specijalisticki rad - vršenje usluga servisiranja računarske opreme po itil preporukama

7/23/2019 Specijalisticki Rad - Vršenje usluga servisiranja računarske opreme po ITIL preporukama

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ZKHRJQ]H^J^ Z AJIFQENZ

BEGZ@^J^ IQFEKH]EDHIKHC KEZGE

T_JDHME@HT^HĀGH T^QZGIRKH QEN

Rrťjkmj usùfe sjrvhshrekme reČukersgj iprjlj

pi H^H@ prjpirugele

LJKÎQ= T^ZNJK^=

_rib+nr Nrefeke AjČjmsgh — Rumeg`hme Arekhsèv TtemČhĆ 2>)1??3

Ajifren, 1?5?+



, hh ,

LJK^IQ=

_rib+ nr Nrefeke AjČjmsghRumeg`hme, nhp`+hkf

Rekrjnkh pribjsir BIKe

Ā@EKIRH GILHTHMJ=

Nid+ nr Rj`hlhr ůtev`mekhk, nhp`+hkf

_rib+ nr Njmek ThlhĆ, nhp`+hkf

Qjnivkh pribjsir BIKe

Netul inarekj=



, hhh ,

Qjzhlj= Qen iphsumj linjrek gikdjpt uprev`mekme H^ usùfele sjrvhshrekme

reČukersgj iprjlj, zeskivek ke aha`hitjdh kemai`mj pregsj h steknernhle+

Gikdjpt senrŻh pridjs treksbirledhmj gèshČkif sjrvhse reČukersgj iprjlj, u

linjrku H^ irfekhzedhmu gime pruŻ e previvrjljku H^ usùfu vhsigif gve`htjte+

G`muČkj rjČh = LjkenŻljkt H^ usùfele, H^H@, steknernh, treksbirledhme H^

irfekhzedhmj

Eastredt= ^cj pepjr njsdrhajs linjrk dikdjpt ib H^ sjrvhdjs lekefjljkt ,

aesjn ik `harery ib ‐ajst predthdj“ ekn suppirthkf stekn erns+

^chs dikdjpt njsdrhajs treksbirlethik pridjss ib ek H^ irfekhzethik ekn hts

dèsshd eppriedc hk sjrvhdhkf H^ jquhpljkt, hkti linjrk H^ irfekhzethik, ea`j ti

nj`hvjr que`hty H^ sjrvhdjs hk e thlj`y ekn pribjsshike` lekkjr+

Gjy wirns= H^ Tjrvhdjs Lekefjljkt, H^H@, Tteknerns, ^reksbirlethik ib H^

Irfekhzethik



, hv ,

Ahifrebhme=

Iskivkh pinedh=

Hlj h prjzhlj= Arekhsèv TtemČhĆ

Netul h ljsti riċjkme= 54+?6+5861 u Ajifrenu+

Iarezivekmj=

1??3 = Zphsekj Tpjdhme`hsthČgj strugivkj stunhmj, sljr Hktjrkjt tjckiìfhmj

1??> = Nhpìlhrekh hkŤjkmjr runerstve, Qunersgi fjiìťgh begu`tjt, Ajifren

5885 = J`jgtritjckhČge ťgiè ‛Qenj GikČer‐, Ajifren

Qj`jvektki renki hsgustvi=

Nete Nykelhds, Ajifren

sgèpekmj h sjrvhs reČukersghc gikbhfuredhme

M_ ZraekhsthČgh zevin Ajifrene, Ajifren

inrŻevekmj reČukere h ep`hgedhme, hlp`jljktedhme lrjŻkif igruŻjkme

Nhkjrs dùa hktjrkethike`, Ajifren

inrŻevekmj h sjrvhshrekmj H^ hkbrestrugturj

Nheìf, Ajifren — C_ Fi`n _rjbjrrjn _ertkjr

sjrvhs ťhrj pe`jtj H^ prihzvine gilpekhmj Cjw`jtt _edgern



, v ,

TENQšEM

5+ Zvin …………………………………………………………++++++++++++++++++++++ 5

1+ H^TL h`h ljkenŤljkt H^ usùfele ………………………………………+ 4

1+5+ Tteknernh ………………………………………………………………+ 2

1+5+5 HTI 1???? ………………………………………………………++ 2

1+1 Linj`h kemai`mj pregsj ………………………………………………++ 3

1+1+5 ůte mj kemai`me pregse9 ………………………………………… 3

1+4 H^H@ aha`hitjge ‐kemai`mj pregsj“ u ljkenŤljktu usùfele +++++++ 5?

4+ _rhgez H^H@ viùljke +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 5>

4+5 Ttretjfhme usùfe +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 5>

4+5+5+ Gikgurjkdh me h trŤhťkh pristir ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 5:

4+5+1+ Rrjnkist usùfj h kmjki stverekmj ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 5:4+5+4+ ^hpivh hspiruČhède H^ usùfe ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 52

4+5+>+ Bhkekshmsgh LjkenŤljkt ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 52

4+5+:+ LjkenŤljkt _irtbh`he Zsùfe +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 56

4+5+2+ Geteìf Zsùfe ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 56

4+5+6+ LjkenŤljkt ]ectjvhle +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 53

4+5+3+ _egjt Khvie Zsùfj ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 53

4+1 Nhzemk usùfe ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 58

4+1+5+ LjkenŤljkt Geteìfe Zsùfe +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1?

