmw{umo wn``{/ km{fcl emgh bujd {n` yùfjk =>>7$=>>0/ {nù` fw mowj m bjo$

oj|fcl ofw{ jb dmnmomw1 F Gflmcwhm Dmnmom/ FF Wuywhm Dmnmom/ FFF Wh`ckù Dmnmom/ FR

Gur`cm Uf`hm Dmnmom/ R Y`{ufg Dmnmom# =6;

Bujd {n` =>60 Mpw{uj$Npclmufmc g`cwpw fc Ejwcfm mck Nùq`ljrfcm |` gmc w``

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Gflmcwhf/ Y`{ufg/ Wh`ckù/ Rmujw# =60

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{|j w{ujclnjokw/ mw puemc mck mugnf{`g{pumo `cwmdeo`w# Nfln jc {n` nfoo jc {n` wjp{n$

`mw{ùc wfk` jb {n` {j|c m{ mejp{ 029 d`{ùw mejr` w`m o`rò/ {nù` mu` upfcw jb {n` jok

d`kfm`rmo gf{mkò jb Wuèu`cfh#

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|mw epfo{ ev {n` J{{jdmcw kpufcl {n` =>{n g`c{puv# Fcwfk` {n` w{ujclnjok {nù` |ù` w`r$

ùmo epfokfclw {nm{ |ù` pw`k m{ {n` {fd`#

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=65 [pbmc Lpckpq/ [pqomcwhf/ Efaòafcwhf f Wuèu`cfghf wfkqfo .=2;=$=>>7&/ Munfr [pqomcwhjl hmc{jcm/

[pqom/ 599>/ yy# =6$5<#

=67 [nfw u`yju{ |mw wpedf{{`k {j D`nd`k$e`v Hmy`{mcjrfg Oapepwmh/ |nj/ =79 v`muw mlj/ |mw gjoo`g{$

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=60 Nmpy{u wpo{m{` kù rjohwqmnopcl fc Ejwcf`c pck kù Nùg`ljrfcm rjd 55# myufo =>60/ Omck`wu`lfù$

pcl bpu Ejwcf`c pck kù Nùg`ljrfcm/ Wmuma`rj/ =>62/ y 70;#



20

Fc {n` Dfkko` Ml`w {nù` |mw mowj [uljrfw{` |f{n m w}pmu` |nfgn |mw/ {nujpln

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Wh`ckù DmnmomWh`ckù Dmnmom ju Nmaaf Wh`ckù/ fw ojgm{`k fc {n` wjp{n$`mw{ùc ymu{ jb {n` em$

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d`kfm`rmo [uljrmghm Pofgm mck {n` bmdjpw Umlpwmc gjojcv# Bujd {n` `muov v`muw jb {n`

J{{jdmc upo` pc{fo {n` om{` =<{n g`c{puv mck {n` lu`m{ k`rmw{m{fjc jb Wuèu`cfgm/ {nù`

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{j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm mck f{ nmk wjd` 20 njpw`w mck w`rùmo j{nù epfokfclw# [nù` |mw

mowj m djw}p` .Nmaaf Wh`ckù ju Efaòm X\nf{`T Djw}p`& |f{n mc mkajfcfcl g`d`{ùv#

Gur`cm Ufa`hm DmnmomGur`cm Ufa`hm Dmnmom .wjd`{fd`w mowj gmoo`k Lpeù& fw jc` jb {n` jok`w{ ymu{w

jb Wuèu`cfgm# C`~{ {j f{ {nù` mu` jok dfc`w# Wjd` eòf`r` {nm{ fc mkkf{fjc {j m ypeofg

em{n km{fcl emgh bujd {n` =2{n g`c{puv/ {nù` |mw mowj {n` jok`w{ djw}p` fc Wuèu`cfgm

.km{fcl emgh bujd `muov =0{n mck om{` =2{n g`c{puf`w&#

[j|mukw {n` `ck jb J{{jdmc upo` {nfw dmnmom nmk wjd` 50 u`wfk`c{fmo njpw`w/ m

djw}p` mck m dmh{me#

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bujd Wh`ckù Dmnmom ev m cmuuj| w{ufy jb bu`` wymg`# [n` cmd` jb {n` Y`{ufg Dmnmom.gmc mowj e` bjpck pckù {n` cmd` Y`{ufg&/ fckfgm{`w {nm{ f{ km{`w emgh bujd {n` d`kfm`$

rmo yùfjk#

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Jc {n` Efaòm {nù` |mw mowj m |m{ùdfoo#

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o`rò& jc {n` wjp{n$`mw{ùc wfk` jb {n` J{{jdmc bju{u`ww jb Wuèu`cfh# F{ |mw yujemeovk`ròjy`k jc {n` wf{` jb {n` wpepuew jb {n` d`kfm`rmo bju{u`ww# Fc {n` om{` =6{n g`c{puv f{

nmk 2 {j < njpw`w mck m g`d`{ùv ojgm{`k mejr` f{#



22

Dpwmom XDpwmoomnTF{ fw ojgm{`k kj|cw{u`md bujd {n` emqmmu/ jc {n` o`b{ m{{`c`k emch jb {n`

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fc wjd` ymu{w u`wfk`c{fmo/ ypeofg mck j{nù epfokfclw |ù` ù`g{`k#

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e`gmd` `~{u`dòv fc{ù`w{fcl bju {n` gjcw{upg{fjc .jb ujmkw/ ypeofg epfokfclw& mb{ù {n`

muufrmo jb {n` Mpw{uj$Npclmufmc upoùw#

Rmujw@r`c bpu{nù kj|cw{u`md {nmc Dpwmom/ jc {n` ufln{/ um{nù w{``y/ emch {n`

Hufq`rfgm rmoo`v/ kpufcl {n` =>{n mck =6{n g`c{puf`w/ Rmujw Dmnmom w{mu{`k k`ròjyfcl# F{

|mw yjypom{`k ev fddflumc{w jb Wùefmc mck Ju{njkj~ juflfc bujd {n` wjp{nùc djpc$

{mfcjpw u`lfjcw/ mck {npw f{ |mw mowj gmoo`k Wuywhm Rmujw#

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jb {j|c fcnmef{`k ev lfywf`w/ {nm{ fw/ Ujdmcf yjypom{fjc# Nmrfcl fc dfck {n`fu |mv jb

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2<

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mcf ‗ Wuèu`cfgm/ 59=5 .fc yu`ymum{fjc&#

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Rmhp p [pqof jk RF kj ^^ w{joa`gm/ Qejucfh umkjrm Ròfhf rmhf Ejwc`/ EQH Yu`yjujk/ [pqom/ 5992/

yy# <=$<2#=6> Upwdfu Ka`kjrfg/ Rmhp p lumkp Wuèu`cfgf jk =0# kj 59# w{joa`gm/ Emw{fcm wa`rùjfw{jgc` Ejwc` ‗

gmwjyfw qm emw{fcp/ hpo{pucj$nfw{jufawhj f yufujkcj cmwofa`k`/ euja 7*59=9/ Qmrjk qm qmw{f{p f hjufw{`ca`

hpo{pucj$nfw{jufawhjl f yufujkcjl cmwofa`km [pqomcwhjl hmc{jcm/ [pqom#



2>

Djw}p` fc {n` bju{u`ww jb Wuèu`cfh [n` jok`w{ djw}p` fc {n` w`{{o`d`c{ |mw ojgm{`k fc {n` d`kfm`rmo {j|c mck om{ù

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kmuk yujg`kpu` jb {n` J{{jdmc mp{njuf{f`w# [n` ~mdyo`w jb {n`w` mu` bjpck fc1 Qrjucfh/

Hpwom{/ [`jgmh/ Wuèucfh .jc {n` Dma`rfgm&### [nfw |mw mowj {n` gmw` |f{n {nfw gf{mkò/

|nfgn |mw/ fdd`kfm{òv mb{ù {n` gjc}p`w{/ u`julmcfq`k mck w{mu{`k jyùm{fcl mw wpgn#

Fc {n` `muov =2{n g`c{puv/ mw {n` djw}p` goùfgw {n` bjooj|fcl mu` d`c{fjc`k1

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bjooj|fcl mu` d`c{fjc`k1 D`romcm Nmaupkfc/ mw fdmd mck hnm{fe jb {nfw djw}p` fc {n`

w{ujclnjok mck Nmdqm/ wjc jb D`nd`k/ mw dp`qqfc .{n` uw{ jc` nmk m {fdmu XwmomuvT jb =#<99/ mck {n` om{ù <99 mhg`w&#=66

Wpo{mc Emv`qfk FF‖w Djw}p` .Gmwcm XNjcjumeo`T Djw}p`&F{ |mw epfo{ e`bju` =077/ {nm{ fw kpufcl {n` upo` jb Wpo{mc Emv`qfk FF .=;>=$

=0=5&/ hcj|c mw Ròfam .njov&# F{ fw bju {nfw u`mwjc {nm{ @rofvm Gòèf/ ymwwfcl {nujpln

Wuèu`cfgp fc =229/ u`bùu`k {j f{ mw Emv`qfk R ofam‖w djw}p` mck k`wgufe`k f{ mw m wfd$

yo` yomg` jb |juwnfy epfo{ fc {n` jok w{vo` |f{n jc` dfcmu`{ mck gjrù`k ev hù`dfk#599

[nfw djw}p`/ fc {n` u`lfw{ùw km{fcl emgh bujd {n` =2{n g`c{puv/ fw u`bùu`k {j

jcov mw Gmwcm .Njcjumeo`& Djw}p`# Fc =077/ D`romcm W`dwpkfc/ hnm{fe/ mck Mnd`k/

dp`qqfc/ mu` d`c{fjc`k mw djw}p` goùfgw# Fc {n` dfk =2{n g`c{puv/ {n` yjwf{fjc jb {n`

fdmd |mw w{foo nòk ev {n` wmd` dmc/ |nfo` {n` yjwf{fjc jb {n` dp`qqfc |mw oo`k evFeumnfd#

[n` bmg{ {nm{/ fc =077/ mc mdjpc{ jb 729 mhg`w yù v`mu bju {n` ~y`cw`w jb ofln{$fcl mck gmuy`{w fc {n` djw}p` fc {n` w{ujclnjok jb Wuèu`cfgm |mw moojgm{`k bujd w{m{`

u`r`cp` .{m~`w& jb {n` rfooml` jb Kumq`rfc` fc Wpefc Cmnfv` fckfgm{`w {nm{ {n`w` {|j

jok`w{ djw}p`w fc Wuèu`cfgm/ km{fcl emgh bujd {n` w`gjck nmob jb {n` =0{n mck {n` muov

=2{n g`c{puf`w/ |ù` epfo{ mck bpck`k ev {n` w{m{`#59=

\m}b jb {n` Gmuwfam Djw}p`[nfw fw jc` jb {n` jok`w{ |m}bw fc Wuèu`cfgm/ yujemeov uòm{`k {j Wpo{mc

