spinal meninges
TRANSCRIPT
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Spinal Meninges
Dr. Rajesh T Dept. of Anatomy MMMC, Manipal University
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• Coverings of spinal cord
Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater
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Spinal Dura mater
• Loose envelope, consists of only meningeal layer
Extent
- Margin of foramen magnum to lower border of second sacral vertebra
- caudally incorporates with the filum terminale- periosteum of coccygeal vertebra
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Spinal dura – provides tubular prolongations around the roots of the spinal nerves
Extend through intervertebral foramina along the spinal nerves for variable distance
Sensory innervation- recurrent branches of spinal nerves
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Epidural Space
• Space b/w spinal dura and the periosteum of vertebral column
• Extends from foramen magnum to sacral hiatus
• Bilaterally upto intervertebral foramina
Contents
Fat, loose areolar tissue
Internal venous plexus
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Internal Venous plexus
• Valveless
• Blood flow not affected by intra-thoracic or intra-abdominal pressure
• Communicates- caval and azygos system of veins, veins from prostate, mammary and thyroid glands
• Occasional metastasis to vertebral bodies in carcinoma of prostate
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• Epidural anasthesia
To produce segmental and regional anasthesia- anasthetic fluid introduced in the epidural space
Eg. During child birth
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Spinal Arachnoid
• Envelopes loosely
• Along with subarachnoid space it extends upto second sacral vertebra
• Also invests root of spinal nerves
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Spinal Cistern
• A wide space distal to caudal end of spinal cord
• Intervene b/w lower borders of L1 and S2 vertebrae
• It contain- CSF, rootlets of cauda equina and filum terminale.
Applied aspects:
• Lumbar puncture - CSF aspiration b/w L3 and L4, since it does not damage the spinal cord
• Injury to fibers of cauda equina- chance of regeneration
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Lumbar Puncture – lumbar (terminal) cistern
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Spinal Pia mater
• Thicker and less vascular than cerebral pia
• Completely invests spinal cord, enters as reticular core through anterior median fissure
• Extends as tubular sheath around rootlets of spinal nerves upto intervertebral foramina
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• Special Features
Filum terminale
Linea Splendens
Ligamentum Denticulatum
Subarachnoid Septum
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Filum Terminale
• Non-nervous filamentous thread about 20 cm long
Attachments
Cranial: tip of the conus medullaris of spinal cord at lower border of L1.
Pierces dura & arachnoid – at the level of S2
Leaves Haitus sacralis
Caudal: Periosteum of posterior surface of First coccygeal vertebra
Terminal ventricle- part of central canal in upper 5 or 6 mm of filum terminale
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Linea Splendens
• It is a median glistening line on the ventral surface of the lower part of spinal cord along the anterior median fissure.
• It continuous below with filum terminale
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Ligamentum Denticulatum
• Coronally oriented pial sheet
• 21 serially arranged triangular teeth-like processes.
• Extend bilaterally from side of spinal cord b/w the ventral and dorsal roots of the spinal nerves
• Attached to the dura mater for better anchorage of spinal cord
• 1st process is attached to the margin of foramen magnum
• Last process- b/w roots of 12 thoracic nerve and 1st lumbar nerve
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Subarachnoid Septum
• Is a mid-sagittal pial sheet extending from arachnoid to dorsal surface of the spinal cord along the posterior median sulcus
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