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Springer Series in Advanced Manufacturing

Other titles in this series

Assembly Line DesignB. Rekiek and A. Delchambre

Effective Resource Management in Manufacturing Systems:Optimization Algorithms in Production PlanningCaramia and Dell’Olmo

Condition Monitoring and Control for Intelligent ManufacturingWang and Gao (Eds.)Publication due: January 2006

Hoda A. ElMaraghy and Waguih H. ElMaraghy (Eds.)

Advances in Design

With 264 Figures

123

Hoda A. ElMaraghy, BSc, MEng, PhD, PEng, FSME, FCSMEWaguih H. ElMaraghy, BSc, MEng, PhD, PEng, FASME, FCSME

Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS) CentreDepartment of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering (IMSE)Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of WindsorWindsorOntarioN9B 3P4Canada

Series Editor:Professor D. T. PhamIntelligent Systems LaboratoryWDA Centre of Enterprise inManufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Wales CardiffPO Box 688Newport RoadCardiffCF2 3ETUK

British Library Cataloguing in Publication DataAdvances in design. - (Springer series in advanced

manufacturing)1. Engineering design 2. Engineering design - Data processingI. ElMaraghy, H.A. II. ElMaraghy, W. H.620’.0042

ISBN-10: 1846280044

Library of Congress Control Number: 2005933475

Springer Series in Advanced Manufacturing ISSN 1860-5168ISBN-10: 1-84628-004-4 e-ISBN 1-84628-210-1 Printed on acid-free paperISBN-13: 978-1-84628-004-7

© Springer-Verlag London Limited 2006

Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, aspermitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced,stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of thepublishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issuedby the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should besent to the publishers.

The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence ofa specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations and thereforefree for general use.

The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the infor-mation contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors oromissions that may be made.

Printed in Germany

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Springer Science+Business Mediaspringeronline.com

v

Preface

Engineering design encompasses a wide range of activities whose goal is to determine all attributes of a product before it is manufactured. Design research that produces a scientific foundation and helps in the development of new design methods and tools for consumer products as well as for the manufacturing systems that produce these products is a pre-requisite for industrial innovation.

Engineering design research and practice, particularly using systematic and tested methodologies contribute to the industrial innovation of nations by reducing reliance on outdated methods in design practice. It is important to educate a new generation of engineering graduates knowledgeable of good design methods and practices while fostering and developing their creativity. As such design engineering is an enabler for competitive advantage that can fuel the engine of economic growth and wealth creation.

A main theme of this book on Advances in Design emphasizes that the advances in computer technology and the exponential growth of the Internet have created opportunities for local and global communication which were never before possible. The book highlights contributions in the areas of design theories, principles and methodologies, their practical application, the development of computational tools to support distributed design and manufacturing and the whole product life cycle in a changing world.

In the current globally integrated industrial environment it is important to highlight the need for a holistic approach that deals with the entire system, as well as its components. Improvements in individual disciplines/methods are necessary, but not sufficient to effect the improvements in products and processes needed in the future. System level synthesis, analysis, and optimization tools are required. Important aspects for the foreseeable future are advances in collaborative design tools and techniques, functional design knowledge, design synthesis, analysis and optimization, human aspects, system integration tools, design frameworks, information support systems and integration with manufacturing activities. Greater demand for product efficiency, reliability, quality, compactness, variety and customization combined with life-cycle considerations and lower time to market, less cost, and better utilization of energy and natural resources are needed.

vi Preface

The discussion of leading edge research work is organized in this book on Advances in Design, in nine Chapters: Next Generation Design; Design Knowledge and Functional Design; Innovative and Conceptual Design; Design Frameworks; Design Management; Product Life Cycle; Collaborative Engineering Design; Design Intent and Tolerancing; and Modeling and Design for Manufacturing.

This book on Advances in Design is directed at three constituencies: researchers, design practitioners, and educators. Researchers will find latest research results in product design and design methodologies. Design professionals and practitioners will find the current state of engineering design practice, new approaches, methods and their applications. It is also important for educators to include the latest advances and methodologies for design curricula.

