spectrum - pusan national universitybml.pusan.ac.kr/.../intromedeng/2020/03_spectrum.pdf · 2020....

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Spectrum Ho Kyung Kim [email protected] Pusan National University Introduction to Medical Engineering

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Page 1: Spectrum - Pusan National Universitybml.pusan.ac.kr/.../IntroMedEng/2020/03_Spectrum.pdf · 2020. 8. 29. · 1.5 Wavelength À, 2.5 Figure 2.2 (a) Scheme of an X ray tube. (b) Intensity

Spectrum

Ho Kyung [email protected]

Pusan National University

Introduction to Medical Engineering

Page 2: Spectrum - Pusan National Universitybml.pusan.ac.kr/.../IntroMedEng/2020/03_Spectrum.pdf · 2020. 8. 29. · 1.5 Wavelength À, 2.5 Figure 2.2 (a) Scheme of an X ray tube. (b) Intensity

• wavelength vs. frequency• photon• kV vs. keV• ionizing radiation• spectrum

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Page 3: Spectrum - Pusan National Universitybml.pusan.ac.kr/.../IntroMedEng/2020/03_Spectrum.pdf · 2020. 8. 29. · 1.5 Wavelength À, 2.5 Figure 2.2 (a) Scheme of an X ray tube. (b) Intensity

Visible light

• Electromagnetic (EM) radiation with wavelengths between 400 and 700 nm• Each wavelength corresponds to a different color

– Monochromatic vs. polychromatic colors– Monoenergetic vs. polyenergetic energy– Spectrum

• Spectroscopy

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Page 4: Spectrum - Pusan National Universitybml.pusan.ac.kr/.../IntroMedEng/2020/03_Spectrum.pdf · 2020. 8. 29. · 1.5 Wavelength À, 2.5 Figure 2.2 (a) Scheme of an X ray tube. (b) Intensity

Frequency is equivalent to an energy

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• Waves– The speed of EM radiation is constant– 𝑐 𝜆𝜈 (m  Hz = m  cycles/s = m  s‐1)– e.g., What is the frequency (𝜈) of blue light with a wavelength (𝜆) of 400 nm?

• 𝜈 / /

7.5 10 s 7.5 10 Hz

• Particles– Photons: the discrete (particle‐like) packets (or quanta) of EM energy

– 𝐸 ℎ𝜈• ℎ = Plancks constant = 6.626 10 J s = 4.136 10 keV s

– 𝐸 keV .

or 𝐸 eV .

Page 5: Spectrum - Pusan National Universitybml.pusan.ac.kr/.../IntroMedEng/2020/03_Spectrum.pdf · 2020. 8. 29. · 1.5 Wavelength À, 2.5 Figure 2.2 (a) Scheme of an X ray tube. (b) Intensity

X‐ray spectrum as a function of wavelength

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Page 6: Spectrum - Pusan National Universitybml.pusan.ac.kr/.../IntroMedEng/2020/03_Spectrum.pdf · 2020. 8. 29. · 1.5 Wavelength À, 2.5 Figure 2.2 (a) Scheme of an X ray tube. (b) Intensity

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frequency (Hz) or energy (eV or keV)

Page 7: Spectrum - Pusan National Universitybml.pusan.ac.kr/.../IntroMedEng/2020/03_Spectrum.pdf · 2020. 8. 29. · 1.5 Wavelength À, 2.5 Figure 2.2 (a) Scheme of an X ray tube. (b) Intensity

X‐ray spectrum as a function of energy

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Page 8: Spectrum - Pusan National Universitybml.pusan.ac.kr/.../IntroMedEng/2020/03_Spectrum.pdf · 2020. 8. 29. · 1.5 Wavelength À, 2.5 Figure 2.2 (a) Scheme of an X ray tube. (b) Intensity

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Page 9: Spectrum - Pusan National Universitybml.pusan.ac.kr/.../IntroMedEng/2020/03_Spectrum.pdf · 2020. 8. 29. · 1.5 Wavelength À, 2.5 Figure 2.2 (a) Scheme of an X ray tube. (b) Intensity

Wrap‐up

• wavelength vs. frequency• photon• kV vs. keV• ionizing radiation• spectrum

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