4+1+1+ LjkenŤljkt Khviil Zsùfj ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 15

4+1+4+ LjkenŤljkt Gepedhtjte ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 15

4+1+>+ LjkenŤljkt NistupkiťĆu +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 11

4+1+:+ LjkenŤljkt Gikthkuhtjte ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 11

4+1+2+ LjkenŤljkt AjzajnkiťĆu Hkbirledhme +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 14

4+1+6+ LjkenŤljkt Niaev`meČhle ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 14



, vh ,

4+4 Hzljke usùfe +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1>

4+4+5+ LjkenŤljkt Hzljkele ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1:

4+4+1+ LjkenŤljkt Gikbhfuredhmil h hkbrestrugturil usùfe +++++++++++ 12

4+4+4+ Ttevgj Gikbhfuredhmj +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 124+4+>+ Thstjl ze ljkneŤljkt gikbhfuredhmele +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 12

4+4+:+ LjkenŤljkt Hznekmhle h itpuťtekmjl usùfe +++++++++++++++++++++++ 12

4+4+2+ Re`hnedhme usùfe h tjsthrekmj ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 16

4+> Rrťjkmj usùfe +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 13

4+>+5+ LjkenŤljkt Nifeċemhle ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 13

4+>+1+ LjkenŤljkt Hkdhnjkthle ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 18

4+>+4+ Hspukmevekmj zectjve +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 45

4+>+>+ LjkenŤljkt _ria`jlhle ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 41

4+: Gikthkuhreki ukeprjċhvekmj u`sufe ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 44

4+:+5+ Zkeprjċhvekmj usùfe u sjnel girege +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 4>

4+:+1+ Ljrjkmj usùfe …………………………………………………+ 42

4+:+4+ Hzvjťtevekmj i usùfele ……………………………………++++ 46

>+ _rjf`jn sibtvjrsghc eète ze uprev`mekmj H^ usùfil ………++………… 43

:+ _rhljke H^H@ prjpiruge ke sjrvhs reČukersgj iprjlj …………………+ >5

:+5+ H^H@ u pregsh …………………………………………………………… >5

:+1+ Ttunhme sùČeme iphs H^ irfekhzedhmj ……+…………………………+ >5

:+4+ Gu`ture H^ irfekhzedhmj ………………………………………………++ >1

:+>+ Ttunhme pisìvkif sùČeme …………………………………………… >1

:+:+ Qezrene sùČeme ………………………………………………………+ >4

:+:+5+ Ttretjťgh rezìzh ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ >4

:+:+1+ Tibtvjrsgh eèth ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ >>

:+:+4+ _ridjsh ‛kemai`mj pregsj‐ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ >:

:+:+>+ Hlp`jljktedhme +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ >3

:+:+:+ Hzviċjkmj primjgte ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ >8:+:+2+ Linj` pinr ťgj H^ usùfj +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ :5

:+:+6+ Linj` hspirugj H^ usùfj +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ :1

2+ ]eg`muČeg ……………………………………………………………………+ :>

6+ @htjreture ……………………………………………………………………+ ::



RRrr ť ťjjkk m mjj uuss`̀uuffee ssjjrrvvhhsshhrreekk m mee rreeČČuukkeerrssggjj iipprrjjlljj ppii HH^̂HH@@ pprrjjppiirruuggeellee

T t r e k e | 5

5+ ZRIN

Qezljke usùfe mj stere nhsdhp`hke, sterhme in H^me h tjckiìfhmj gegvu nekes

pizkemjli+ @munh su sj niste nufi, stithkele finhke prj pimevj prvif _D reČukereaevh`h pruŤekmjl usùfe+

Ivj egthvkisth sj h sene inhfrevemu, seli su vjĆhkil pizhdhikhrekj ukuter

hknustrhmsghc igvhre+ Gene sj rezletremu vhťh khvih rezljkj usùfe, gegevh su u svjtu

nekeťkmhdj nilhkektekh, liŤj sj uiČhth pitrjae ze uprev`mekmjl h`h ljkenŤljktilusùfele+

Z sbjrh H^ hknustrhmj, uprev`mekmj h`h ljkenŤljkt usùfele, prjnstev`me nhsdhp`hku gimesj aevh phtekmhle ljċusiakj zevhskisth linjrkif keČhke pisìvekme h hkbirledhikhc

tjckiìfhme, keČhkhle ke gimj sj ivj nvj iaèsth ljċusiaki nipukmumu, gei h

priljkele h pria`jlhle gimh sj mev`memu tigil kmhcivj serenkmj+ _injè ke ikj gimh pruŤemu H^ rjťjkme griz rezkj tjckiìťgj prihzvinj h ikj nrufj,

gimh tj prihzvinj girhstj u svil pisìvekmu, u kivhmj vrjlj niahme h trjĆu streku, ikj

gimh sj aevj pruŤekmjl H^ usùfe, keljksgh ia`hgivekhc prjle pitrjaele gikgrjtkj

pisìvkj irfekhzedhmj+ Ivu rjèthvki kivu iaèst, hspukmevemu H^ irfekhzedhmj gimj sj

kezhvemu hspiruČhidh H^ usùfe+

Linjrkhzedhmil H^ tjckiìfhme, svj vjĆh arim pisìvkhc gilpekhme u pitpukisth sj ke

kmhc isèkme+ êgi mj prhljke kivhc tjckiìfhme, u nekeťkmjl svjtu arzj rezljkjhkbirledhme, pisteè prjnusìv uspjťkif pisìvekme, Čhlj su h H^ usùfj niah`j ke