We acknowledge the contributions of all authors to this book, and those colleagues who assisted with the review of the original papers submitted and presented at the CIRP (International College of Production Engineering Research) Design Conference in May 2004. This book includes edited selected papers from that Conference.

Hoda ElMaraghy

Waguih ElMaraghy

London, Canada, April 2005

Contents

Part I Next Generation Design

1 Economic Growth, Business Innovation and Engineering Design ... 3 G. Sohlenius, L. Clausson, A. Kjellberg

2 Directions of Next Generation Product Development ..................... 27 T. Tomiyama, B. R. Meijer

3 ‘What-if’ Design as an Integrative Method in Product Design....... 37 F.J.A.M. van Houten, E. Lutters

4 Self Organization in Design ............................................................... 49 B. R. Meijer

5 Towards a Design Methodology for Self-optimizing Systems......... 61 J. Gausemeier, U. Frank, A. Schmidt, D. Steffen

Part II Design Knowledge and Functional Design

6 Reusing Design Knowledge................................................................ 75 S. Ahmed, K.M. Wallace

7 Structural and Functional Analysis for Assemblies ........................ 87 H. Falgarone, N. Chevassus

8 Knowledge Management for a Cooperative Design System............ 97 S. Tichkiewitch, B. Radulescu, G. Dragoï, K. Pimapunsri

List of Contributors.............................................................................................xiii

vii

viii Contents

Part III Innovative and Conceptual Design

9 AdaptEx: Extending Product Life Cycles through Strategic Product Upgrades ............................................................................. 111

J.C. Sand, P. Gu

10 Product Genetic Engineering............................................................ 121 K. Huang, H. Chen, Y. Wang, Z. Song, L. Lv

11 Gene Engineering-based Innovation of Manufactured Products . 133 K.-Z. Chen, X.-A. Feng, X.-C. Chen

12 Use of Constraint Programming for Design................................... 145 B. Yannou, G. Harmel

13 Model Infrastructures and Human Interaction in a Stereo Table Environment........................................................................... 159 T. Kjellberg, C. Lindfors, M. Larsson, J. Gustafsson

14 Inventive Design Applied to Injection Molding ............................. 169 T. Eltzer, D. Cavallucci, N. Khomenkho, P. Lutz, E. Caillaud

Part IV Design Frameworks

15 Supporting Problem Expression within a Co-evolutionary Design Framework ........................................................................... 185 P. Lonchampt, G. Prudhomme,D. Brissaud

16 A Four-stage Approximation Strategy for the Exploration of a Mechanical Concept ......................................................................... 195

B. Yannou, A. Hamdi, E. Landel

17 A Framework of Product Styling Platform Using Case-based Styling Indexing ................................................................................. 209

Dr. R.Y.K. Fung

18 A Systematic Design Approach for Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems ................................................................... 219

A. Deif, W. ElMaraghy

19 Crosstalk: Collaborative Framework for Electro-mechanical Product Design ................................................................................. 229 M. Montero, N. Vargas, P. Wright, J. Shah

Contents ix

20 Integrated Architecture of Geometric Models and Design Intentions ......................................................................................... 243 K. Takeuchi, A. Tsumaya, H. Wakamatsu, K. Shirase, E. Arai

Part V Design Management

21 Management of Engineering Design Process in Collaborative Situation ............................................................................................ 257

V. Robin, B. Rose, P. Girard, M. Lombard

22 Requirements Management for the Extended Automotive Enterprise ..........................................................................................269

R. Roy, C.I.V. Kerr, P.J. Sackett

23 Federated Product Data Management in Multi-company Projects ............................................................................................. 281 H.J. Pels

24 STEP PLCS for Design and In-service Product Data Management ................................................................................... 293 R. Sharma, J. Gao

25 Value Chain Structure and Correlation Between Design Structure Matrices............................................................................ 303

M. Cantamessa, M. Milanesio, E. Operti

26 Integration of Cost Models in Design and Manufacturing ........... 315 N. Perry, M. Mauchand, A. Bernard

Part VI Product Life Cycle

27 Life Cycle Product Support in the Digital Age .............................. 327 J. Niemann, E. Westkämper

28 Total Quality Management and Process Modeling for PLM in SME ............................................................................................ 339