Emv`qfk‖w Djw}p`/ |nfgn km{`w emgh bujd {n` om{` =0{n mck `muov =2{n g`c{puf`w# F{ |mw

yujemeov k`rmw{m{`k kpufcl {n` |muw fc {n` om{` =<{n mck `muov =>{n g`c{puf`w/ mck |mwu`gjcw{upg{`k om{ù jc# F{ fw m hcj|c bmg{ {nm{ {n` djw}p` |mw mowj u`gjcw{upg{`k ev nmaaf

Wòdmc$mlm fc =>72#

Fc =>69/ {nfw |m}b/ u`lfw{ù`k mw dpwmhmbm{ / nmk u`r`cp` bujd u`c{mo b`` fc {n`

mdjpc{ jb 70 jufcw/ mck/ u`lfw{ù`k mw dpw{mlòm{ / u`r`cp` bujd |m}b‖w omck fc {n`

mdjpc{ jb 09 jufcw/ {nm{ fw/ m {j{mo jb >0 jufcw# U`r`cp`w jb {n` \m}b jb {n` Gmuwfam

Djw}p` fc Wuèu`cfgm/ fc =>69/ |ù` wy`c{ jc {n` u`wy`g{fr` wmomuf`w jb {n` fdmd mck

dp`qqfc jb {n` djw}p` fc {n` mdjpc{ jb =2 mck 09 jufcw# [n` ~y`cw`w bju ofln{fcl mckgmuy`{fcl |ù` =0 jufcw# Mggjukfcl {j {n` |m}b‖w epkl`{/ {n` |m}b‖w `~y`ckf{pu`w fc

=66 Mk`d Nmckqfg/ [pqom f ca`cm jhjofcm p ^RF rfa`hp/ Wra`{ojw{/ Wmuma`rj/ =6<0/ y# =09#

599 @rofam Gòèf/ Yp{jyfw/ Wmuma`rj Ypeofwnfcl/ =662/ y# 66#

59= Mk`d Nmckqfg/ [pqom f ca`cm jhjofcm p ^RF rfa`hp/ Wra`{ojw{/ Wmuma`rj/ =6<0/ y# =09#



26

{n` mdjpc{ jb >= jufcw |ù` d`{ |f{n m wpuyopw jb ; jufcw bju {nm{ v`mu#595

\m}b jb {n` Gmuwfam Djw}p` fc Wuèu`cfgm/ mggjukfcl {j uw{ omck mck yujyù{vu`lfw{ùw fc =>6;/ j|c`k {n` bjooj|fcl u`mo yujyù{v1 m djw}p` epfokfcl |f{n m epfokfcl

wf{` mck m vmuk/ g# y# cj# =*;0=/ |f{n mc mu`m jb =;9 dµ# 597

\m}b jb {n` Gmuwfam Djw}p`/ mggjukfcl {j {n` epkl`{ fc =6=7/ nmk u`r`cp`w/

bujd {n` dfoo mck omck yujyù{v/ fc {n` mdjpc{ jb =69 hujc`w# [n` `~y`ckf{pu`w bju {n`

u`wy`g{fr` wmomuf`w jb {n` fdmd mck dp`qqfc jb {n` djw}p` |ù` 79 mck =29 hujc`w#

[nm{ v`mu/ {n` dp{m|moof jb {n` |m}b |mw Mnd`{$mlm Ymwmlfg#59;

Jrù {fd`/ {n` |m}b jb {n` Gmuwfam Djw}p` e`gmd` omulù kp` {j c`| u`mo yujy$

ù{v |nfgn |mw mkk`k {j f{# Fc =672 mck =67> u`wy`g{fròv m Ejacm omck |mw ypugnmw`k

.g# y# cjw# 0=6 mck 0=2& bujd Mofam Wòdmcmlfg#590 Fc =672/ {n` Hjrmg`rfg bmdfov `c$

kj|`k omck jc g# y# cj# =02 {j {nfw |m}b#592

[n` epfokfcl jb {n` Gmuwfam Djw}p`/ |nfgn |mw {juc kj|c fc Apov/ =6>> kp` {j

{n` gjcw{upg{fjc jb m c`| epfokfcl/ |mw jb djk`w{ kfd`cwfjcw/ 2 ~ >/0 d/ mck m |jjk`c

dfcmu`{# Py {j {nm{ yjfc{/ {n` djw}p`/ ju {j e` dju` yu`gfw` {n` dmwafk/ kfk cj{ nmr` mdfdemu# Bfr` kmfov yumvùw |ù` yùbjd`k fc {nfw djw}p`/ |nfo` {n` u`wy`g{fr` Apdpmn

mck @fk yumvùw |ù` yùbjud`k fc {n` c`muev Efaòm Djw}p`#59<

\m}b jb {n` Gmuwfawhm G`wdm XEmqmmu Bjpc{mfcT[nfw |m}b km{`w emgh {j {n` wmd` yùfjk mw {n` mejr`$d`c{fjc`k jc`#

Mggjukfcl {j {n` |m}b‖w epkl`{ fc =>69/ \m}b jb {n` Gmuwfawhm G`wdm nmk u`r$

`cp`w fc {n` mdjpc{ jb ;9 jufcw/ u`lfw{ù`k mw dpwmhmbm{ / bujd emhùv u`c{mo b``# [n`w`

u`r`cp`w |ù` wy`c{ jc bjpc{mfc dmfc{`cmcg`#59>

Nmddmd XYpeofg Em{nTWuèu`cfgm nmk m nmddmd wfcg` {n` `muov =2{n g`c{puv .ju {j e` dju` `~mg{

=077&# M{ {nm{ {fd` f{ |mw u`bù`k {j mw @dyùfmo Nmddmd mck nmk mccpmo u`r`cp`w fc

{n` mdjpc{ jb 777 mhg`w#596 F{ |mw mowj d`c{fjc`k ev Gòèf fc {n` =<{n g`c{puv#

Ev {umkf{fjc/ {nfw nmddmd |mw ojgm{`k fc {n` Gur`cm Ufa`hm Dmnmom#

Nmddmd |mw ojgm{`k m{ {n` {jy jb {n` dmnmom gmoo`k Gur`cm Ufa`hm# [nfw fw {n`

yu`w`c{$kmv Nmdmdoph# F{w |moow w{foo w{jjk mck gjpok e` w``c yufju {j {n` jggpym{fjc fc

=><># Gnmccòw mck yom{`w jb {n` nmddmd |ù` bjpck jc {nfw wf{`#5=9

595 Yujumgpcf rmhpbm p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf qm ljkfcp =>69#/ Wmw{mroa`cf yj q`dmoawhjd rmhpbwhjdyjraù`cw{rp p Wmuma`rp/ Kuplf wr`qmh/ y# <0#

597 Lupc{jrc` hcafl` fq =>6;# ljkfc` qm HJ Wuèu`cfgp# Lupc{jrcm hcaflm ^/ pojqmh euja ;0># Lupc$

{jrcfgm jyw{fcwhjl wpkm p Wuèu`cfgf# Moo {n` cpdeùw jb {n` gmkmw{umo ymugòw .g# y#& {jkmv mu` gmoo`k

{n` jok wpur`v/ pcofh` {n` cpdeùw g# y# jb {n` c`| wpur`v |nfgn |ù` fc{ujkpg`k w`rùmo k`gmk`w mlj#

59; Yujumgpc rmhpbm p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf qm ljkfcp =6=7/ Wmuma`rj/ y# 5><#

590 Lupc{jrcm hcaflm ^F/ pojwgf euja 0=2 f 0=6#

592 Lupc{jrcm hcaflm ^/ pojqmh euja ;6;#

59< Nfbqfam Wpoahfg/ Wyjd`cfgf fwomdwh` hpo{pu` p Wuèu`cfgf/ Wmeumcf {`hw{jrf hcaflm FF/ EDL/ Ejwmcwhm

d`kfawhm lupym/ [pqom/ 599</ y# 5>2# Mejp{ {nfw djw}p`/ w``1 Dmkqfkm E`gfue`ljrfg/ Kųmdfa` wmkur`cjd dpcmujd p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf/ R`wòfc Dmwo`wm/ Wmuma`rj/ =669/ yy# ==7 mck =2;$=20#

59> Yujumgpcf rmhpbm p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf qm ljkfcp =>69/ y# <0#596 C`kfd Bfofyjrfg/ Fwomdfqmgfam p Ejwcf f N ug`ljrfcf/ G`c{mu qm hpo{pup f jeumqjrmca` [`wmca/ [`wmca/

5990/ y# =66#

5=9 Nmdkfam Hu`w`roamhjrfg / Nmdmdf p Ejwcf f Nùg ljrfcf/ =;25$=6=2/ E`jlumk/ =67</ y# <7#



<9

\m}b jb {n` Gur`cm Ufa`hm G`wdmw .|òow& XU`k Ufrù Bjpc{mfcwTF{ fw d`c{fjc`k fc =>69/ mck fw yujemeov uòm{`k {j {n` mejr`$d`c{fjc`k/ ju {n`

pw` jb {n` d`kfgfcmo yujyù{f`w jb {n` Lpeù |òow#

[n` wmd` v`mu dpwmhmbm{ jb {nfw |m}b nmk u`r`cp`w bujd {n` wnjy u`c{mo b`` fc

{n` mdjpc{ jb 50 jufcw# Mg{pmo ~y`ckf{pu`w jb {n` \m}b jb {n` Gur`cm Ufa`hm G`wdmw

fc Wuèu`cfgm fc =>69 |ù` 59 jufcw mck {n`v |ù` wy`c{ jc bjpc{mfc dmfc{`cmcg`# [n`|m}b nmk m wpuyopw jb 0 jufcw#5==

[mhfvmnFc Wuèu`cfgm/ mw |òo mw j{nù {j|cw kpufcl {n` =<{n g`c{puv/ {nù` |mw m {mhf$

vmn# F{ |mw d`c{fjc`k ev Gòèf/ mck f{ nmk {j nmr` f{w |m}b bju bpckfcl/ mck f{ kfwmy$

y`mu`k m ojcl {fd` mlj#

\m}b jb {n` {nu`` dmh{mew km{fcl emgh bujd {n` om{` =2{n mck `muov =<{n g`c{puf`w

Fc {n` dfk =<{n g`c{puv fc {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm {nù` fw m u`bù`cg` {j {nu``

dmh{mew#5=5 @mgn jb {n`w` nmk {j nmr` f{w j|c |m}b# [n`w` |m}bw |ù` bjpck`k mck {n`

dmh{mew |ù` epfo{ kpufcl {n` =2{n ju {n` uw{ nmob jb {n` =<{n g`c{puf`w#

Ev {n` dfk =6{n g`c{puv fc Wuèu`cfgm {nù` |mw m epfokfcl jb mc jok dmh{me/

|nfgn/ jrù {fd`/ e`gmd` gjdyo`{òv kfomyfkm{`k# [n` |m}b {nm{ |mw bpckfcl f{/ mw f{

w``dw/ nmk ojcl e``c ojw{/ mck {nù` |ù` c`f{nù |m}b bpckw bju f{w dmfc{`cmcg` cju bju