zkeČemu+ Hpeg, svj egthvkisth tigil rezljkj H^ usùfe hzljċu nvj strekj, trjae ne aunu

pèkhrekj, hlp`jljkthrekj, uprev`mekj h pinrŤevekj ke infiveremuĆj keČhkj, hkeČj ahpisìvekmj kjgj irfekhzedhmj lifì trpjth fuahtgj hzreŤjkj u renkhl sethle, vhťim

djkh rene, ugupkhl prhcinhle h nrufhl pi`mhle, zevhski in sbjrj u gimim sj pridjsrezljkj usùfe invhme+W5\ ^hlj h r ezuljvekmj ne su jbjgthvkj, piuznekj h b`jgshah`kj H^ usùfj grhthČkj zeuspjc tjguĆjf pisìvekme h grjhrekmj kivhc pisìvkhc hkhdhmethve, prjnstev`me mjnek infèvkhc rezìfe ze svj lesivkhme kestimekme H^ irfekhzedhme, ne sj treksbi rlhťu hztrenhdhike`khc birlh hspiruČhède H^ rjťjkme u piuznekj, khsgi triťgivkj privemnjrjH^ usùfe+W5\




T t r e k e | 1

Itverekmjl kivhc trŤhťte, mev`me sj h svj vjĆe gikgurjkdhme u ivim iaèsth, piťti sj

hspiruČhidh H^ usùfe, viċjkh pitrjaele gremkmhc girhskhge, svj vhťj utrgumu pi phtekmu

uljťkisth h uspjťkisth u pruŤekmu usùfe+ RjĆhke H^ irfekhzedhme tigil pridjse treksbirledhmj ahve hzìŤjke inrjċjkhlrhzhdhle+ Gei mjnek in keČhke ne uspjťki prjarinj hzezivj se gimhle sj suiČevemuu ivil pjrhinu, arimkj H^ irfekhzedhmj vhnj u H^ Tjrvhdjs Lekefjljktu h`h nrufeČhmj,uprev`mekmu H^ usùfele+

H^ Tjrvhdjs Lekefjljkt h`h greĆj H^TL, prjnstev`me rjbjrjktkh linj` usljrjk ke

hspiruČhvekmj h pinrŤevekmj H^ usùfe gimj su usgèċjkj se pisìvkhl zectjvhle

kjgj gikgrjtkj pisìvkj irfekhzedhmj+

LjkenŤljkt H^ usùfele liŤj sj iphseth h gei urjċjkh sgup nhsdhp`hke gimj

iaucvetemu gu`turu, irfekhzedhiku strugturu, pridjsj h eètj gimh zemjnki

ilifuĆevemu H^ irfekhzedhmh ne rezvhme h hspiruČumj H^ usùfj vrcuksgif gve`htjte+

Ke mČjťĆj, girhskhgj hktjrjsumu eèth+ Ljċuthl, girhťĆjkmj eète ajz gu`turj uprev`mekmeusùfele, irfekhzedhmj h`h pridjse mj ceithČki+ Kjipcinki mj stertiveth se gu`turil hpridjshle+ Teli ivh j`jljkth u gilahkedhmh nivinj ni rezvime h h hspirugj

vhsigigve`htjtkj H^ usùfj+ W5\




T t r e k e | 4

KemČjťĆe njbhkhdhme usùfj, geŻj ne H^ usùfe prjnstev`me vrjnkist gimu H^

irfekhzedhme hspiruČumj svimhl g`hmjkthle h gimh in usùfj iČjgumu inrjĕjkj hscinj,e`h ajz ninetkhc triťgive h rhzhge pi selif g`hmjkte+

_rhlerkh dh`m uprev`mekme H^ usùfil mj ne sj ishfure usefèťjkist H^ usùfj

se pitrjaele pisìvkhc irfekhzedhme+ H^ trjae ne njùmj gei pigrjteČ priljke h ne pilifkj treksbirledhmu pisìvkhc pridjse h pisìvekme u irfekhzedhmh+

W5\

_ridjsh prjnstev`memu giirnhkhsekj egth vkisth, gimj gilahkumu respiìŻhvjrjsursj h lifuĆkisth ukuter H^ irfekhzedhmj, vrťj kmhcivu hlp`jljktedhmu h geirjzu`tet ivhc egthvkisth prihzvinj vrjnkist ze gremkmj girhskhgj+

1+ H^TL H@H LJKENšLJK^ H^ ZT@ZFELE

LjkenŻljkt H^ Zsùfele #H^ Tjrvhdj Lekefjljkt h`h greĆj H^TL( u iaèsth

Hkbirledhikhc tjckiìfhme liŤj sj iphseth gei uprev`mekmj sgupil pridjse gimh su u

ljċusiakil senjmstvu se dh`mjl ne iajzajnj gremkmj usùfj+

_ridjsh su ljr`mhvh, h kmhcivhl ljrjkmjl, liŤjli zeg`muČhth ne `h su jbhgeskh h vrťj `h

svimu bukgdhmu+ _ridjsh tegiċj prjnstev`memu iskivu ze hspirugu H^ usùfe h njbhkhťupitrjakj uìfj h infivirkisth ljċu H^ isia`mjl h pisìvkhl g`hmjkthle+ Ikh sj aevj h

uprev`mekmjl niaev`meČhle h pertkjrhle ke gimj sj H^ irfekhzedhme isèkme+

^jrlhk H^TL sj girhsth u ťhrjl slhsù, girhstj fe arimkj ljtinj gimj sj zeskhvemu kekmjlu h`h H^ gilpekhmj gimj kmjfivil upitrjail Ťj`j ne hstegku svimu zrjìst u H^

ljkenŤljktu+

Zprevi th gremkmh hscinh ukuter sbjrj kmhcivif pisìvekme, gimj g`hmjkth Ťj`j ne pisthfku,prjnstev`memu fèvku lithvedhmu ze girhťĆjkmj infiveremuĆj usùfj+ Rrjnkist kjgj

usùfj ze kmjkif girhskhge u nhrjgtkim mj rjèdhmh se istverjkmjl iČjghvekif hscinekesteìf upitrjail tj usùfj+