U. Cugini, A. Ramelli, C. Rizzi, M. Ugolotti

29 Selection and Evaluation of PLM Tools for Competitive Product Development...................................................................................... 351 M. Benassi, M. Bordegoni, U. Cugini, G. Cascini

x Contents

Part VII Collaborative Engineering Design

30 Efficient Product Data Sharing in Collaboration Life Cycles ....... 365 F.-L. Krause, H. Hayka, B. Pasewaldt

31 Design Iterations in a Geographically Distributed Design Process .............................................................................................. 377

T. Boudouh, D.-C. Anghel, O. Garro

32 A Cluster-based Approach for Collaborative Design Process Analysis.............................................................................................. 387

R. M. Khah, E. Ostrosi, O. Garro

33 Workspaces and Cooperation Notions in the Design Process ....... 401 E. Pena, D. Choulier, O. Garro

34 Pitfalls of Engineering Change - Change Practice during Complex Product Design.................................................................. 413

T. Jarratt, C. Eckert, P.J. Clarkson

35 Modeling of Manufacturing Process Complexity .......................... 425 R. J. Urbanic, W. ElMaraghy

36 Human Modeling in Industrial Design ........................................... 437 M. Shahrokhi, M. Pouliquen, A. Bernard

Part VIII Design Intent and Tolerancing

37 On the Merging of Geometric Models Based on Hierarchical Context .............................................................................................. 451 J.A. Knowlton, M.J. Wozny

38 Haptic Virtual Prototyping for Design and Assessment of Gear-shifts ......................................................................................... 461

M. Tideman, M.C. van der Voort, F.J.A.M. van Houten

39 Predicting Design Quality through Sensitivity Modeling.............. 473 L. Laperrière, W. Ghie, A. Desrochers

40 Computer Aided Tolerancing - Solver and Post Processor Analysis.............................................................................................. 487 S. Samper, J.P. Petit, M. Giordano

Contents xi

41 A New Method for Integrated Design and Tolerancing ................ 499 P. Hernandez, M. Giordano, G. Legrais

42 Contact and Channel Model for Pairs of Working Surfaces ........ 511 A. Albers, N. Burkardt, M. Ohmer

Part IX Modeling and Design for Manufacturing

43 Manufacturing-driven Design of Sculptured Surfaces.................. 523 A. Barari, H. ElMaraghy

44 Extended Design for X for Digital Consumer Products ................ 535 K. Ohtomi

45 Development of Integrated Design System for Structural Design of Machine Tools .................................................................. 547

M.-W. Park, Y.-T. Sohn

46 The Structured Design of a Reconfigurable Control Process ....... 559 E. ElBeheiry, W. ElMaraghy, H. ElMaraghy

Subject Index ...................................................................................................... 573

List of Contributors

S. Ahmed Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 404, Lyngby, DK-2800, Denmark. [email protected]

A. Albers MKL Institut fur Maschinenkonstruktionslehre, Universitat Karlsruhe Geb/ 10.23 Raum 807 Kaiserstrasse 12, Karlsruhe, 76128, Germany. [email protected]

D.C. Anghel M3M Laboratory Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbéliard 90010 Belfort Cedex, France. [email protected]

E. Arai Department of Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Osaka-shi, Osaka-fu, 565-0871, Japan. [email protected]

A. Barari Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS) Centre, Faculty of Engineering, University of Windsor, 204 Odette Bldg., 401 Sunset Ave. Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada. [email protected]

M. Benassi Politecnico di Milano Via La Masa, 34 Milano, I-20158, Italy. [email protected]

A. Bernard Institut de Recherche en Communications et Cybernetique de Nantes (IRCCyN), Ecole Centrale de Nantes, 1, rue de la Noë, BP 92101 Nantes, Cedex 3, 44321, France. [email protected]

M. Bordegoni Politecnico di Milano Via La Masa, 34 Milano, I-20158, Italy. [email protected]

T. Boudouh M3M Laboratory, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbéliard,

xiii

xiv List of Contributors

Belfort, Belfort Cedex, 90010, France. [email protected]

D. Brissaud Laboratoire 3S (Sols, Solides, Structures), University of Grenoble, BP 53 Grenoble Cedex 9, 38041, France. [email protected]