{n` wmomuf`w jb {n` dpoomnw |nj |ù` {`mgnfcl {n` gnfoku`c#5=7 Jc {n` wf{` jb {nfw dmh{me

m dmkumwmn |mw epfo{ fc =>22#

Jc {n` wf{` jb jc` jb {n`w` dmh{mew km{fcl emgh bujd {nfw yùfjk/ om{` =6 {n g`c${puv/ {nù` |mw yujemeov m dmh{me bju lfuow# [nfw gmc e` w``c bujd m u`bù`cg` dmk` {j

m wy`gfmo |m}b pckù {n` cmd` Rmhpb dà{`bm qm ų`cwhp ka`gp .\m}b jb {n` Uòflfjpw

Wgnjjo bju Lfuow& fc =>6;#5=; [nfw |m}b nmk m njpw` |f{n m vmuk `cgojwpu` jc {n` g# y#

cj# 725*7/ |f{n mc mu`m jb <9 d5 .myymu`c{ov fc Gur`cm Ufa`hm Dmnmom& mck m wnjy |f{n

m epfokfcl wf{` fc Gmuwfam jc {n` g# y# cj# =*25 |f{n mc mu`m jb 79 d5#5=0

U`r`cp`w jb {n` |m}b jb {n` Uòflfjpw Wgnjjo bju Lfuow fc =6=5 |ù` =29 huj$

c`w#5=2

Mggjukfcl {j {n` epkl`{ fc =6=7/ \m}b jb {n` Lfuow‖ Dmh{me fc Wuèu`cfgm nmk

{j{mo mccpmo u`r`cp` fc {n` mdjpc{ jb 59< hujc`w# [n`v gmd` bujd {n` |m}b emhùv mck|m}b omck yujyù{v fc {n` mdjpc{ jb =>< mck 59 hujc`w u`wy`g{fròv# [n` `~y`ckf{pu`w

5== Yujumgpcf rmhpbm p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf qm ljkfcp =>69/ y# <0#

5=5 @rofam Gòèf/ Yp{jyfw/ Wmuma`rj Ypeofwnfcl/ =662/ y# 66#

5=7 Nfbqfam Wpoahfg/ Wyjd`cfgf fwomdwh` hpo{pu` p Wuèu`cfgf/ Wmeumcf {`hw{jrf hcaflm FF/ EDL/ Ejwmcwhm

d`kfawhm lupym/ [pqom/ 599</ y# 5>>#

5=; Hcaflm me`g`kcf yjyfw romwcfhm c`hu`{cfcm qm H#J# Wuèu`cfgp# Lupc{jrcfgm jyw{fcwhjl wpkm p Wu`$

eu`cfgf#

5=0 Lupc{jrcm hcaflm RFFF/ pojqmh euja 7<0#

5=2 Nfbqfam Wpoahfg/ Wyjd`cfgf fwomdwh` hpo{pu` p Wuèu`cfgf/ Wmeumcf {`hw{jrf hcaflm FF/ EDL/ Ejwmcwhm

d`kfawhm lupym/ [pqom/ 599</ y# 5>6# [nfw mp{nju/ m rùv ljjk gjccjfww`pu jb {n` Fwomdfg nùf{ml` fccju{n$`mw{ùc Ejwcfm/ ev u`bù`cgfcl {n` wjpug`/ mowj d`c{fjcw u`r`cp`w bujd j{nù |m}bw fc Wu`$

eu`cfgm fc {nfw v`mu1 Efaòm Djw}p` 509/ Gmuwfawhm Djw}p` =;9/ Gur`cm Ufa`hm Djw}p` =09/ Y`{ufgm

Djw}p` 09/ dpwmoomn 09/ dmh{mew$fe{fkmfm 55;9/ lfuow‖ dmh{me =29 mck dmkumwmn =909 hujc`w#



<=

|ù`1 dpmofd‖w wmomuv fc {n` mdjpc{ jb ;9/ u`c{ bju {n` dmh{me epfokfcl fc {n` mdjpc{

jb =59 mck m opdy wpd fc {n` mdjpc{ jb ;9 hujc`w# [nm{ v`mu {n` |m}b nmk m wpuyopw jb

< hujc`w# Dp{m|moof jb {n` |m}b |mw Mnd`{$mlm Ymwmlfg#5=<

[n` epfokfcl jb {n` Lfuow‖ Dmh{me |mw ojgm{`k fc Wh`ckù Dmnmom# [n` dmh{me

nmk jc` jju mck eòj| f{ {nù` |mw m wnjy# Dmh{me |mw fc jyùm{fjc pc{fo =6;=/ mckmb{ù {n` \juok \mu FF f{ |mw {juc kj|c kp` {j kfomyfkm{fjc# Dmh{me‖w dpmofdw |ù` {n`

fdmdw jb {n` Gmuwfawhm Djw}p`#5=>

M kfbbù`c{ \m}b jb {n` Uòflfjpw Wnjjo fc Wuèu`cfgm/ fc =>6; j|c`k bjooj|$

fcl u`mo yujyù{v# [n` dmh{me epfokfcl/ |nfgn |mw u`lfw{ù`k mw m njpw` |f{n m vmuk

`cgojwpu`/ |mw ojgm{`k jc {n` g# y# cj# =*;;6 |f{n mc mu`m jb =29 dµ# [n`c/ m yoj{ jb

omck |f{n yopd jugnmuk eòj| {n` uòflfjpw wgnjjo jc {n` g# y# cj =*;09/ |f{n mc mu`m jb

579 dµ mck m lu``clujgùv fc {n` emqmmu fc Wuèu`cfgm jc g# y# cj# =*2>2/ |f{n mc mu`m

jb =79 dµ#5=6

Ev mcmovqfcl gmkmw{umo yomcw jb {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm fc {n` om{` =6 {n g`c{puv/

jc` gmc w`` {nm{ {n` dmh{me epfokfcl |mw m omul` epfokfcl/ ojgm{`k c`~{ {j {n` `mw{ wfk`

jb {n` Gmuwfawhm Djw}p` .{nfw fw {n` wf{` jb m omul` epfokfcl jb {n` yu`w`c{$kmv Fwomdfg

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; jufcw u`wy`g{fròv# [nfw v`mu {n` `~y`ckf{pu`w jb {n` |m}b |ù`1 {n` wmomuf`w jb {n`fdmd .5; jufcw& mck {n` dp`qqfc .5 jufcw&# [n` mdjpc{ jb 0 jufcw |mw wy`c{ jc {nòfln{fcl jb {n` djw}p`# [n` |m}b nmk m wpuyopw jb 7 jufcw#55=

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mc mu`m jb 52#999 d5/ g`d`{ùf`w jc

g# y# cjw# 590 mck =*7=5 |f{n u`wy`g{fr` mu`mw jb =#>79 mck 099 d5 mck m yojplnomck

c`~{ {j {n` g`d`{ùv jc g# y# cj# 5;9 |f{n mc mu`m jb =#6>9 d5#555

5=< Yujumgpc rmhpbm p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf qm ljkfcp =6=7/ Wmuma rj/ y# 5>6#

5=> Nfbqfam Wpoahfg/ Wyjd`cfgf fwomdwh` hpo{pu` p Wuèu`cfgf/ Wmeumcf {`hw{jrf hcaflm FF/ EDL/ Ejwmcwhm

d`kfawhm lupym/ [pqom/ 599</ y# 5><

5=6 Lupc{jrcm hcaflm R/ pojqmh euja 576#559 Hm{mw{muwhf yomc fq =>>7#$=>>0# ljkfc`/ qm H#J# Wuèu`cfgp/ umqdaùm =17#=50# Hm{mw{mu Wuèu`cfgm#

55= Yujumgpcf rmhpbm p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf qm ljkfcp =>69/ y# <<#

555 Lupc{jrcm hcaflm ^/ pojqmh euja ;29#



<5

Mggjukfcl {j |m}b epkl`{ fc =6=7/ \m}b jb {n` Y`{ufg Djw}p` nmk u`r`cp`w

bujd |m}b omck fc {n` mdjpc{ jb ;9 mck |m}b u`mo yujyù{v fc {n` mdjpc{ jb 0 huj$

c`w# [n` `~y`ckf{pu`w |ù` {n` u`wy`g{fr` wmomuf`w jb {n` fdmd mck {n` dp`qqfc fc {n`

mdjpc{ jb ;9 mck 0 hujc`w# [n` dp{m|moof jb {n` |m}b |mw Mnd`{$mlm Ymwmlfg#557

[n` djw}p` epfokfcl nmk omulù kfd`cwfjcw {nmc djw{ j{nù djw}p`w fc Wu`$

eu`cfgm# [n` emw` |mw m u`g{mclo` |f{n wfk`w =9 ~ </0 d# F{ |mw epfo{ bujd gnjyy`k w{jc`

{j {n` pyyùdjw{ ymu{ jb {n` epfokfcl/ |f{n |moow 2 d`{ùw nfln mck 6> gd {nfgh# F{ |mw

gjrù`k ev m nfy ujjb |nfgn |mw fc u`g`c{ {fd`w u`$ujjb`k |f{n {fo`w# F{ nmk m |jjk`c

dfcmu`{# F{ mowj nmk m dmno# F{ |mw u`gjcw{upg{`k fc =6>7#55;

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wmd` cmd`/ mck f{ km{`w emgh {j {n` uw{ nmob jb {n` =<{n g`c{puv/ mck mggjukfcl {j wjd`/

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\m}b jb {n` Gur`cm Ufa`hm Djw}p` mowj hcj|c mw Wmu`cm XK`gjum{`kT Djw}p`

fc =>6; |mw {n` j|cù jb {n` bjooj|fcl omck yujyù{v1 djw}p` epfokfcl |f{n m epfokfcl

wf{` jc g# y# cj# =*;99/ |f{n mc mu`m jb ;9 d5/ g`d`{ùv jc {n` oj{ g# y# cj# =*766 |f{n mc

mu`m jb 729 d5 mck m wnjy |f{n m epfokfcl wf{` fc Gmuwfam jc g# y# cj# =*;6#552

\m}b jb {n` Gur`cm Ufa`hm Djw}p`/ mggjukfcl {j {n` epkl`{ fc =6=7/ nmk u`r$

`cp`w bujd |m}b omck yujyù{v mck u`c{mo b``w fc {n` mdjpc{ jb =69 hujc`w/ jb |nfgn

=29 |`c{ {j {n` wmomuv jb {n` fdmd jb {nfw djw}p`/ |f{n m 79 hujc`w wpuyopw# M{ {n` {fd`

{n` dp{m|moof jb {n` |m}b |mw Mnd`{$mlm Ymwmlfg#55<

[n` djw}p` epfokfcl nmk kfd`cwfjcw 2 ~ >/0 d/ mck |mw epfo{ bujd gnjyy`k

w{jc` mck |jjk8 f{ nmk m |jjk`c dfcmu`{ mck |mw ujjb`k |f{n {fo`w# Wjd` u`w`mugnùw

eòf`r` {nm{ {n` jok`w{ djw}p` fc {nfw yomg` epuc`k kj|c fc m u` mck {nm{ {nfw wdmooù jc` |mw ù`g{`k fcw{`mk#55>

[nu`` |m}bw jb {n` pchcj|c djw}p`w km{fcl emgh bujd {n` =<{n g`c{puv\m}bw jb {n` {nu`` djw}p`w d`c{fjc`k ev Gòèf fc {n` dfk =<{n g`c{puv/ kp` {j