_i tilj, liŤjli rjĆh ne ljkenŤljkt H^ usùfele pileŤj hspiruČhidu H^ usùfe

ne ai`mj ‐rezulj“ ťte kmjfivj usùfj u stverh pruŤemu g`hmjktu, ne `h ikj hspukmevemuiČjghvekme g`hmjkete h gegi selh g`hmjkth niŤhv`mevemu vrjnkist ivhc usùfe+




T t r e k e | >

_revh jbjgth gimj prhljke LjkenŻljkte H^ usùfe nikish hspiruČhidu H^ usùfe h

kmjfivhl g`hmjkthle lifu sj sef`jneth griz kjgj in s`jnjĆhc stevgh=

usùfj su sgrimjkj prjle zectjvhle g`hmjkte,

ljċusiake gilukhgedhme mj tjrlhkiìťgh prhèfiċjke g`hmjktu

mesek iphs usùfe h kmhcivhc jbjgete, niguljktivek h njbhkhsek ufivirhle,

meski njbhkhseke djkivke pi`hthge h triťgivh

iajzajċjke nistupkist h piuznekist H^ usùfe

H^ gilpekhme prhljkil H^TL linjè piai ̀mťeve svimj pisìvekmj hzljċu isteif hgriz=

rezvim meskhmj h jbjgthvkhmj hkbrestrugturj

vjĆu giktriù ken svimil hkbrestrugturil h usùfele

Gikdjpt LjkenŻljkte H^ usùfe sj liŤj iphseth h piliĆu ‐>_“ etrhaute+ Ivh etrhauth

sj njbhkhťu ke s`jnjĆh keČhk=

_ertkjrs ) pertkjrh h niaev`meČh=

Espjgt hsthČj veŻkist inkise se pertkjrhle h spi`mkmhl niae`meČhle h sef`jneve ke gimj keČhkj ikh niprhkisj uspjťkil pruŻekmu usùfe

_jip`j ) `munsgh begtir=

Isvrt ke `munsgh begtir u pridjsu pruŻekme usùfe+ û spene H^ isia`mj ukuter

gilpekhmj, pisìvkh g`hmjkth h`h ahì gime hktjrjske streke+

_rinudts ) prihzvinh

Espjgt sj inkish ke H^ usùfj, sibtvjr h cernvjr, respiìŻhvh aunŻjt, eètj

_ridjss ) pridjsh

Isvrt ke ‐g`muČ u rugj“ linj` hspirugj usùfe, zeskivek ke pridjskhl

tigivhle+




T t r e k e | :

Hsprevki h gve`htjtki spriviċjkmj H^TL linjè u pregsh, iajzajċumj ne sj svh ivhespjgth hlemu u vhnu ťti mj nji ste`kif ukeprjċhvekme H^ irfekhzedhmj+

H^TL rjbjrjktkh linj` prjnstev`me h pitpuki hktjfrhseku lepu H^ pridjse ke

kemvhťjl khviu+ Kmjfivil prhljkil mj nigezeki ne mj kjpridjkmhv ze gilpekhmj

ťhril svjte gimj tjŤj ne rezuljmu svimj pria`jlj vjzekj ze `munj, pridjsj htjckiìfhmu gei h ne pitil rezlitrj lifuĆe rjťjkme+ W5\

Gei rjbjrjktkh eèt, linj` iajzajċumj gicjrjktki prjnstev`mekmj H^ pridjse iahČkhl mjzhgil, ČhkjĆh fe girhskhl u gilukhgedhmh hzljċu zehktjrjsivekhc streke gimjuČjstvumu u njbhkhsekmu zectjve, treŤjkmu rjťjkme h hlp`jljktedhmh H^ pridjse+

H^TL rjbjrjkth linj` mj b`jgshahèk+ LiŤj sj prhljkhth ke ahì gimu H^ irfekhzedhmu, ajziazhre ne `h mj seliste`ke h`h mj nji vjĆj giljrdhme`kj irfekhzedhmj , vènhkj h`h

iarezivkj hksthtudhmj+

T`hge 5+5 — Tteaì pisìvkhc dh`mjve, hzvir W:\

DH@MJRH

_IT@IRKHC

IQFCEKH]EDHME

_IT@IRKH

_QIDJTH

HT_IQZGE

H^ ZT@ZFE

LJKENšLJK^

H^ ZT@ZFELE

GEGI HůÊ9

]EůÎ 9




T t r e k e | 2

1+5+ Tteknernh

1+5+5+ HTI 1????