N. Burkardt MKL Institut fur Maschinenkonstruktionslehre, Universitat Karlsruhe, Geb/ 10.23 Raum 807 Kaiserstrasse 12, Karlsruhe, 76128, Germany. [email protected]

E. CaillaudLICIA, INSA - Strasbourg 24 Boulevard de la Victoire Strasbourg, 67084 Cedex, France. [email protected]

M. Cantamessa Departimento di Sistemi di Produzione ed Economia dell'Azienda, Politecnico di Torino, Corsco Duca degli Abruzzi 24-I, Torino, 10129, Italy. [email protected]

D. Cavallucci Laboratoire d'Ingenierie de Conceptioin, Cognition, Intelligence Artificielle - Institut National des Sciences Appliquees (LICIA-INSA) Strasbourg, 24 Boulevard de la Victoire, Strasbourg, 67084 Cedex, France. [email protected]

H. Chen Shandong University

1 Key CAD Lab., No73, Jingshi Rd. Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China. [email protected]

K.Z. Chen Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China. [email protected]

X.C. Chen School of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University 1882, West Yan-An Road, Shanghai, 200051, China. [email protected]

N. Chevassus Corporate Research Center, European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company Corporate Research Centre (EADS CCR), 12 rue Pasteur BP 76,Suresnes Cedex, 92152, France. [email protected]

D. Choulier Laboratoire M3M (EA 3318), CID, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbéliard, Belfort, Belfort Cedex, 90010, France. [email protected]

P.J. Clarkson Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Engineering Design Centre, Trumpington St. Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, U.K..

L. Clausson Dept. of Production Engineering School of Industrial Engineering and Management, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

List of Contributors xv

Brinellvagen 66 SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden. [email protected] [email protected]

U. Cugini Dipartimento di Meccanica, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, Milano, 20156, Italy. [email protected]

A. Deif Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS) Centre, Faculty of Engineering, University of Windsor, 204 Odette Bldg., 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada. [email protected]

A. Desrochers Universite de Sherbrooke 2500, boul. de l'Universite Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1K 2R1, Canada. [email protected]

G. Dragoi Universitatea Politehnica din Bucuresti, 313 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest sector 6, 77206 Romania. [email protected]

C. Eckert Department of Engineering, Cambridge Engineering Design Centre, University of Cambridge, Trumpington St. Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, U.K.

E. ElBeheiry Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS) Centre, Faculty of Engineering, University of Windsor, 204 Odette Bldg., 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada. [email protected]

H. ElMaraghy Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS) Centre, Faculty of Engineering, University of Windsor, 204 Odette Bldg., 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada. [email protected]

W. ElMaraghy Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS) Centre, Faculty of Engineering, University of Windsor, 204 Odette Bldg., 401 Sunset Ave., Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada. [email protected]

T. Eltzer Laboratoire d'Ingenierie de Conceptioin, Cognition, Intelligence Artificielle - Institut National des Sciences Appliquees (LICIA-INSA) Strasbourg 24 Boulevard de la Victoire, Strasbourg, 67084 Cedex, France. [email protected]

H. Falgarone European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company Corporate Research Centre (EADS CCR), Corporate Research Center, 12 rue Pasteur BP 76 Suresnes Cedex, 92152, France. [email protected]

X.A. Feng School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Dalian Liaoning Province, 116024, China. [email protected]

U. Frank Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Fürstenallee 11, Dr. Roerig-Damm 98, Paderborn, D-33102, Germany.

xvi List of Contributors

[email protected]

R.Y.K. Fung City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. [email protected]

G. Cascini Dipartimento di Meccanica e Tecnologie Industriali, University of Florence, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, via S.Marta, 3 Firenze, FI, 50139, Italy. [email protected]

J. Gao LSC Group, Cranfield University Cranfield, Bedford, MK43 OAL, U.K. [email protected]

O. Garro M3M Laboratory, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbéliard Belfort, Belfort Cedex, 90010, France. [email protected]

J. Gausemeier Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Fürstenallee 11, Dr. Roerig-Damm 98, Paderborn, D-33102, Germany. [email protected]

W. Ghie Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Des Forges Blvd. Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, G9A5H7, Canada. [email protected]