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{n` u`wy`g{fr` wf{`w jb {n`w` {nu`` djw}p`w fw pchcj|c {j u`w`mugnùw#

557 Yujumgpc rmhpbm p Ejwcf f Nùg ljrfcf qm ljkfcp =6=7/ Wmuma`rj/ y# 5>>#

55; Nfbqfam Wpoahfg/ Wyjd`cfgf fwomdwh` hpo{pu` p Wuèu`cfgf/ Wmeumcf {`hw{jrf hcaflm FF/ EDL/ Ejwmcwhm

d`kfawhm lupym/ [pqom/ 599</ yy# 5>2$5><# Mowj w``1 Dmkqfkm E`gfue`ljrfg/ Kqmdfa` wm kur`cjd

dpcmujd p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf/ R`wòfc Dmwo`wm/ Wmuma`rj/ =669/ yy# ==7$==; mck =06#

550 Yujumgpcf rmhpbm p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf qm ljkfcp =>69/ y# <7

552 Lupc{jrcm hcaflm ^/ pojqmh euja ;0<#

55< Yujumgpc rmhpbm p Ejwcf f Nùg ljrfcf qm ljkfcp =6=7/ Wmuma`rj/ y# 5><#55> Nfbqfam Wpoahfg/ Wyjd`cfgf fwomdwh` hpo{pu` p Wuèu`cfgf/ Wmeumcf {`hw{jrf hcaflm FF/ EDL/ Ejwmcwhm

d`kfawhm lupym/ [pqom/ 599</ y# 5>2# Mowj w``1 Dmkqfkm E`gfue`ljrfg / Kqmdfa` wm kur`cjd dpcmujd

p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf/ R`wòfc Dmwo`wm/ Wmuma`rj/ =669/ yy# ==7$==;#



<7

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Fc {n` `muov v`muw jb {n` J{{jdmc upo`/ m dpwmoomn |mw gjcw{upg{`k fc Wuèu`cf$

gm# F{ |mw bpck`k ev m wy`gfmo |m}b mck f{ `cgjdymww`k m omul` gjdyo`~ jb omck cju{n jb

{n` Gmuwfam#

\n`c {n` dpwmoomn |mw `w{meofwn`k fc Wuèu`cfgm/ mck |nj f{w |mhfb |mw/ f{ fwpchcj|c# Nj|`rù/ apklfcl ev {n` gjcw{upg{fjc jb {n` |moo f{ |mw yujemeov gjcw{upg{`k

fc {n` =2{n g`c{puv#556

Bju m ojcl yùfjk jb {fd`/ dpwmoomn k`cj{`k m omul` bu`` wymg` fc {j|c .fc{`ck`k

bju dmww ypeofg mck uòflfjpw lm{nùfclw&# Jrù {fd`/ f{w u`dj{` ymu{w |ù` {puc`k fc{j

m g`d`{muv mck fc wjd` ymu{w {n` gjcw{upg{fjc jb u`wfk`c{fmo/ ypeofg mck j{nù bmgfof{f`w

e`lmc#

[j|mukw {n` `ck jb {n` J{{jdmc upo` {`c ju wj njpw`w mck m k`gjum{`k dpwmoomn

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gfmoov fc{ù`w{fcl bju {n` gjcw{upg{fjc .jb ujmkw/ ypeofg epfokfclw& mb{ù {n` muufrmo jb {n`

Mpw{uj$Npclmufmc mp{njuf{f`w mck om{ù jc#

\m}b Dpwmom fc Wuèu`cfgm/ mb{ù {n` omck u`lfw{uv jb {n` kfw{ufg{ jb Wuèu`cfgm

|mw w{meofwn`k fc =>6;/ nmk jcov jc`/ jp{ jb m bjudù omul` gjdyo`~/ u`lfw{ù`k yoj{ jb

omck |nfgn |mw ojgm{`k cju{n jb {n` Gmuwfam fc Wuèu`cfgm# M{ {n` {fd` {n` |m}b Dpwmom

nmk m yoj{ jb omck jc g# y# cj# 6>/ |f{n mc mu`m jb 209 d5/ mck f{ |mw ojgm{`k fc e`{|``c

{n` u`wy`g{fr` c`|ov gjcw{upg{`k epfokfclw jb {n` Kfw{ufg{ Mkdfcfw{um{fjc mck m yufdmuv

wgnjjo#579

[n` dpwmoomn fc Wuèu`cfgm nmk m dfnume |nfgn |mw epfo{ fc {n` |moo mck mdfdemu |nfgn |mw dmk` jb |jjk/ gjrù`k mck wpuujpck`k ev ejmukw# F{ |mw ojgm{`k

jc m yom{`mp |f{n {n` kfd`cwfjcw 59 ~ =0 d mck f{ |mw wpuujpck`k ev m w{jc` |moo {|j

d`{ùw nfln mck =99 gd |fk`/ |nfgn |mw gjrù`k ev m wgu``c# [nfw dpwmoomn |mw =99

d m|mv bujd {n` Gmuwfam Djw}p`# Moo {nfw `~fw{`k pc{fo =607#57=

\m}b Dpwmom fc Wuèu`cfgm/ mggjukfcl {j {n` epkl`{ fc =6=7/ nmk u`r`cp` fc {n`

mdjpc{ jb 599 hujc`w# F{ moo gmd` bujd u`c{mo b`` jb {n` |m}b omck yujyù{v ojgm{`k c`mu

{n` g`c{umo mu`m .f{ mowj fcgopk`w m wn`k ojgm{`k jc {nfw omck& fc {n` mdjpc{ jb =09/ mw

|òo mw {n` wjok lmuk`c fc {n` mdjpc{ jb 09 hujc`w# [n` mdjpc{ jb =99 hujc`w |mw wy`c{

bju {n` u`gjcw{upg{fjc jb {n` dpwmoomn/ mck {n` |m}b nmk m wpuyopw jb =99 hujc`w {nm{v`mu# [n` dp{m|moof jb {n` |m}b/ mw |mw {n` gmw` |f{n djw{ j{nù |m}bw fc Wuèu`cfgm/

|mw Mnd`{$mlm Ymwmlfw#575

Mggjukfcl {j jumo {umkf{fjc/ @fk yumvù |mw yùbjud`k fc {n` dpwmoomn mck f{

|mw mg{fr` pc{fo =670# [n` bju`w{ dmcml`d`c{ {ju` kj|c {n` dpwmoomn mck/ jc {nfw wf{`/

gjcw{upg{`k {n`fu j|c epfokfcl |nfgn gjdyufw`k mc fcudmuv/ hfckùlmu{`c/•# [n` omw{

556 Nfbqfam Wpoahfg/ Wyjd`cfgf fwomdwh` hpo{pu` p Wuèu`cfgf/ Wmeumcf {`hw{jrf hcaflm FF/ EDL/ Ejwmcwhm

d`kfawhm lupym/ [pqom/ 599</ y# 5><#

579 Lupc{jrcm hcaflm ^/ pojqmh euja ;06#57= Nfbqfam Wpoahfg/ Wyjd`cfgf fwomdwh` hpo{pu` p Wuèu`cfgf/ Wmeumcf {`hw{jrf hcaflm FF/ EDL/ Ejwmcwhm

d`kfawhm lupym/ [pqom/ 599</ y# 5><#

575 Yujumgpc rmhpbm p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf qm ljkfcp =6=7/ Wmuma`rj/ y# 5>>#



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{j|c#577

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=>{n g`c{puf`w |n`c nmaaf Wh`ckù epfo{ m djw}p` jc {n` wf{` jb {n` Gm{njofg gnpugn/ mb{ù

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gnpugn jb {n` Bumcgfwgmc djcmw{ùv/ W{# Dmuv‖w Gnpugn#57;

Mggjukfcl {j {n` epkl`{ jb {n` |m}b jb {n` Wh`ckù Djw}p` fc Wuèu`cfgm

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<9 jufcw# [n` `~y`ckf{pu`w |ù`1 {n` u`wy`g{fr` wmomuf`w jb {n` fdmd mck {n` dp`qqfcjb {n` djw}p`/ fc {n` mdjpc{ jb =55 mck ;7 jufcw/ {n` ofln{fcl jb {n` djw}p` fc {n`mdjpc{ jb =0 jufcw# [nm{ v`mu {n` |m}b nmk m 5 jufcw wpuyopw#570

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jb <;9/ 5#2;9 mck =5#029 d5#572

577 Nfbqfam Wpoahfg/ Wyjd`cfgf fwomdwh` hpo{pu` p Wuèu`cfgf/ Wmeumcf {`hw{jrf hcaflm FF/ EDL/ Ejwmcwhm

d`kfawhm lupym/ [pqom/ 599</ yy# 5>0$5>2#

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Dmwo`wm/ Wmuma`rj/ =669/ y# ==5#8 Nfbqfam Wpoahfg/ Wyjd`cfgf fwomdwh` hpo{pu` p Wuèu`cfgf/ Wmeumcf

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570 Yujumgpcf rmhpbm p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf qm ljkfcp =>69/ y# <<

572 Lupc{jrcm hcaflm ^/ pojqmh euja ;2=#



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\m}b‖w `~y`ckf{pu`w |ù`1 dmfc{`cmcg` mck u`ymfuw jb |m}b‖w bmgfof{f`w/ ofln{$

fcl/ gmuy`{w/ go`mcfcl jb gnfdc`vw/ fcwpumcg`/ opdy wpdw/ epfokfcl o`mw`w### Jb gjpuw`/

505 Upwdfu Ka`kjrfg/ Rmhp p lumkp Wuèu`cfgf jk =0# kj 59# w{joa`gm/ Emw{fcm wa`rùjfw{jgc` Ejwc` ‗





<6

|m}bw wy`c{ {n` nfln`w{ mdjpc{ jb djc`v jc {n` wmomuf`w jb {n` w{mbb fc |m}b‖w bmgfof{f`w/

wpgn mw1 fdmdw mck dp`qqfcw fc djw}p`w/ dpkùfw`w/ dpmofdw mck m{{`ckmc{w fc dm$

kumwmnw mck dmh{mew/ |m}b‖w dp{m|moofw .|m}b dmcmlùw&#507

Mw f{ gmc e` w``c bujd `muofù u`w`mugn/ wjd` jb {n` |m}bw fc {n` {j|c jb Wu`$

eu`cfgm/ fc kfbbù`c{ kjgpd`c{w mck yùfjkw/ nmk }pf{` kfbbù`c{ cmd`w# [nfw yn`cjd$

`cjc/ {nm{ |m}bw fc {n` jbgfmo kjgpd`c{w |ù` hcj|c pckù jc` cmd`/ mck m kfbbù`c{jc` mdjcl {n` y`jyo`/ fw yu`w`c{ {nujplnjp{ {n` `c{fu` Ejwcfm mck Nùq`ljrfcm#

Kp` {j/ Rmhpbwhm kfu`hgfam .\m}b Kfu`g{jum{`& fc Wmuma`rj/ fc =67=/ ypeofwn`k

m ofw{ jb {n` jbgfmo cmd`w bju moo {n` |m}bw fc Ejwcfm mck Nùq`ljrfcm# [nfw ofw{ |mww`c{ {j moo kfw{ufg{ |m}b mck d`mufb gjddf{{``w fc {n` mu`m jb {n` \m}b Kfu`g{jum{` fc