HTI)HJD 1???? prjnstev`me hktjrkedhike`kh steknern ze uprev`mekmj H^TL

pridjshle+ Gei ipťtj prhzket sjrthbhget, ik pitvrċumj ne H^ irfekhzedhme hspukmevepitrjakj prjnusìvj ne uprev`mekmj H^ pridjshle vrťh u sgènu se kemai`mil pregsil+

Tvrce steknerne mj ne prilivhťj hktjfredhmu pridjse, Čhlj sj pisthŤj uprev`mhve H^

usùfe njbhkhseke prjle pitrjaele gremkmjf girhskhge+

Ne ah sj rezvhi h niahi gve`htjtek shstjl ze uprev`mekmj usùfele, pitrjaki mj meskeinrjċjkist H^ irfekhzedhmj, njbhkhsekh dh`mjvh h pi`hthge, njbhkhsekh h hspèkhrekh pridjsh hrjnis`jn kmhcivif invhmekme+ Tcinki svimil keljkh, ze ivem steknern pistimh ťhrigihktjrjsivekmj mjr umjnki prjnstev`me ljru spisiakisth H^ gilpekhmj+

T`hge 1+5+ _ridjs uprev`mekme usùfil, prjle HTI 1???5=1??:, hzvir W1\

Tteknern HTI 1???? usvimjk mj 1??:+ finhkj, h uz le`j hzljkj u pitpukisth sj

zeskhve ke prjtcinkil steknernu AT 5:???+ Tteknern sj u suťthkh sestimh in nvefèvke njè, h ti su= HTI)HJD 1???? pert 5 = Tjrvhdj Lekefjljkt , gei h = HTI)HJD

1???? pert 1 = Dinj ib _redthdj+

_rvh nji steknerne nikish khz spjdhbhgedhme vjzekhc ze pridjsj u uprev`mekmu H^

usùfele, gimj liremu ahth hspukmjkj, ne ah sj istverhè HTI 1???? sjrthbhgedhme+

_ridjsh Hspirugj Zsùfj

LjkenŤljkt Gepedhtjtil LjkenŤljkt Khviil Zsùfj LjkenŤljkt AjzajnkiťĆu Hkbirledhme

LjkenŤljkt Gikthkuhtjtil Hzvjťtevekmj i Zsùzh AunŤjt h QeČukivinstvi ze H^ Zsùfj

h QespiìŤhviťĆu Zsùfj

_ridjsh _uťtekme

LjkenŤljkt puťtekmjl

_ridjsh Inkise

LjkenŤljkt _isìvkhl Inkishle

LjkenŤljkt HspiruČhidhle

_ridjsh Qjťevekme

LjkenŤljkt Hkdhnjkthle

LjkenŤljkt _ria`jlhle

_ridjsh uprev`mekme

jkenŤljkt gikbhfuredhmil LjkenŤljkt _riljkil




T t r e k e | 6

Nrufh nji steknerne svimhl gikdjptil prjpiruČumj ne sj uprev`mekmj H^ usùfelevrťh pi ljtinele ‛kemai`mj pregsj‐+ Iphs kemveŤkhmhc ljtine kemai`mj pregsj mj net u

kerjnkil pifèv`mu+ Tteknern HTI 1???? pripefhre ljtiniìfhmu ‛_èkNiDcjdg Edt‐ gime sj liŤj prhljkhth ke svj pridjsj+ Ive ljtiniìf h me sj liŤj prhgezeth kes`jnjĆh keČhk h u iskivkhl drtele=

_èk= _èkhrem — Z tvrĕhvekmj dh`mjve h pridjse Čhme rje`hzedhme mj kjpicinke ze

hspirugu rjzu`tete gimh Ćj ahth u sgènu se g`hmjktivhl zectjvhle h gilpekhmsgil pi`hthgil i usùzh+

Ni= _rhljkh — Hlp`jljkthrekmj pridjse+

Dcjdg= _rivjrh — Giktriè pridjse h usùfe kmhcivhl kenziril h ljrjkmjl,utvrĕhvekmj ne `h su u sgènu se njbhkhsekhl dh`mjvhle, zectjvhle h hzvjťtevekmji niahmjkhl rjzu`tethle+

Edt= Tprivinh — _rjnuzhlekmj egthvkisth ke gikthkuhrekil ukeprjĕhvekmu pjrbirleksh pridjse+

T`hge 1+1+ — ‛_èkhrem, _rhljkh, _rivjrh, Tprivinh‐ ljtiniìfhme ze uprev`mekmj pridjsil H^ usùfj, prjle HTI 1???5=1??:, hzvir W1\

Z_QER@MEKMJ ZT@ZFIL

INFIRIQKIT^ LJKEN LJKÊ

_@EKHQEKMJ

Zprev`mekmj usùfil

_QHLJKE

Zprev`mekmj usùfil

_QIRJQE

kenzir,ljrjkmj, idjke

T_QIRIğJKMJ

piai`mťekme

_isìvkh

zectjvh

]ectjvh

g`hmjkete

]ectjv zekivu )

hzljkmjku usùfu

Iste`h

pisìvkh

pridjsh

Tjrvhskh

njsg

Nrufh H^

pridjsh

_isìvkh

rjzu`teth

]enivi`mstvi

g`hmjkete

Kive h`hhzljkmjke

usùfe

Nrufh pisìvkh

pridjsh

]enivi`mstvithlive h svhczepis`jkhc




T t r e k e | 3

1+1 Linj`h kemai`mj pregsj

1+1+5+ ůte mj ‛kemai`me pregse‐ 9

Z svil renu, tigil hspirugj usùfe, H^ irfekhzedhmj bukgdhikhťu ukuter arzhc,

nhkelhČkhc igruŤjkme, ťti keljĆj ste`ku pitrjau ze eneptedhmil ke kivj usìvj h ze

sthdekmj kivhc zkekme+ Z kjghl rezvhmjkhl zjl`mele Čeg su h vènhkj efjkdhmj h

kjpribhtkj irfekhzedhmj ug`muČjkj u pridjs prjkise zkekme h hsgustve i jbhgeskiskil

pisìvekmu, Čhlj pistemu ninetke gikgurjkdhme H^ gilpekhmele+

Hz ivegvhc h s`hČkhc rezìfe H^ irfekhzedhme keèzh ze kjipcinki ne svimj egthvkisth

ste`ki pispjťumj+ êne piČhkmu ne sj vrťj eke`hzj gikgurjktkisth h peŤ`mhvi eke`hzhremupripusth h sèaisth u sipstvjkim pikunh usùfe u dh`mu pisthzekme h inrŤevekmegikgurjktkisth+