M. Giordano Universite de Savoie Laboratoire de Mécanique Appliquée (LMécA) ESIA, Domaine

Universitaire, BP 806, Annecy Cedex, 74016, France. [email protected]

P. Girard Laboratoire LAP GRAI, UMR 5131 CNRS, Universite Bordeaux I Cours de la Liberation, 351, France. [email protected]

P. Gu Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Calgary Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada. [email protected]

J. Gustafsson Royal Institute of Technology - KTH Brinellvagen 66 Stockholm, SE 100 44, Sweden. [email protected]

A. Hamdi Laboratoire Génie Industriel, Ecole Centrale Paris, Grande voie des vignes, F92295 Chatenay, Malabry Cedex, France. [email protected]

G. Harmel Laboratoire Génie Industriel Ecole Centrale Paris, F92295 Chatenay, Malabry, France. [email protected]

H. Hayka Systems and Design Technology, Fraunhofer Institute for Production Pascalstrasse 8-9 Berlin, D-10587, Germany. [email protected]

P. Hernandez Universite de Savoie LMecA, Ecole Superieure d'Ingenieurs d'Annecy, 5, Chemin de

List of Contributors xvii

Bellevue, Annecy Le Vieux, BP 806, Annecy Cedex, 74016, France. [email protected]

K.Z. Huang Shandong University 1 Key CAD Lab., No73, Jingshi Rd. Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China. [email protected]

T.A.W. Jarratt Cambridge Engineering Design Centre, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge Trumpington St. Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, U.K. [email protected]

C.I.V. Kerr Enterprise Integration, School of Industrial and Manufacturing Science, Cranfield University Building 53, Cranfield, Bedford, England, MK43 0AL, U.K.. [email protected]

N. Khomenko Laboratoire d'Ingenierie de Conceptioin, Cognition, Intelligence Artificielle - Institut National des Sciences Appliquees (LICIA-INSA) Strasbourg 24 Boulevard de la Victoire, Strasbourg, 67084 Cedex, France. [email protected]

A. Kjellberg Royal Institute of Technology - KTH Osterskarsvagen 84, Osterskar, Stockholms Län, 18451, Sweden. [email protected]

T. Kjellberg Royal Institute of Technology - KTH Brinellvagen 66

Stockholm, SE 100 44, Sweden. [email protected]

J.A. Knowlton Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), USA 1213 Jefferson Pike Knoxville, MD, 20817, USA. [email protected]

F.L. Krause Systems and Design Technology, Fraunhofer Institute for Production, Pascalstrasse 8-9 Berlin, D-10587, Germany. [email protected]

E. Landel Génie Industriel, Laboratoire Grande voie des vignes, Ecole Centrale Paris, F92295 Chatenay, Malabry Cedex, France. [email protected]

L. Laperrière Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Des Forges Blvd Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, G9A 5H7, Canada. [email protected]

M. Larsson Royal Institute of Technology - KTH Brinellvagen 66 Stockholm, SE 100 44, Sweden. [email protected]

G. Legrais Universite de Savoie LMecA, Ecole Superieure d'Ingenieurs d'Annecy, 5, Chemin de Bellevue, Annecy Le Vieux, BP 806, Annecy Cedex, 74016, France. [email protected]

C. Lindfors Royal Institute of Technology - KTH

xviii List of Contributors

Brinellvagen 66 Stockholm, SE 100 44, Sweden. [email protected]

M. Lombard CRAN-UMR 7039 Faculy of Sciences and Techniques - BP 239, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, Lorraine, 54506, France. [email protected]

P. Lonchampt Laboratoire 3S (Sols, Solides, Structures), BP 53, University of Grenoble, Grenoble Cedex 9, 38041, France. [email protected]

E. Lutters University of Twente CTW Z202, P.O. Box 217, AE Enschede, 7500, The Netherlands. [email protected]

P. Lutz LAB, University Université de Franche Comté 24 Rue Alain Savary Besancon, 25000, France. [email protected]

L. Lv Shandong University 1 Key CAD Lab., No73, Jingshi Rd. Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China. [email protected]