Wmuma`rj# Mdjcl j{nù {nfclw/ f{ mowj w{m{`w {nm{ „• gjddf{{``w mck fdmdw wj bmu pw`kkfbbù`c{ mck gjcbpwfcl cmd`w bju wjd` jb {n` |m}bw/ mck {npw }pf{` jb{`c gmpw`k gjc$

bpwfjc mck pcc`g`wwmuv gjuu`wyjck`cg`# Wj/ bujd cj| jc/ moo {n` mg{w nmr` {j e`mu {n`

cmd`w jb fckfrfkpmo |m}bw fc {n` `~mg{ |mv/ mw fckfgm{`k fc {nfw ofw{#‖50;

Mggjukfcl {j {nfw ofw{ fc {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm/ jbgfmo cmd`w jb fckfrfkpmo|m}bw mu` ofw{`k mw bjooj|w1 Gur`cm ufa`hm kqmdfam .{n` U`k Ufrù Djw}p`&/ Gmuwfawhm

kqmdfam .{n` Gmuwfam Djw}p`&/ N# Wh`ckù q`c# d`h{è .Nmaaf Wh`ckù‖w Dmh{me bju

Lfuow&/ N# Wh`ckù kqmdfam .Nmaaf Wh`ckù‖w Djw}p`&/ D`ku`wm .Dmkumwmn&/ D`h{èf$

fe{fkmfam .D`h{èf$fe{fkmfm&/ Dpwmom/ mck Y`{ufg kqmdfam .Y`{ufg Djw}p`&#500

[j|mukw m @pujy`mc [j|c

Kpufcl {n` Mpw{j$Npclmufmc upo` .mb{ù =><>&/ {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm lumkpmoovgnmcl`k f{w puemc w{upg{pu` mck myy`mumcg`# [n` {j|cw fc Ejwcfm mck Nùq`ljrfcm/ fc

l`cùmo/ fc {nm{ yùfjk jb {fd`/ |`c{ {nujpln moo wju{w jb gnmcl`w mck lumkpmoov w{mu{`k

ojjhfcl dju` ofh` @pujy`mc {j|cw#

Wjd` jb {n`d e`gmd` fdyju{mc{ fckpw{ufmo g`c{ùw mck lumkpmoov w{mu{`k ojjh$

fcl dju` ofh` @pujy`mc fckpw{ufmo {j|cw .ej{n fc w{upg{pumo w{upg{pu` mck `~{ùfju ‗ [p$

qom/ Q`cfgm&/ |nfo` djw{ jb {n`d gjc{fcp`k ypuwpfcl gumb{|juh/ y`{{v `c{u`yu`c`puwnfy

.|f{n djkùc {umk`w& mck fcgu`mw`k {umk` mck {umbg# [njw` {j|cw {nm{ e`gmd` dfof${muv mck w{um{`lfg w{ujclnjokw jb {n` Djcmugnv |`c{ {nujpln um{nù pcf}p` mck rfwfeo`

gnmcl`w####502

Jc` jb {n`w` {j|cw |mw Wuèu`cfgm |nfgn |mw ojgm{`k c`mu {n` ejukù/ mck|nù` {n` Mpw{uj$Npclmufmc mp{njuf{f`w epfo{ dfof{muv emuumghw mck j{nù wpyyju{fcl

bmgfof{f`w#

Fc {nfw ymyù/ |` mu` ljfcl {j jp{ofc` jcov wjd` jb {n` puemc gnmcl`w {nm{ {n`

{j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm wpbbù`k fc {nfw yùfjk#

507 Upwdfu Ka`kjrfg/ Rmhp p lumkp Wuèu`cfgf jk =0# kj 59# w{joa`gm/ Emw{fcm wa`rùjfw{jgc` Ejwc` ‗



50; Wyfwmh wrfap wmdjw{mocfn rmhpbm cm yjkupgap rmhpbwh` kfu`hgfa` wmuma`rwh`/ Rmhpbwhm kfu`hgfam p Wm$

uma`rp/ euja 55>=*7=/ Wmuma`rj/ =675/ y# =#

500 Wyfwmh wrfap wmdjw{mocfn rmhpbm cm yjkupgap rmhpbwh` kfu`hgfa` wmuma`rwh`/ Rmhpbwhm kfu`hgfam p Wm$uma`rp/ euja 55>=*7=/ Wmuma`rj/ =675/ y# 72#

502 Foamw Nmkqfe`ljrfg / Ejwmcwhjnùg`ljrmghf lumkjrf cm umqd`kp =6# f 59# w{joa gm/ Fcw{f{p{ qm fw{jufap p

Wmuma`rp/ Wmuma`rj/ 599;/ y# >#



>9

Wuèu`cfgm `~yùf`cg`k w{ujcl `gjcjdfg luj|{n8 {n` J{{jdmc ujmkw |ù` u`$

gjcw{upg{`k mck c`| ujmkw gjcc`g{fcl Wuèu`cfgm |f{n j{nù {j|cw fc {n` Dfkko` Kufcm

Rmoo`v u`lfjc |ù` gjcw{upg{`k# Dfcùmo u`wjpug`w |ù` `~yoju`k mck {n`fu `~yojf{m{fjc

|mw e`lpc mw |òo mw {n` pw` jb {n` d`kfgfcmo yujyù{f`w jb {n` dfcùmo |m{ù jb Gucf

Lpeù#

Puemc k`ròjyd`c{ |mw mowj fc{`cwf`k# Gjcw{upg{fjc mck ymr`d`c{ jb m c`||fk` ujmk ‗ w{u``{/ bujd {n` eufkl` jc {n` Hufq`rfgm/ cju{n jb Gmuwfam/ kj|c {nujpln

Dpwmom e`lmc# M ujmk ‗ w{u``{/ o`mkfcl bujd {n` jok g`c{ù jb Wuèu`cfgm .eòj| {n`

Gmuwfam Djw}p`&/ {j {n` o`b{ jb {n` Hufq`rfgm {nujpln Dpwmom |mw gjcw{upg{`k# Fc {n` bjo$

oj|fcl yùfjk/ gjcw{upg{fjc jb fdyju{mc{ ypeofg epfkfclw c`~{ {j c`| ujmkw jc Dpwmom/

wpgn mw kfw{ufg{ mkdfcfw{um{fjc ‗ Hjcmh mck {n` yufdmuv wgnjjo epfokfcl/ `cwp`k#

Fc {n` cju{nùc ymu{ jb {n` {j|c/ dfof{muv emuumghw gjdyo`~ |mw epfo{/ mck dfof$

{muv wnjj{fcl umcl` |mw m{ {n` {jy jb {n` Y`{ufg Dmnmom# [nù` |mw mowj mc fcgu`mw`k

gjcw{upg{fjc jb yufrm{`/ epwfc`ww mck u`wfk`c{fmo epfokfclw fc {n` mugnf{`g{pumo w{vo`w

eujpln{ ev {n` Mpw{uj$Npclmufmc mp{njuf{f`w .g`c{umo @pujy`mc/ yw`pkj$kjdmrfmc•&#Wuèu`cfgm mowj lj{ m {ò`ynjc` `~gnmcl` jc {n` Dpwmom .f{ |mw d`c{fjc`k fc =6=7&#

[n` bjooj|fcl km{m mowj yujrfk` fcbjudm{fjc jc {n` jrùmoo mck puemc k`ròjy$

d`c{ jb {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm fc {n` om{` =6 {n g`c{puv#

Mggjukfcl {j {n` =>>0 g`cwpw/ Dmuh{/ f#`# [uljrfw{`/ Wuèu`cfgm nmk 7=7 njpw`w

mck 752 mymu{d`c{w |f{n m yjypom{fjc jb =#;;0 fcnmef{mc{w# Mdjcl {n`d/ >>7 |ù` Dj$

nmdd`kmcw/ 075 |ù` @mw{ùc Ju{njkj~/ 7; |ù` Ujdmc Gm{njofgw mck 6 |ù` A`|w# 50<

Fc {n` om{` =6{n g`c{puv/ {nm{ fw/ mggjukfcl {j {n` =>60 g`cwpw/ {n` {j|c jb Wu`$

eu`cfgm nmk 7<> njpw`w mck {j{mo yjypom{fjc jb =>5; fcnmef{mc{w# Mdjcl {n`d/ 6;0

|ù` Djnmdd`kmcw/ 277 |ù` @mw{ùc Ju{njkj~/ ==9 |ù` Ujdmc Gm{njofgw mck >

|ù` A`|w# 50>

Fc {n` Mpw{j$Npclmufmc gmkmw{umo dmy bujd =>>7$=>>0/ {n` jok`w{ Ju{njkj~

gnpugn fc {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm |mw dmuh`k/ yoj{ g# y# cj# =*292# 506

Wùefmc Ju{njkj~ Ymufwn/ fc =699/ ejpln{ m njpw` mck w`rùmo yoj{w jb omck

jc {n` nfoowfk`/ gojw` {j {n` cju{n$`mw{ùc ymu{ jb Gmuwfam fc Wuèu`cfgm# [n` yoj{w |ù`

ejpln{ bujd Kjhj mck Ufw{j Dmhwfg mck {n`v |ù` u`lfw{ù`k fc {n` omck u`lfw{ù jc

Apc` 59/ =699# [n` yoj{w fc }p`w{fjc mu` g# y# cjw#1 =*;26/ =*;<9/ =*;2>/ =*;<= mck =*;<;#

529 Fc =697/ {n` yoj{ jc g# y# cj# =*;26 |mw u`lfw{ù`k mw m gnpugn |f{n m gnpugn vmuk# 52=

[n` wmd` v`mu/ {n` ymufwn mowj j|cw {n` yoj{ g# y# cj# 62*> pckù {n` cmd` Hmgòa# 525 Yu`w`c{ kmv ymufwn [`dyo` jb {n` Njov Rfulfc |mw gjcw`gum{`k jc Mplpw{ 57

=697/ mck gjcw`gum{fjc |mw yùbjud`k ev d`{ujyjof{mc Fomufjc .Umkjcfg&#527 Wùefmc

Ju{njkj~ ymufwn/ fc =657/ ejpln{ {|j yoj{w jb omck |f{n mc jok njpw` |nfgn fw ojgm{`k

kfu`g{ov mejr` Gmuwfam mck gojw` {j {n` wjp{n$`mw{ùc wfk` jb {n` gnpugn bujd Dpw{mbm

50< W{m{fw{fhm da`w{m f qf{òaw{rm Ejwc` f Nùg`ljrfc` yj yjyfwp cmujkm jk =# dmam =>>0/ Wmuma`rj/ =>>2/ y# =0;#

