spreadsheets and non- spatial databases unit 4: module 15, lecture 1- spreadsheet software

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Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

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Page 1: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Spreadsheets and Non-Spatial Databases

Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Page 2: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s2

Spreadsheets

A spreadsheet is a collection of data organized in tables of columns and rows.

Data entered can included almost anything: measurements names numbers commentary formulas, etc.

Site Date/Time Depth Temp pH EC25 DO DOSat Turbmeters ° C uS/cm mg/L @temp NTU

IceLake 9/11/2004 12:08 3.9 18.9 8.3 123.1 6.3 70 9.7IceLake 9/11/2004 12:10 4.8 18.6 8.3 123.6 5.8 64 11.1IceLake 9/11/2004 12:12 5.8 18 8.1 125.2 5.42 59 9.8IceLake 9/11/2004 12:13 6.8 16 7.9 131 3.54 37 10.9IceLake 9/11/2004 12:15 7.9 12.6 7.6 139.2 1.13 11 10.1IceLake 9/11/2004 12:16 8.8 9.8 7.5 146.8 0.76 7.6 12.5IceLake 9/11/2004 12:16 9.9 8.3 7.3 146.6 0.57 5 18.8IceLake 9/11/2004 12:18 10.8 7.6 7.2 148.8 0.37 3.2 11.8IceLake 9/11/2004 18:03 1 19.9 8.3 122.3 5.89 66.7 11.9IceLake 9/11/2004 18:05 1.9 19.7 8.3 123.2 6.3 71.1 8.8IceLake 9/11/2004 18:07 2.9 19 8.3 123.2 6.52 72.5 9.4IceLake 9/11/2004 18:08 3.9 18.9 8.3 123 6.25 69.3 9IceLake 9/11/2004 18:10 4.8 18.6 8.3 123.5 6.03 66.5 9.1IceLake 9/11/2004 18:11 5.8 18.2 8.2 124.3 5.54 60.7 9IceLake 9/11/2004 18:13 6.8 16.3 7.9 130.6 3.67 38.6 9.1IceLake 9/11/2004 18:14 7.9 12.6 7.6 140.8 1.5 14.6 10.2IceLake 9/11/2004 18:15 8.9 10.4 7.5 144.4 0.99 9.1 11.4IceLake 9/11/2004 18:16 9.9 8.6 7.4 145.2 0.67 5.9 10.5IceLake 9/11/2004 18:18 10.8 8.2 7.3 146.5 0.4 3.5 14.3IceLake 9/12/2004 0:04 1.1 19.3 8.2 122.5 5.41 60.5 11.1IceLake 9/12/2004 0:07 1.9 19.6 8.2 122.9 5.09 57.3 9.4IceLake 9/12/2004 0:12 3.1 19 8.3 123.2 6.01 66.8 8.9IceLake 9/12/2004 6:03 1.1 19.1 8.2 122.9 5.39 60.1 9.9IceLake 9/12/2004 6:06 2.1 19.2 8.2 123.1 5.98 66.8 8.7

Page 3: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s3

Software options

Spreadsheets can be created using: Microsoft Excel Corel Quattro Pro Lotus 1-2-3 Many other options

Page 4: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s4

Microsoft Excel Basics

Each Excel workbook is organized into a series of worksheets (spreadsheets)

Every electronic spreadsheet is organized into rows and columns.

The intersection of each row and column forms a box called a cell. Cell D4 is in column D, row 4

Three types of information can be entered into each cell. Text Number Formula

column

rowcell D4

worksheet

Page 5: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s5

Microsoft Excel Basics

If a number entered is displayed differently than entered Select cell (left click) Right click

Select format cell Choose:

Category: number, text, date, etc.

Type: style, significant digits, etc.

Page 6: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s6

Microsoft Excel Basics

If a number entered displays as (####), this means it is too large for the row or column. Highlight column or row Select Format from menu bar

Select column or row auto-fit selection

Page 7: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s7

Microsoft Excel Basics

Data should be organized into a table when entered Clear titles for columns

should be included Include measurement

units

Page 8: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s8

Microsoft Excel Basics

In order to move data around it may be necessary to cut/copy and paste Copy/Cut

Highlight the data to be copied or cut using the mouse.

Right click and select copy or cut

Shortcut: ctrl + c (copy) ctrl + x (cut)

Paste Highlight the destination

cell using the mouse Right click and select

paste Shortcut: ctrl +v

Page 9: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s9

Microsoft Excel Basics

Sometimes data may be entered out of order or needs to be organized Highlight the data to be

sorted Use the Sort feature under

the data menu Organize by column

Ascending or Descending

Text will be organized alphabetically

Numbers will be organized numerically

Page 10: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s10

Microsoft Excel Basics

Formatting borders for display/printing

Select table Right click Select format Click on borders tab Select borders to be

shown Alternative:

Select area to print Select print preview from

file menu Select setup Click on sheet tab Check the box marked

gridlines under the print subtitle

Page 11: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s11

Microsoft Excel Basics

Helpful shortcuts When entering data if the

same number, formula or text is repeated several times using the fill command is helpful Fill right

Highlight the cells to be filled

Select Fill Right from edit menu

Shortcut: Ctrl + r Fill down

Highlight the cells to be filled

Select Fill Down from edit menu

Shortcut: Ctrl + d

Page 12: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s12

Microsoft Excel Basics

It is possible to do the following to an entire column or row by right clicking on the column or row heading: Insert Delete Cut/Copy Paste Clear contents

Page 13: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s13

Microsoft Excel Basics

Operations on the entire worksheet Rename, Insert,

delete, move or copy Preserves data in its

original form while allowing changes to be made in the copy.