Mjnek in kemČjťĆj prhcveĆjkhc keČhke ne sj ivj egthvkisth uspjťki hzvinj mj

usvemekmj hsgustve h prhkdhpe ‐kemai`mj pregsj“+

Z iskivh, linj` ‐kemai`mj pregsj“ izkeČeve sgup nigezeki kemai`mhc, griz pregsu

pitvrĕjkhc keČhke ze uprev`mekmj H^ usùfele+

Z nekeťkmj vrjlj pistimh vhťj rezreċjkhc h u rje`kisth privjrjkhc linjè ‛kemai`mjpregsj‐, gimh sj miť kezhvemu h igvhrh #breljwirgs( h`h ljtinj ‛kemai`mj pregsj‐+ Tvh ivh

linj`h prjnstev`memu vinhČj H^ gilpekhmele griz pridjsj irfekhzivekme,

hlp`jljktedhmj h ukeprjċhvekme egthvkisth igi hspirugj usùfe+

_rhljre hleli u vhnu aha`hitjgj DIAH^, ‛Diktri` Iamjdthvjs bir Hkbirlethik ekn

rjètjn ^jdckiìfy Iamjdthvjs‐ gimu mj iskiveè bhrle ‛Hkbirlethik Tystjls Eunht

ekn Diktri` Essidhethik #HTEDE(‐ gei h hksthtut ‛H^ Fivjrkekdj‐ tigil 5882+ finhkjh`h rez`hČhthc linjè uprev`mekme pridjshle gei ťti su DLLH #‛Depeah`hty Leturhty

Linj` Hktjfrethik‐(, Aushkjss pridjss lekefjljkt, Thx Thfle h`h LIB #LhdrisibtIpjrethiks Breljwirg(+

Hzvirh ‐kemai`mj pregsj“ lifu prhpeneth mevkhl niljkhle, e lifu pithdeth h hz

vèskhČghc niljke kjghc irfekhzedhme h`h pimjnhkede+

Hzvirh ukuter mevkif niljke su u vhťjstrugim prjnkisth ken hzvirhle zkekme Čhmj mjpirjgì ukuter vèskhČgif niljke, e ivnj su kevjnjkj kjgj in piljkuthcprjnkisth=




T t r e k e | 8

zkekmj h hsgustvi hz vèskhČgif niljke mj hsuvhťj vjzeki ze gikgrjtkjshtuedhmj u irfekhzedhmele gimj su kmhcivh vèskhdh h zeti hc khmj ègi prhljkhth h`h

prjkjth ke nrufu shtuedhmu u ipťtjl sùČemu+

vèskhČgi zkekmj iaucvete uzeg giktjgst ze spjdhbhČkj pisìvkj pitrjaj hkjle jbjgte ze nrufj irfekhzedhmj hzuzjv egi sj renh i vjile s`hČkimpria`jlethdh+

vèskhdh zkekme hz vèskhČgif niljke iČjgu bhkekshmsgu gilpjzedhmu ze svimjnufiriČkj hkvjsthdhmj h sprjlkh su ne svime hsgustve pinj`j seli ugiljrdhme`kil giktjgstu griz `hdjkdkj ufivirj h nhrjgtku prinemu zkekme+

mevki nistupkh niljkh zkekme h pretjĆh steknernh gei ťti su H^H@, DIAH^#DIktri` IAmjdthvjs bir H^(, DLLH, jTDLT_, _QHKDJ1, HTI 8???, HTI1????

h HTI16??5 su pitvrċjkh h privjrjkh u ne`jgi ťhrjl respiku pisìvkhciguŤjkme h shtuedhme kjfi ťti ti liŤj ahth hsgustvi hz uŤjf niljke pimjnhkjirfekhzedhmj+

zkekme h hsgustve hzkjsjke ukuter mevkif niljke prièzj arimkj rjvhzhmj h

ukeprjċjkme in strekj dj`j zemjnkhdj gime hc girhsth h ke kmhc sj isèkme+

zkekme hz mevkif niljke su nistupke kemťhrim pua`hdh seČhkmjkim in vj`hgif

arime pribjshikeède, e nistupkh su h shstjlh sjrthbhgedhmj h jnugethvkh trjkhkzh+

Irfekhzedhmj gi mj ke kjgh keČhk zeiahèzj hzvirj zkekme hz mevkif niljke, lifusjaj tegvil pregsil nivjsth u ìťhmu pizhdhmu+ Z ipťtjl slhsù, irfekhzedhmj trjaene rezvhmemu svime vèskhČge zkekme h hsgustve, e`h prvjkstvjki pivrc zkekme hsteknerne hz mevkif niljke+ Terenkme h unruŤjkh ren irfekhzedhme su ègťh egiljċusiaki nj`j zkekme h hsgustve+

T`hge 1+4 — _izhdhme steknerne h H^H@e u irfekhzedhmh, hzvir W5\

Gegi renhth u

gikgrjtkim

irfekhzedhmh9

Tteknern

Kemai`me pregse

_rhljkmjk shstjl

Irfekhzedhikh priphsh h pridjnurj

Tteknern

Kemai`me pregse

_rhljkmjk shstjl

Irfekhzedhikh priphsh h pridjnurj

Šte trjae renhth9 HTI 1????Šte trjae renhth9 HTI 1????