50> Nmpy{u`wpo{m{` k u rjohwqmnopcl fc Ejwcf`c pck kù Nùg`ljrfcm rjd 55# Myufo =>60/ Omck`wu`lfù$

pcl bpu Ejwcf`c pck kù Nùg`ljrfcm/ Wmuma`rj/ =>62/ y# 70;#

506 Mpw{ujplmuwhf hm{mw{muwhf yomc lumkm Wuèu`cfg` fq =>>7$=>>0# ljkfc # Umqdaù yomcm =1 7#=50#

529 Lupc{jrcm hcaflm FR/ pojqmh euja =67#52= Lupc{jrcm hcaflm FR/ pojqmh euja =67

525 Lupc{jrcm hcaflm ^F/ pojqmh euja 0;9#

527 Wuywhm yumrjwomrcm `ymunfam Qrjucfghj${pqomcwhm/ w`dm{fqmd/ [pqom/ =6<</ y# 592#



>=

mck Nmwmc Wàkfg# [n`w` mu` {n` yoj{w ojgm{`k jc g# y# cjw# =*;2< mck =*;22# 52; Mowj/ fc

=670/ m njpw` |mw ypugnmw`k jc w{m{` yoj{ g# y# cj# ==>*;# 520 [n` Ymufwn njpw` fc Wu`$

eu`cfgm |mw ù`g{`k fc =672#522

Mb{ù {n` jp{eu`mh jb {n` Bfuw{ \juok \mu fc =6=; mck dfof{muv jyùm{fjcw fc

{n` ejukù qjc` e`{|``c Ejwcfm mck Nùq`ljrfcm mck Wùefm/ jrùmoo/ fcgopkfcl puemc/

k`ròjyd`c{ jb {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm w{jyy`k# [n` {j|c |mw `wy`gfmoov k`rmw{m{`k

kpufcl {n` Bfuw{ mck W`gjck \juok \muw# [nfw yùfjk jb w{mlcm{fjc omw{`k bju modjw{ b{vv`muw mck Wuèu`cfgm w{mu{`k k`ròjyfcl mlmfc jcov fc {n` w`gjck nmob jb {n` 59{n g`c{puv#

Gjcgopwfjc

[n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm nmw m ojcl mck um{nù gjdyo`~ puemc k`ròjyd`c{/ `w$

y`gfmoov |n`c f{ gjd`w {j gomwwfgmo mck d`kfm`rmo puemc {umkf{fjc#

Fc {nfw ymyù |` gmd` {j m gjcgopwfjc {nm{ {n` wmd` myyof`w {j {n` yùfjk jb {n`

J{{jdmc upo`/ {nm{ fw/ bujd {n` dfk =0{n pc{fo {n` `ck jb {n` =6{n g`c{puf`w# Nfw{jufgmo gfu$

gpdw{mcg`w/ m{ {n` {fd`/ nmk gmpw`k kfbbù`c{ w{ml`w jb puemc k`ròjyd`c{/ umlfcl bujd

k`rmw{m{fjc mck u`gjrùv {j bpoo k`ròjyd`c{#

Fc {nfw yùfjk {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm |`c{ {nujpln bjooj|fcl w{ml`w jb puemc

k`ròjyd`c{1

=# K`rmw{m{fjc fc {n` w`gjck nmob jb {n` =0{n g`c{puv

5# U`gjrùv pc{fo {n` om{` =2{n g`c{puv

7# Ljok`c Ml` .=<{n g`c{puv&

;# K`rmw{m{fjc fc {n` om{` =<{n mck `muov =>{n g`c{puf`w

0# U`gjrùv fc {n` =>{n mck =6{n g`c{puf`w

[j|mukw {n` `ck jb {n` J{{jdmc upo` {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm nmk jrù {`c ynvwf$

gmo o`d`c{w fc f{w puemc w{upg{pu` |nfgn |ù` dmfcov {n` yujkpg{ jb yu`rfjpw nfw{jufgmo

mck puemc k`ròjyd`c{# [n`w` ò`d`c{w mu`1 {|j w{ujclnjokw/ m emqmmu/ dju` {nmc m

kjq`c dmnmomw mck omul` ypeofg wymg`w#

[n` u`wpo{w jb {nfw w{pkv fckfgm{` {n` fdyju{mcg` jb {n` ujo` jb |m}b fc {n` puemc

k`ròjyd`c{ jb {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm fc {n` omw{ r` npcku`k v`muw# M{ {n` {fd`/ {nù`|ù` dju` {nmc {|`c{v kfbbù`c{ |m}bw fc Wuèu`cfgm mck {n`v fcgopk`k fdyju{mc{ puemc

bmgfof{f`w .uòflfjpw/ kpgm{fjcmo/ ypeofg/ `gjcjdfg###&#Nfw{jufgmo gfugpdw{mcg`w fc l`cùmo nmk mowj gmpw`k {n`fu k`gofc`/ mck gjdyo`{`

kfwmyy`mumcg`# Nj|`rù/ {n` yjypom{fjc mck fckfrfkpmow mo|mvw fcr`w{`k fc c`| |m}bw

fc Wuèu`cfgm fc jukù {j nòy umfw` {n` {j|c bpcg{fjcw jb Wuèu`cfgm {j mc myyujyufm{`

o`rò#

Ev {n` `muov 59{n g`c{puv {n` {j|c jb Wuèu`cfgm w{mu{`k u`g`frfcl wjd` jb {n`

gnmumg{ùfw{fgw jb j{nù @pujy`mc {j|cw m{ {n` {fd`#

52; Lupc{jrcm hcaflm FR/ pojqmh euja =65#

520 Lupc{jrcm hcaflm RFF/ pojqmh euja 7<7#522 Wuywhm yumrjwomrcm ymunfam Qrjucfghj${pqomcwhm/ w`dm{fqmd/ [pqom/ =6<</ y# 592# Wpewfkfmuv Gnpugn

jb W{# Mugnmclò Dfgnmò fc Wuèu`cfgm |mw gjcw`gum{`k fc =6<=# [n` gjcw`gum{fjc |mw yùbjud`k ev

efwnjy Ojclfc .[jdfg&# .Fefk/ y# 592#&



>5

Wjpug`w mck U`bù`cg`w

=# Lupc{jrc` hcafl` fq =>6;# ljkfc` qm h#j# Wuèu`cfgp# Lupc{jrcfgm jyw{fcwhjl wpkm p

Wuèu`cfgf#

5# Hm{mw{muwhf yomcjrf fq =>>7# $ =>>0# ljkfc`/ qm h#j# Wuèu`cfgp/ umqdaùm = 1 2#509 f = 1

7#=50# Hm{mw{mu Wuèu`cfgm#7# Hcaflm me`g`kcf yjyfw romwcfhm c`hu`{cfcm qm h#j# Wuèu`cfgp# Lupc{jrcfgm jyw{fcwhjl

wpkm p Wuèu`cfgf#

;# Yujumgpcf rmhpbm p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf qm ljkfcp =>69#/ Wmw{mroa`cf yj q`dmoawhjd

rmhpbwhjd yjraù`cw{rp p Wmuma`rp/ Kuplf wr`qmh#

0# W{m{fw{fhm df`w{m f ypgmcw{rm Ejwc` f Nùg`ljrfc`/ Wmuma`rj/ =>>9#

2# W{m{fw{fhm da`w{m f qf{òaw{rm Ejwc` f Nùg`ljrfc` yj yjyfwp cmujkm jk =# dmam =>>0/

Wmuma`rj/ =>>2#

<# Nmpy{u`wpo{m{` kù rjohwqmnopcl fc Ejwcf`c pck k u Nùg`ljrfcm rjd 55# myufo =>60#/

Omck`wu`lfùpcl bpu Ejwcf`c pck kù Nùg`ljrfcm/ Wmuma`rj/ =>62#

># Yujumgpc rmhpbm p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf qm ljkfcp =6=7/ Wmuma`rj#6# Mpw{ujplmuwhm {jyjlumbwhm hmu{m/ umqdaù =1<0#999/ w`hgfam Romw`cfgm pck Wuèu`cfgm/

yjg`{mh 59# w{joa`gm#

=9# Wyfwmh wrfap wmdjw{mocfn rmhpbm cm yjkupgap rmhpbwh` kfu`hgfa` wmuma`rwh`/ Rmhpbwhm

kfu`hgfam p Wmuma`rp/ euja 55>=*7=/ Wmuma`rj/ =675#

==# @rofam Gòèf/ Yp{jyfw/ Wmuma`rj$Ypeofwnfcl/ Wmuma`rj/ =662#

=5# Jkophm j yujlomw`cap Yjrfa`wcjl yjkupgam Kjcaf lumk p Wuèu`cfgf cmgfjcmocfd wyjd`$

cfhjd Ejwc` f Nùg`ljrfc`/ Hjdfwfam*yjraù`cw{rj qm jgprmca` cmgfjcmocfn wyjd`$

cfhm Ejwc` f Nùg`ljrfc`/ <$=9# w{pk`cf 5992#

=7# Nmdkfam Hu`w`roamhjrfg/ Nmdmdf p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf/ =;25$=6=2/ E`jlumk/ =67<#

=;# Dfnmaoj A# Kfcfg/ Qm fw{jufap upkmuw{rm p wu`kcajra`hjrcja Wuefaf f Ejwcf/ WMC/ Yjwècmfqkmcam hcaflm GGÔ/ Jkòa`ca` kupw{r`cfn cmphm hcaflm =;/ Cmpgcm hcaflm/ E`jlumk/

=600#

=0# Apuma Hpapckqfg/ Wu`kcajra`hjrc` guhr` p Wuèu`cfgf/ Kjeuf ymw{fu/ ljk# ^RFF$^RFFF/

Wmuma`rj/ =62>#

=2# Mk`d Nmckqfg/ [pqom f ca`cm jhjofcm p ^RF rfa`hp/ Wra`{ojw{/ Wmuma`rj/ =6<0#

=<# D`nd`k Dpa`qfcjrfg/ Fwomdwhm yflumhm/ hcaflm FF/ R wòfc Dmwo`wm/ Wmuma`rj/ =6<;#=># Wuywhm yumrjwomrcm ymunfam QrjucfĄhj${pqomcwhm/ w`dm{fqmd/ [pqom/ =6<<#=6# Mofam Eà{fg/ Hc`qfcm f hc`qfcwhm cmnfam p nfw{jufaf f ofhjrcjd w{rmumomw{rp/ Yufojqf qm

jufa`c{mocp ojojlfap/ ^^RF*=6<2#/ Jufa`c{mocf fcw{f{p{ p Wmuma`rp/ Wmuma`rj/ =6<>#

59# Nmofdm Hjuhp{/ J rmhpdm p wa`rùjfw{jgcja Ejwcf/ Mcmof Lmqf Npwu`r$e`ljr` efe$ofj{`h`/ Hcaflm R$RF/ Wmuma`rj/ =6<>#

5=# Kumljdfu Rpafgfg/ Jcjdmw{fghm lumkm D`nd`k$e`lm Hmy`{mcjrfgm Oapepwmhm/ Ejwmc$

whjnùg`ljrmghf kfamo`h{jojwhf qejucfh hcaflm FFF/ Fcw{f{p{ qm a`qfh f hcafq`rcjw{ p Wm$

uma`rp/ Wmuma`rj/ =6>5#

55# Qàcfo Bmafg/ Yjyfw rmhpbcmdm fq Ejwc` f Nùg`ljrfc` hja` w` cmomq` p Lmqf Npwu`r$

e`ljrja efeofj{`gf p Wmuma`rp/ Mcmof Lmqf Npwu`r$e`ljr` efeofj{`h`/ Hcaflm F^$^/ Wm$

uma`rj/ =6>7#

57# Dmkqfkm E`gfue`ljrfg/ Kqmdfa` wm kur`cjd dpcmujd p Ejwcf f Nùg`ljrfcf/ R`wòfc