Useful when combining data from separate projects

Simply right click on the worksheet name

And select desired option

Page 14: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s14

Microsoft Excel Basics

Entering Formulas Excel formulas always

start with an equal sign (=)

Point to the 1st cell Enter the “operator”

add (+), subtract (-), multiply (*), divide (/).

Point to the 2nd cell Hit “Enter” or move off

cell The answer magically

appears!

Page 15: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s15

Microsoft Excel Basics

Basic statistical functions Summation

=sum (selected range) Average

=average (range) Median

=median (range) Standard Deviation

=stdev (range) Many other statistical

functions are also available Enter formula name,

then highlight range of values

Page 16: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s16

Microsoft Excel Basics

Creating Charts and Graphs First step is to decide what

data to graph Highlight the data to be

graphed Select the chart icon in

the tool bar or select insert from menu bar and select chart

Follow the steps in the chart wizard

Page 17: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s17

Microsoft Excel Basics

Chart Wizard-Step 1 Select Chart Type

Column, line, bar, etc. Select Chart Sub-type Click Next

Page 18: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s18

Microsoft Excel Basics

Chart Wizard-Step 2 Chart Source Data-

Displays image of graph If incorrect

Try another graph type. Try changing columns

to rows. Try clicking on series

and reselecting source data.

Once the graph displays correctly, click Next

Page 19: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s19

Microsoft Excel Basics

Chart Wizard-Step 3 Chart Options

Titles Give graph a title and

name each of the axis, including units

Legend Choose to show or hide Choose where on the

graph it is to be displayed

Other options available for formatting Axes, gridlines and data

labels

Page 20: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s20

Microsoft Excel Basics

Chart Wizard-Step 4 Chart location

Select destination of new graph. New sheet Within existing sheet

Finally: click Finish

Page 21: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s21

Example: Ice Lake, Minnesota

Example: Ice Lake, Minnesota Data from:

http://www.waterontheweb.org/data/icelake/realtime/weekly.html

September 5, 2004-September 11, 2004

Question: What do the average temperature, pH, EC25, DO, DOSat, and Turbidity depth profiles look like for Ice Lake during the week of 9/5/04-9/11/02?

Page 22: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s22

Example: Ice Lake, Minnesota

The Excel version of the weekly summaries of RUSS data for Ice Lake provide a tutorial for graphing this data into a “standard limnological chart”. Chart 1: Shows how to

graph data that have the same depth range. Cut and paste any

information into the template and it will automatically graph it below.

Chart 2: Shows how to graph data that have different depth ranges.

Depth Profile: Ice Lake, Minnesota

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0

Dep

th (

m)

Avg. Temp Avg. pH Avg. EC25 Avg. DO Avg. DOSat Avg. Turb

Page 23: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s23

Example: Ice Lake, Minnesota

In order to create this type of chart without a template follow these instructions: Step 1:

Calculate average temperature, pH, EC25, DO, DOSat, and Turbidity for each water depth (1-11 meters) Delete spaces between dates

and use the Data → Sort feature to sort data by depth

Calculate the average temp, pH, EC25, DO DOSat, and Turb for each depth using the =average(range) function

Create a table showing the averages at each depth

Depth Avg. Temp Avg. pH Avg. EC25 Avg. DO Avg. DOSat Avg. Turb

meters ° C uS/cm mg/L @temp NTU

1.0 19.4 8.2 122.2 6.0 67.5 10.3

2.0 19.3 8.2 122.6 6.3 70.5 10.5

3.0 19.0 8.2 123.0 6.3 70.5 10.6

4.0 18.6 8.2 123.7 6.2 68.7 9.8

5.0 18.5 8.2 124.0 6.2 68.6 9.9

6.0 18.1 8.2 125.0 5.9 64.5 9.6

7.0 16.1 7.9 131.0 4.0 42.3 10.2

8.0 12.2 7.6 139.7 1.4 13.7 10.3

9.0 9.9 7.4 143.2 0.9 8.0 10.8

10.0 8.4 7.3 144.1 0.6 4.9 12.5

11.0 7.7 7.2 146.8 0.3 2.8 12.1

Page 24: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s24

Example: Ice Lake, Minnesota

Step 2: Highlight the table and

click the chart symbol.

Select XY(Scatter) for the chart type.

Highlight the bottom left chart sub-type.

Click next

Page 25: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s25

Example: Ice Lake, Minnesota

Step 3: From the chart source data

page select the series tab To plot the independent

variable (depth) on the y-axis the source data must be changed For each series (Avg.

Temp, Avg. pH, etc) Click on the Y values

button and the worksheet will display and then highlight the values in the depth column

Click on the X values button and highlight the correct values for each series in the worksheet (Avg. Temp, etc.) Y values button

Page 26: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s26

Example: Ice Lake, Minnesota

Step 4 Chart options

Give graph a name Label the axis Format legend

In order to display the depth in meters from top to bottom click on the y-axis and select values in reverse order.

Depth Profile: Ice Lake, Minnesota

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0

Met

ers

Avg. Temp ° C Avg. pH Avg. EC25 uS/cm

Avg. DO mg/L Avg. DOSat @temp Avg. Turb NTU

Page 27: Spreadsheets and Non- Spatial Databases Unit 4: Module 15, Lecture 1- Spreadsheet Software

Developed by: Forbes/Host Updated: 2/14/05 U4-m15-1-s27

Microsoft Excel Basics: Help

When using Microsoft Excel it is important to remember the help menu. Many questions can be answered using the office assistant to access: Microsoft Office

Online Microsoft Excel Help