M. Mauchand Institut de Recherche en Communications et Cybernetique de Nantes (IRCCyN), Ecole Centrale de Nantes, 1, rue de la Noë, BP 92101 Nantes, Cedex 3, 44321, France. [email protected]

B.R. Meijer Department of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, Delft, CD Delft, 2628, The Netherlands. [email protected]

M. Milanesio Departimento di Sistemi di Produzione ed Economia dell'Azienda, Politecnico di Torino Corsco Duca degli Abruzzi 24-I, Torino, 10129, Italy. [email protected]

M. Montero Mechanical Engineering Berkeley Manufacturing Institute, University of California at Berkeley 2111 Etcheverry Hall Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [email protected]

R. Movahed Khah Laboratoire de Recherche M3M Université de Technologie Belfort-Montébliard Belfort, Belfort Cedex, 90010, France. [email protected]

J. Niemann University of Stuttgart, Fraunhofer IPA, Nobelstrasse 12 Stuttgart, 70569, Germany. [email protected]

M. Ohmer MKL Institut fur Maschinenkonstruktionslehre, Universitat Karlsruhe, Geb/ 10.23 Raum 807 Kaiserstrasse 12, Karlsruhe, 76128, Germany. [email protected]

List of Contributors xix

K. Ohtomi Corporate Research & Development Center, Toshiba Corporation 1, Komukai-Toshiba-cho, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki, 212-8582, Japan. [email protected]

E. Operti Departimento di Sistemi di Produzione ed Economia dell'Azienda, Politecnico di Torino Corsco Duca degli Abruzzi 24-I, Torino, 10129, Italy. [email protected]

E. Ostrosi Laboratoire de Recherche M3M, Université de Technologie Belfort-Montébliard, Belfort, Belfort Cedex, 90010, France. [email protected]

M. Paouliquen Institut de Recherche en Communications et Cybernetique de Nantes (IRCCyN), Ecole Centrale de Nantes, 1, rue de la Noë, BP 92101 Nantes, Cedex 3, 44321, France. [email protected]

M.W. Park CADCAM Research Centre, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hawolgok, Sungbuk, Seoul, 136-791, Korea. [email protected]

B. Pasewaldt Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology Pascalstrasse 8-9 Berlin, D-10587, Germany. [email protected]

H.J. Pels Technische Universiteit Eindhoven TM-I&T, Postus 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands. [email protected]

E. Pena Laboratoire M3M (EA 3318), CID, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbéliard Belfort, Belfort Cedex, 90010, France. [email protected]

N. Perry Institut de Recherche en Communications et Cybernetique de Nantes (IRCCyN), Ecole Centrale de Nantes, 1, rue de la Noë, BP 92101 Nantes, Cedex 3, 44321, France. [email protected]

J.P. Petit Laboratoire de Mécanique Appliquée (LMécA) ESIA, Universite de Savoie, 806, Annecy Cedex, 74016, France. [email protected]

K. Pinapunsri Faculty Laboratoire 3S (Sols, Solides, Structures), Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, Domaine Universitaire, BP 53 Grenoble Cedex 9, 38041, France. [email protected]

G. Prudhomme Laboratoire 3S (Sols, Solides, Structures), University of Grenoble, BP 53 Grenoble Cedex 9, 38041, France. [email protected]

B. Radulescu Faculty Laboratoire 3S (Sols, Solides, Structures), Institut National

xx List of Contributors

Polytechnique de Grenoble, Domaine Universitaire, BP 53 Grenoble Cedex 9, 38041, France. [email protected]

A. Ramelli Dipartimento di Meccanica, Politecnico di Milano Via La Masa 34, Milano, 20156, Italy. [email protected]

C. Rizzi Universita Bergamo Viale A. Marloni, 5 24044 Dalmine (B6), Italy. [email protected]

V. Robin Laboratoire LAP GRAI, UMR 5131 CNRS, Universite Bordeaux I Cours de la Liberation, 351, France. [email protected]

B. Rose CRAN-UMR 7039 Faculy of Sciences and Techniques - BP 239, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, Lorraine, 54506, France. [email protected]

R. Roy Enterprise Integration, School of Industrial and Manufacturing Science, Cranfield University Building 53, Cranfield, Bedford, England, MK43 0AL, U.K.. [email protected]