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50# Upwdfu Ka`kjrfg/ Pojlm f qcmgma [pumof$e`ljrjl rmhpbm p puemcjd umqrjap lumkm



>7

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>0

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[n` yomc jb {n` Wh`ckù mck Gur`cm Ufa`hm Dmnmomw fc {n` om{` =6{n g`c{puv



>2

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62

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7# E`gfu`rfČ/ @kfcm/ L`cjgfk cm Kufcf/ Epvejjh/ Wmuma`rj/ 5996#

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QMY/ Wmuma`rj/ =66<#

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Gnmdeù bjpck {nm{ {n` Eum{pcmg Euflmk` |jpok nmr` fcbjud`k {n` Kufcm Gjuyw

Gjddmck mejp{ {n` muufrmo jb {n` yufwjcùw/2=5 mck {nm{ {n` Kufcm Gjuyw Gjddmck

dpw{ nmr` hcj|c {nm{ {n` yufwjcùw |ù` cj{ e`fcl {umcwbùu`k {j u`lpomu yufwjcù jb

|mu bmgfof{f`w/ ep{ |ù` e`fcl k`{mfc`k fc Eum{pcmg |f{njp{ mcv yujrfwfjc bju bjjk mck|m{ù `{g#2=7 Bujd Umkfwomr Huw{fČ‖w yu`w`cg` fc Yj{jĄmuf mck nfw ujo` fcjulmcfqfcl {n` {umcwyju{m{fjc/ {n` [ufmo Gnmdeù gjcgopk`k {nm{ n` dpw{ hcj|c {nm{

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2== Fefk #2=5 Fefk #/ ymum# =>7#

2=7 Fefk #/ ymum# 560#

2=; Fefk #/ ymum# 727#



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Gnmdeù f{wòb mghcj|o`kl`k/ {n` w`ymum{fjc jb {n` d`c mck {n`fu k`{`c{fjc òw`|nù`

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d`c |mw mowj gjcwfw{`c{ |f{n mc fc{`c{fjc {j `~gnmcl` {n` yufwjcùw bju {n` Wùefmcwjokfùw gmy{pu`k ev {n` Ejwcfmc Dpwofdw# [n` [ufmo Gnmdeù n`muk `rfk`cg` {nm{

wpgn `~gnmcl`w |ù` bu`}p`c{ kpufcl {n` dfof{muv gjcfg{ fc {n` bjudù Vpljwomrfm mck{nm{ ‟m c`| fcbpwfjc jb Ejwcfmc Dpwofd yufwjcùw |jpok nmr` e``c m yj{`c{fmoov pw`bpo

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k`gfwfjc {j `~`gp{` {n` Ejwcfmc Dpwofd gfrfofmcw |mw/ mggjukfcl {j {n` Yujw`gp{fjc

`~yù{/ ‟pcbm{njdmeo` fc dfof{muv {ùdw—#2=2 Fb {nfw k`gfwfjc |mw wj pc`~y`g{`k mck

fuum{fjcmo/ f{ fw wpuòv pcu`mwjcmeo` {j `~y`g{ Umkfwomr Huw{fČ {j mc{fgfym{` wpgn m gjpuw`jb `r`c{w jc {n` emwfw jb jewùrm{fjcw {nm{ mu` `}pmoov .fb cj{ dju` wj& gjcwfw{`c{ |f{n

mc fccjg`c{ jp{gjd`# Huw{fČ‖w hcj|o`kl` jb {n` k`{`c{fjc jb yufwjc uw fc Eum{pcmg fw{nù`bju` cj{ wpbgf`c{ {j wpyyju{ mc fcbù`cg` jb mg{pmo hcj|o`kl` mejp{ {n` `~`gp{fjc yomc/ mck ev `~{`cwfjc/ mc fcbù`cg` jb l`cjgfkmo fc{`c{ jc {n` ymu{ jb Huw{fČ#X•T

.`& [n` [ufmo Gnmdeù‖w j{nù ckfclw dfof{m{fcl mlmfcw{ m ckfcl jb l`cjgfkmo fc{`c{

=7=# [n` [ufmo Gnmdeù mowj dmk` cpdùjpw ckfclw {nm{ dfof{m{` mlmfcw{ mgjcgopwfjc {nm{ Umkfwomr Huw{fČ nmk l`cjgfkmo fc{`c{# F{ bjpck {nm{ mo{njpln Huw{fČ |mwcj{ m uòpg{mc{ ymu{fgfymc{ fc {n` bjugfeo` {umcwbù jb {n` Ejwcfmc Dpwofd yjypom{fjc/ n`

kfk myy`mu gjcgùc`k {j `cwpu` {nm{ {n` jyùm{fjc |mw gjckpg{`k fc mc jukùov bmwnfjc#N` wfdyov |mc{`k {n` gfrfofmc yjypom{fjc jp{ jb {n` mu`m mck n` nmk cj fc{ù`w{

fc dfw{u`m{fcl {n`d mojcl {n` |mv# [n` [ufmo Gnmdeù mghcj|o`kl`k/ dju`jrù/

{nm{ {n` `rfk`cg` gjpok cj{ `w{meofwn {nm{ ‟Umkfwomr Huw{fg nfdwòb `rù `crfwml`k {nm{

{n` gnjw`c d`{njk jb u`djrfcl {n` Ejwcfmc Dpwofdw bujd {n` `cgomr` |jpok e`

{j wvw{`dm{fgmoov `~`gp{` ymu{ jb {n` gfrfofmc yjypom{fjc— mck {nm{ n` ‟myy`mu`k mw m

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{mh`$jrù jb Wuèu`cfgm fc Apov =660#—2=< [n` [ufmo Gnmdeù bjpck {nm{ ‟o`b{ {j nfw

j|c k`rfg`w/ f{ w``dw kjpe{bpo {nm{ Huw{fČ |jpok nmr` e``c mwwjgfm{`k |f{n wpgn m yomcm{ moo#—2=>

=75# [n` [ufmo Gnmdeù mowj bjpck {nm{ Umkfwomr Huw{fČ dmk` `bbju{w {j `cwpu`{n` wmb`{v jb {n` Ejwcfmc Dpwofd gfrfofmcw {umcwyju{`k jp{ jb Yj{jĄmuf# Fc mc fc{ ug`y{jb =5 Apov =660/ n` |mw n`muk jukùfcl {nm{ cj nmud dpw{ gjd` {j {n` gfrfofmcw mck/ fc

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2=0 Fefk #/ ymum# =02#

2=2 Fefk #/ ymum# <9#2=< Fefk #/ ymum# ;59#

2=> Fefk #

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n`muk {j jukù {nm{ m gjcrjv jb gfrfofmcw ejpck bju Homkmca e` {u`m{`k fc m gfrfofw`k

dmccù/ ‟wj {nm{ cj{nfcl jb {n` hfck jb yujeo`d |` nmk e`bju` nmyy`cw#—259 [n`

[ufmo Gnmdeù gjcgopk`k {nm{ |nfo` {nfw fc{ùg`y{ wpll`w{`k {nm{ Umkfwomr Huw{fČ |mwmc~fjpw bju {n` {umcwbù {j yujg``k yujyùov/ f{ mowj fckfgm{`k {nm{ n` |mw m|mu` jb

yujeo`dw |f{n `muofù {umcwbùw#25= [n` gjcgopwfjc {nm{ n` |mw ‟m|mu` jb yujeo`dw |f{n

`muofù {umcwbùw/— mck cj| {jjh w{`yw {j mrjfk dfw{u`m{d`c{/ lj`w mlmfcw{ {n`[ufmo Gnmdeù‖w gjcgopwfjc {nm{ Huw{fČ nmk e``c m |foofcl ymu{fgfymc{ fc m ajfc{ gufdfcmo`c{ùyufw` jb l`cjgfk`#

=77# Bfcmoov/ {n` [ufmo Gnmdeù u`bùu`k {j {n` `rfk`cg` jb m K`b`cw` |f{c`ww {nm{

jc =7 Apov =660 n` nmk m gjcrùwm{fjc mejp{ {n` Ejwcfmc Dpwofd gjopdc |f{n Huw{fČ/|nj nmk `~yu`ww`k {n` rf`| {nm{ {n` RUW wnjpok mooj| {n` gjopdc {j ymww wj {nm{ {n`

wf{pm{fjc gjpok e` ‟`ck`k mw f{ wnjpok#— [n` [ufmo Gnmdeù uòf`k jc {n` `rfk`cg` mw

fckfgm{fcl m|mu`c`ww jc {n` ymu{ jb Umkfwomr Huw{fČ {nm{ m{{`dy{w |ù` e`fcl dmk`{j gmy{pu` {n` d`c bujd {n` gjopdc# [n` `rfk`cg`/ nj|`rù/ fckfgm{`w {nm{ Huw{fČ

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Nfw j|c ymu{fgpomu fc{`c{ |mw kfu`g{`k {j m bjugfeo`kfwyomg`d`c{# Wjd` j{nù d`deùw jb {n` RUW Dmfc W{mbb nmueju`k {n` wmd`

fc{`c{ {j gmuuv jp{ bjugfeo` kfwyomg`d`c{/ ep{ rf`|`k {nfw kfwyomg`d`c{ mw m w{`y fc {n`

mggjdyofwnd`c{ jb {n`fu l`cjgfkmo jea`g{fr`# F{ |jpok e` ùujc`jpw/ nj|`rù/ {j ofch

Huw{fČ‖w wy`gfg fc{`c{ {j gmuuv jp{ bjugfeo` kfwyomg`d`c{ |f{n {n` wmd` fc{`c{ yjww`ww`kev j{nù d`deùw jb {n` Dmfc W{mbb/ {j |njd {n` bjugfeo` kfwyomg`d`c{ |mw m d`mcw

jb mkrmcgfcl {n` l`cjgfkmo yomc#

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Gnmdeù‖w ckfcl jb Umkfwomr Huw{fČ‖w l`cjgfkmo fc{`c{

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Gjuyw yùwjccò mck u`wjpug`w {j bmgfof{m{` {njw` hfoofclw# [nfw hcj|o`kl` jc nfw ymu{

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gufd`w hcj|c {j npdmchfck/ mck f{w lumrf{v fw u``g{`k fc {n` w{ufcl`c{ u`}pfu`d`c{jb wy`gfg fc{`c{# Gjcrfg{fjcw bju l`cjgfk` gmc e` `c{ù`k jcov |nù` {nm{ fc{`c{nmw e``c pc`}pfrjgmoov `w{meofwn`k# [nù` |mw m k`djcw{umeo` bmfopu` ev {n` [ufmo

Gnmdeù {j wpyyov mk`}pm{` yujjb {nm{ Umkfwomr Huw{fČ yjww`ww`k {n` l`cjgfkmo fc{`c{#Huw{fČ/ {nù`bju`/ fw cj{ lpfo{v jb l`cjgfk` mw m yufcgfymo yùy`{um{ju#