Gegi Ćj sj renhth9 H^H@Gegi Ćj sj renhth9 H^H@

Gegi renhth u

pimjnhkim iaèsth9

Gegi renhth u

pimjnhkim iaèsth9




T t r e k e | 5?

1+4+ H^H@ , aha`hitjge ‐kemai`mj pregsj“ u ljkenŻljktu usùfele _rhgezh neth u ivil renu zeskhvemu sj ke mjnkim in kempipuèrkhmhc ahaìtjge

‐kemai`mj pregsj“, pin kezhvil ‐Hkbirlethik ^jdckiìfy Hkbrestrudturj @harery “ h`hsgreĆjki H^H@+

H^H@ prjnstev`me mjnek in prhstupe uprev`mekmu H^ usùfele+ Z til slhsù H^H@ mj sgup

niguljktivekhc senrŻeme gimh iphsumu kemai`mu pregsu u pruŻekmu H^ usùfe+

Z svimhl iphshle H^H@ stev`me tjŤhťtj ke gikstektki inljrevekmj h ukeprjċhvekmjgve`htjte usùfe, ikegi gegi sj ikj sef`jnevemu h hz ufè hspiruČhide usùfj, e`h h hz

ufè g`hmjkte+ Ivegev prhstup pria`jlethdh nikji mj svjtsgh uspjc H^H@u ťti sj

pitvrnhì griz lkifj uspjťkj primjgtj u irfekhzedhmele gimj su prhljkh`j hprhljkmumu ivem gikdjpt+

H^H@ mj u piČjtgu, u prvim vjrzhmh, prjnstev`mei hznekmj in strekj tjè ukuter arhteksgj

vènj, pin hljkil IFD #Ibbhdj ib Fivjrkljkt Dilljrdj(, gimj mj svimu prhljku

ufèvkil hleù u Rj`hgim Arhtekhmh h Cièknhmh+

Ivi hkhdhme`ki hznekmj, sestimeì sj in 45+ gkmhfj gimj su pigèpe`j svj espjgtj u

niljku hspiruge usùfe h u piČjtgu mj ahì keljkmjki ze upitrjau u vj`hgilgirpiredhmele+

Nrufe, rjvhnhreke h seŤjthme vjrzhme H^H@v1, pimevhè sj u vhnu sjnel gkmhfe u pjrhinu

1???+ ni 1??>+ finhkj+ _isteè mj prhcveĆjke ťhril svjte h prjnstev`meè mj iskivu zelkifj H^ irfekhzedhmj gimj sj aevj hspirugil usùfe+

îgil 1??6+ finhkj, pimevhè sj trjĆe miť seŤjthme h linjrkhme vjrzhme H^H@ e, gime sj

sestimh in pjt gkmhfe gimj iphsumu Ťhvitkj dhgùsj H^ usùfj+

]e rez`hgu in nrufj vjrzhmj, gime mj iphshveè pridjsj u hspirudh H^ usùfe, kive, trjĆevjrzhme H^H@v4, ivj pridjsj sljťte ukuter pjt iskivkhc Ťhvitkhc dhgùse H^ usùfj+

Z pregsh sj Čjsti mev`me zeauke igi rez`hge hzljċu H^H@ linjè ‐kemai`mj pregsj“ hsteknerne HTI 1????+ Z nikmim teaj`h su kevjnjkj kjgj in suťthksghc rez`hge=




T t r e k e | 55

H^H@ HTI ) HJD 1????

Ljtin ) _regse Tteknern

Iphsumj pridjsj _riphsumj pitrjakj pridjsj #pert 5(

Aevh sj pridjshle h egthvkisthle Aevh sj giktriìl u uprev`mekmu

Kj pimeťkmeve gegi ne sj uprev`me pridjshle _isjake sjgdhme i zectjvhle shstjle uprev`mekme

^jŤhťtj ke Ťhvitkil dhgùsu usùfj ^jŤhťtj ke giktri`h pridjse

êajè 1+5+ — Qez`hgj hzljĕu H^H@e h HTI 1????, hzvir W2\

_ipuèrek keČhk ze iphs H^H@v4 strugturj mj piliĆu gruŤkif tige dhgùse H^ usùfe+LiŤj sj uiČhth ne usùfe prièzh griz Čjthrh iskivke stekme gime Čhkj Ttretjfhme usùfju djktru tige, Nhzemk usùfj, Hzljke usùfj h Rrťjkmj usùfj, nig hc svj igruŤumjpjti stekmj, Gikthkuhreki ukeprjċhvekmj usùfj+

T`hge 1+>+ GruŻkh tig H^H@, hzvir W4\




T t r e k e | 51

_reĆjkmjl Ťhvitkhc dhgùse H^ usùfe, liŤj sj prhljthth ne su svj usùŤkj egthvkisthh`h rjťjkme u piČjtgu hkhdhreke kjgil prjtcinkil pitrjail u pridjsu pisìvekme+ Ke

nikmim s`hdh prhgezekj su g`muČkj rjèdhmj, uèzh h hzèzh hz svegif in Ťhvitkhc dhgùse Hûsùfj+