P.J. Sackett Enterprise Integration, School of Industrial and Manufacturing Science, Cranfield University Building 53,

Cranfield, Bedford, England, MK43 0AL, U.K.. [email protected]

S. Samper Laboratoire de Mécanique Appliquée (LMécA) ESIA, Universite de Savoie, Domaine Universitaire, BP 806, Annecy Cedex, 74016, France. [email protected]

J.C. Sand VECO Canada Ltd., 401 - 9th Avenue SW Calgary, Alberta, T2P 3C5, Canada. [email protected]

A. Schmidt Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Fürstenallee 11, Dr. Roerig-Damm 98, Paderborn, D-33102, Germany. [email protected]

J. Shah Fulton School of Engineering Arizona State University Tempe, AZ, 96398-6106, USA. [email protected]

M. Shahrokhi Institut de Recherche en Communications et Cybernetique de Nantes (IRCCyN), Ecole Centrale de Nantes, 1, rue de la Noë, BP 92101 Nantes, Cedex 3, 44321, France. [email protected]

R. Sharma LSC Group, Cranfield University Cranfield, Bedford, MK43 OAL, U.K. [email protected]

List of Contributors xxi

K. Shirase Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1,rokkoudai,nada-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyougo-ken, 657-8501, Japan. [email protected]

G. Sohlenius Royal Institute of Technology - KTH Osterskarsvagen 84, Osterskar, Stockholms Län, 18451, Sweden. [email protected]

Y.T. Sohn CADCAM Research Centre, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hawolgok, SungbukSeoul, 136-791, Korea. [email protected]

Z. Song Shandong University 1 Key CAD Lab., No73, Jingshi Rd. Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China. [email protected]

D. Steffen Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Fürstenallee 11, Dr. Roerig-Damm 98, Paderborn, D-33102, Germany. [email protected]

K. Takeuchi Fujitsu info Software technologies Ltd., The second development division, The second development department Project Director, Southpot Shizuoka Bldg,18-1,Minami-cyo,suruga-ku, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka-ken, 422-8572, Japan. [email protected], [email protected]

S. Tichkiewitch Faculty Laboratoire 3S (Sols, Solides, Structures), Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, Domaine Universitaire, BP 53 Grenoble Cedex 9, 38041, France. [email protected]

M. Tideman Laboratory of Design, Production & Management, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands. [email protected]

T. Tomiyama Department of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, Delft, CD Delft, 2628, The Netherlands. [email protected]

A. Tsumaya Department of Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1,Yamadaoka Osaka-shi, Osaka-fu, 565-0871, Japan. [email protected]

M. Ugolotti Dipartimento di Meccanica, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34 Milano, 20156, Italy. [email protected]

R.J. Urbanic Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS) Centre, Faculty of Engineering, University of Windsor, 204 Odette Bldg., 401 Sunset Ave.

xxii List of Contributors

Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada. [email protected]

M.C. van der Voort Laboratory of Design, Production & Management, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands. [email protected]

F.J.A.M. van Houten Laboratory of Design, Production & Management, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands. [email protected]

N. Vargas Fulton School of Engineering Arizona State University Tempe, AZ, 96398-6106, USA. [email protected]

H. Wakamatsu Department of Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1,Yamadaoka, Osaka-shi, Osaka-fu, 565-0871, Japan. [email protected]

K.M. Wallace Engineering Design Centre, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB3 0HH, U.K.

Y. Wang Shandong University 1 Key CAD Lab., No73, Jingshi Rd. Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China. [email protected]

E. Westkämper Fraunhofer IPA, University of Stuttgart, Nobelstrasse 12, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany. [email protected]

M.J. Wozny Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), USA 1213 Jefferson Pike Knoxville, MD, 20817, USA. [email protected]

P. Wright Mechanical Engineering Dept., University of California, 5133 Etcheverry Hall Berkeley, CA 94720-1740, USA. [email protected]

B. Yannou Laboratoire Génie Industriel Grande voie des vignes, Ecole Centrale Paris, F92295 Chatenay, Malabry Cedex, France. [email protected]

L. Yi Shandong University 1 Key CAD Lab., No73, Jingshi Rd. Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China. [email protected]