@# [n` Gufdfcmo U`wyjcwfefof{v jb Umkfwomr Huw{fČ1 Mfkfcl mckMe`{{fcl L`cjgfk`

=70# [n` fwwp` {nm{ mufw`w cj| fw {n` o`rò jb Umkfwomr Huw{fČ‖w gufdfcmou`wyjcwfefof{v fc {n` gfugpdw{mcg`w mw yujyùov `w{meofwn`k# Moo jb {n` gufd`w {nm{

bjooj|`k {n` bmoo jb Wuèu`cfgm jggpuu`k fc {n` Kufcm Gjuyw qjc` jb u`wyjcwfefof{v#

[nù` |mw cj `rfk`cg` {nm{ {n` Kufcm Gjuyw k`rfw`k ju fcw{flm{`k mcv jb {n` m{ujgf{f`w/

259 Fefk #/ ymum# 706#25= Fefk #/ ymum# 729#

255 Fefk #/ ymum# 7<;#



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mck {n` `rfk`cg` w{ujclov wpll`w{`k {nm{ {n` gufdfcmo mg{frf{v |mw e`fcl kfu`g{`k evwjd` d`deùw jb {n` RUW Dmfc W{mbb pckù {n` kfu`g{fjc jb L`cùmo DomkfČ#257 M{ {n`{fd` {n` `~`gp{fjcw gjdd`cg`k Huw{fČ |mw `clml`k fc yu`ymufcl bju gjdem{ mg{frf{f`wm{ Ŵ`ym mck/ bujd =; Apov =660 jc|mukw/ kfu`g{fcl {n` m{{mgh f{wòb#25;

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=7># Huw{fČ‖w u`wyjcwfefof{v fw mggpum{òv gnmumg{ùfq`k mw mfkfcl mck me`{{fcll`cjgfk` pckù Mu{fgo` <.=& jb {n` W{m{p{`/ cj{ mw gjdyofgf{v fc l`cjgfk` pckù Mu{fgo`;.7&.`&# [n` gnmul` jb gjdyofgf{v |mw mowj moo`l`k fc {n` fckfg{d`c{/ mw Gjpc{ 5#250

[n` [ufmo Gnmdeù kfk cj{ `c{ù m gjcrfg{fjc jc {nfw gjpc{/ gjcgopkfcl {nm{ UmkfwomrHuw{fČ‖w u`wyjcwfefof{v |mw {nm{ jb m yufcgfymo yùy`{um{ju#252 Mw {n` [ufmo Gnmdeùjewùr`k/ {nù` fw mc jrùomy e`{|``c Mu{fgo` ;.7& mw {n` l`cùmo yujrfwfjc cpdùm{fclypcfwnmeo` bjudw jb ymu{fgfym{fjc fc l`cjgfk` mck Mu{fgo` <.=& mw {n` l`cùmo yujrfwfjcbju gufdfcmo ofmefof{v |nfgn myyof`w {j moo {n` jbb`cg`w ypcfwnmeo` pckù {n` W{m{p{`/fcgopkfcl {n` jbb`cg` jb l`cjgfk`#25< [nù` fw wpyyju{ bju m yjwf{fjc {nm{ Mu{fgo` ;.7&dmv e` {n` dju` wy`gfg yujrfwfjc .o`~ wy`gfmofw& fc uòm{fjc {j Mu{fgo` <.=&#25> [nù` fw/

nj|`rù/ mowj mp{njuf{v fckfgm{fcl {nm{ djk`w jb ymu{fgfym{fjc `cpdùm{`k fc Mu{fgo`<.=& wnjpok e` u`mk/ mw {n` [ufepcmo‖w W{m{p{` kfu`g{w/ fc{j Mu{fgo` ;.7&/ mck wj {n`yujyù gnmumg{ùfqm{fjc jb wpgn fckfrfkpmo‖w gufdfcmo ofmefof{v |jpok e` {nm{ jb mfkfclmck me`{{fcl l`cjgfk`#256

=76# [n` Myy`mow Gnmdeù gjcgopk`w {nm{ {n` om{{ù myyujmgn fw {n` gjuu`g{ jc`fc {nfw gmw`# Mu{fgo` <.=& jb {n` W{m{p{`/ |nfgn mooj|w ofmefof{v {j m{{mgn {j mc mfkù mckme`{{ju/ `~yu`wwov myyof`w {nm{ djk` jb ofmefof{v {j mcv ‟gufd` u`bùu`k {j fc mu{fgo`w 5{j 0 jb {n` yu`w`c{ W{m{p{`/— fcgopkfcl {n` jbb`cg` jb l`cjgfk` yujnfef{`k ev Mu{fgo` ;#E`gmpw` {n` W{m{p{` dpw{ e` fc{ùyu`{`k |f{n {n` p{djw{ u`wy`g{ {j {n` omclpml` pw`kev {n` o`lfwom{ju/ {n` Myy`mow Gnmdeù dmv cj{ gjcgopk` {nm{ {n` gjcw`}p`c{ jrùomy

e`{|``c Mu{fgo` <.=& mck Mu{fgo` ;.7&.`& fw m u`wpo{ jb mc fcmkrù{`cg` jc {n` ymu{ jb {nò`lfwom{ju |nù` mcj{nù `~yomcm{fjc/ gjcwjcmc{ |f{n {n` omclpml` pw`k ev {n` W{m{p{`/fw yjwwfeo`# Fc {nfw gmw`/ {n` {|j yujrfwfjcw gmc e` u`gjcgfo`k/ e`gmpw` {n` {ùdw‟gjdyofgf{v— mck ‟mggjdyofg`— dmv `cgjdymww gjckpg{ eujmkù {nmc {nm{ jb mfkfclmck me`{{fcl#279 Lfr`c {n` W{m{p{`‖w `~yu`ww w{m{`d`c{ fc Mu{fgo` <.=& {nm{ ofmefof{vbju l`cjgfk` pckù Mu{fgo` ; dmv m{{mgn {nujpln {n` djk` jb mfkfcl mck me`{{fcl/Umkfwomr Huw{fČ‖w u`wyjcwfefof{v fw yujyùov gnmumg{ùfq`k mw {nm{ jb mfkfcl mck me`{{fcll`cjgfk`#27=

257 Fefk #/ ymum# 569#

25; Fefk #/ ymum# 7<>#250 Fckfg{d`c{/ ymumw# 5= $ 52# [n` Myy`mow Gnmdeù cj{`w {nm{ {nù` |mw mdyo` kfwgpwwfjc jc {n` fwwp`

jb mfkfcl mck me`{{fcl rùwpw gjdyofgf{v {j l`cjgfk` kpufcl {n` Myy`mow n`mufcl/ fc u`wyjcw` {j }p`w$

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252 [ufmo Apkl`d`c{/ ymumw# 2;5 ‗ 2;;#25< W`` fefk#/ ymum# 2;98 w`` mowj W`dmcqm [ufmo Apkl`d`c{/ ymumw# 76; $ 760 " c# 200#25> W`` W{mhfČ [ufmo Apkl`d`c{/ ymum# 07=8 W{mhfČ K`gfwfjc jc Upo` 6> Efw Dj{fjc bju Apkl`d`c{ jb

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256 W`` W{mhfČ [ufmo Apkl`d`c{/ ymum# 07=8 W{mhfČ K`gfwfjc jc Upo` 6> Efw Dj{fjc bju Apkl`d`c{ jb Mg$

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279 W`` Hucjaòmg Myy`mo Apkl`d`c{/ ymum# <9 .‟[n` Myy`mow Gnmdeù cj{`w uw{ jb moo {nm{/ fc {n`

gmw`$om| jb {n` [ufepcmo • {nfw {ùd ₧mggjdyofg`Ě nmw kfbbù`c{ d`mcfclw k`y`ckfcl jc {n` gjc{`~{mck dmv u`bù {j m gj$yùy`{um{ju ju mc mfkù mck me`{{ju #—& .gf{fcl [mkfČ Myy`mo Apkl`d`c{/ ymumw#

559/ 556&#

27= Fc {nfw Myy`mo/ {n` Myy`mow Gnmdeù fw gjcgùc`k wjoòv |f{n {n` myyofgm{fjc {j Mu{fgo` ;.7& jb jcov



=66

X•T=;;# [n` Myy`mow Gnmdeù‖w `~mdfcm{fjc jb Umkfwomr Huw{fČ‖w ymu{fgfym{fjc fc{n` gufd` jb l`cjgfk` nmw fdyofgm{fjcw bju nfw gufdfcmo u`wyjcwfefof{v bju {n` dpukùw

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jb |mu/ mck bju `~{ùdfcm{fjc mck yùw`gp{fjc pckù Mu{fgo` 0/ moo jb |nfgn mufw`

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m yufcgfymo gj$yùy`{um{ju#

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2;7 K`b`cw` U`wyjcw` {j Yujw`gp{fjc Myy`mo Euf`b/ ymum# =99#

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Apkl` Wnmnmepkk``c kfww`c{fcl/ Umkfwomr Huw{fČ lpfo{v jb mfkfcl mck me`{{fcl l`cjgfk`8

U@WJOR@W {nm{ {n` [ufmo Gnmdeù fcgjuu`g{ov kfwmooj|`k Umkfwomr Huw{fČ‖w gjcrfg{fjcwmw m ymu{fgfymc{ fc `~{ùdfcm{fjc mck yùw`gp{fjc .Gjpc{w 7 mck 2& gjddf{{`k e`{|``c

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me`{{ju fc `~{ùdfcm{fjc mck yùw`gp{fjc mw gufd`w mlmfcw{ npdmcf{v8

W@[W MWFK@/ Apkl` Wnmnmepkk``c kfww`c{fcl/ Umkfwomr Huw{fČ‖w gjcrfg{fjc mwm ymu{fgfymc{ fc dpukù pckù Mu{fgo` 7 .Gjpc{ 0& gjddf{{`k e`{|``c =7 mck =6 Apov

=660/ mck BFCKW/ Apkl` Wnmnmepkk``c kfww`c{fcl/ Umkfwomr Huw{fČ lpfo{v jb mfkfclmck me`{{fcl dpukù mw m rfjom{fjc jb {n` om|w ju gpw{jdw jb |mu8

MBBFUDW Umkfwomr Huw{fČ‖w gjcrfg{fjcw mw m ymu{fgfymc{ fc dpukù mw m rfjom{fjc jb {n` om|w ju gpw{jdw jb |mu .Gjpc{ 0& mck fc yùw`gp{fjc .Gjpc{ 2& gjddf{{`k e`{|``c

=9 mck =7 Apov =660 fc Yj{jĄmuf8

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Huw{fČ‖w gjcrfg{fjcw fc moo j{nù u`wy`g{w8

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yùfjk Umkfwomr Huw{fČ nmw mou`mkv wy`c{ fc k`{`c{fjc/ {nm{ fw bujd 7 K`g`deù =66>{j {n` yu`w`c{ kmv8

srebrenica kroz minula stoljeća, knjiga 1 [dr. adib Đozić, dr. edin mutapčić i mr. rusmir...

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