Chapter IntroductionSection 1: The Imperial Vision

Section 2:The Spanish-American War

Section 3: New American Diplomacy

Visual Summary

Big IdeasTrade, War, and Migration Under President Theodore Roosevelt, the United States increased its power on the world stage.

Content Vocabulary• sphere of

influence• Open Door

policy

• dollar diplomacy • guerrilla

Academic Vocabulary• access • tension

People and Events to Identify• Boxer Rebellion• Hay-Pauncefote Treaty• Roosevelt Corollary• Victoriana Huerta• Pancho Villa

A. AB. B

Do you feel that the United States should intervene in foreign affairs?A. Yes

B. No

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American Diplomacy in AsiaThe United States pursued an Open Door policy to allow all nations access to China’s markets.

• In 1894, Japan easily defeated China in a war over Korea.

– China gave Japan territory in Manchuria.

– Then, in 1898, Russia demanded that China lease the Manchurian territory to Russia.

American Diplomacy in Asia (cont.)

• Soon other countries also demanded “leaseholds” in China; each leasehold became the center of a country’s sphere of influence.

• Politicians and businessmen in the United States supported what they called an Open Door policy.

– Secretary of State John Hay received assurances from all of the nations with leaseholds that they would accept the Open Door policy if all the others agreed to do so as well.

American Diplomacy in Asia (cont.)

The Open Door Policy and the Boxer Rebellion

• During the Boxer Rebellion in 1900, the Boxers, supported by some Chinese troops, besieged foreign embassies in Beijing and Tianjin, killing more than 200 foreigners and taking others prisoner.

– Eight nations intervened, landing in China to rescue the foreigners and smash the rebellion.

– Hay worked with British diplomats to persuade the other powers not to partition China.

American Diplomacy in Asia (cont.)

A. AB. BC. CD. DE. E

Why did Hay work to convince the other countries not to partition China?A. To retain access to China’s

lucrative trade in tea, spices, and silk

B. To maintain a larger market for its own goods

C. To avoid further war with ChinaD. A and BE. B and C

A B C D E

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Roosevelt’s DiplomacyPresidents Roosevelt and Taft continued to support a policy of expanding Unites States influence in foreign countries.

• After President McKinley was assassinated, Theodore Roosevelt took over the presidency.

– He favored increasing American power on the world stage.

– For his efforts in ending the war between Japan and Russia, Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906.

Roosevelt’s Diplomacy (cont.)

Great White Fleet

• Roosevelt believed in a strong global military presence.

– One of the most dramatic acts of his presidency was the acquisition and construction of the Panama Canal.

Roosevelt’s Diplomacy (cont.)

• In 1901 the United States and Great Britain signed the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, which gave the United States the exclusive right to build any proposed canal through Central America.

volunteerone who offers service willingly

sphere of influence section of a country where one foreign nation enjoys special rights and powers