T`hge 1+:+ _rièz griz Żhvitkj dhgùsj H^ usùfj, hzvir W4\

H^H@ girhstj lkifj irfekhzedhmj ťhril svjte gei hzvir prhljre niarj pregsj u

ljkenŤljktu usùfele+ Te nrufj strekj, steknern HTI)HJD 1???? prjnstev`mezvekhČkh h ukhvjrze`kh steknern keljkmjk irfekhzedhmele gimj Ťj`j ne kmhcivjlifuĆkisth u pruŤekmu usùfe aunu prjpizketj h sjrthbhgivekj+

Neg`j, nig HTI)HJD 1???? prjnstev`me steknern gve`htjte u pruŤekmu usùfe gimh trjaenisthĆh h inrŤeveth, H^H@ mj seČhkmjk in girhskhc h pitrjakhc zkekme ze nisthzekmj ivif

steknerne+

T h s t j l z

e u p

r e v ` m e k m j z k e k m j l i

H ^ u s ` u z h

u g ` m u Č u m u Ć h _ i r t b h ` h i u s ` u f e h G e t e ` i f u s ` u f e

]ectjvh G`hmjkth ) _isìvkj irfekhzedhmj

Ttretjfhme Zsùfe

Nhzemk Zsùfe

Hzljke Zsùfe

Rrťjkmj Zsùfe

Gikthkuhreki Zkeprjċhvekmj Zsùfe

Ttretjfhmj

_i`hsj

Qjsursh h ifrekhČjkme

Qjťjkme Nhzemke

Erchtjgturj

Tteknernh

_èkivh Hzljke

^jsthrekmj

Nipuke zkekme

Rrťjkmj Zsùfe

Egthvkisth h_èkivh

Zkeprjċhvekme

Ipjrethvkh _èkivh




T t r e k e | 54

H^H@ aha`hitjge seČhkmjke mj in s`jnjĆhc sjfljkete= H^H@ iskivkh = prjnstev`me vinhČ kemai`mj pregsj u ipťtjl slhsù, ze svj thpivjirfekhzedhme gimj pruŤemu usùfj pisìvkil sjgtiru

H^H@ nipuksgh vinhČ = nipuksgh sgup hznekme se uputstvhle vjzekhl ze

spjdhbhČkj sjgtirj hknustrhmj, thpivj irfekhzedhme, ipjrethvkhc linjè h

tjckiìťghc erctjgture

Iskivkh h fèvkh nji H^H@e sj sestimh in pjt pua`hgedhme+ Tvege in ivhc pua`hgedhme

prjnstev`me vinhČ pitrjaek ze hktjfrhsek prhstup gegi ti zectjve steknern HTI)HJD1???? u svimim steknernkim spjdhbhgedhmh=

Ttretjfhme usùfe

Nhzemk usùfe

^rekzhdhme usùfe

Rrťjkmj usùfe

Gikthkue`ki ukeprjĕhvekmj usùfe

Letjrhme gimh sj iareċumj u svegil in iv hc hznekme liŤj hleth hzreŤjk uthdem kenjìtvirkist H^ irfekhzedhmj gime sj aevh hspirugil H^ usùfe+

Iskivkh, mjzfrjkh nji H^H@e mj prjnstev`mjk griz Ťhvitkj dhgùsj+_rhgezekh Ťhvitkh dhgùsh su htjrethvkh h vhťjnhljkzhike`kh h gei tegvh nemu prh`hgu ne sjzkekme hz mjnkj iaèsth tjlj`mki utvrċumu, e ne sj hstivrjljki sthČu h kive zkekme hz

nrufj iaèsth+

Keljke iskivkif njè H^H@e mj ne sj birlhre Čvrste iskive ze egthvkisth gimj tjgnièzj u kerjnkhl bezele hspirugj usùfe h ne sj miť ke piČjtgu ivène prhkdhphle,ljtinele rene h pitrjakhl eèthle+




T t r e k e | 5>

4+ _rhgez H^H@ viùljke

4+5 Ttretjfhme usùfe

Tvrce h keljke

_iČjtke, uèzke beze H^H@ ljtiniìfhmj, pin kezhvil Ttretjfhme usùfe #Tjrvhdj

Ttretjfy ( prjnstev`me teČgu u gimim sj rezreċumu h njbhkhťu aezhČke phtekme h pistevgj ubukgdhikhsekmu H^ irfekhzedhmj+

Zprevi ke ivil ljstu sj in tegvj irfekhzedhmj zectjve ne prjhsphte svimj

niteneťkmj pisìvekmj h svimj rezuljvekmj ikife ťti kunh gei svim prihzvin+

Egi mj tem prihzvin prjnstev`mjk u vhnu H^ usùfe, pitrjaki mj ishfureth ne H^

irfekhzedhme gime hc pruŤe, niari rezulj pirhvj h hktjrjsj svimhc g`hmjkete gene hc ikh

zetreŤj+ _itrjaki mj ne rezulj ne pisìvkh g`hmjkt kj gupumj usùfu, ik gupumjpisìvku sethsbegdhmu gimu te usùfe pruŤe+

H^ irfekhzedhme gime pruŤe usùfj, liŤj jbhgeski ne prjpizke pitrjaj g`hmjkete, tjg

egi hc prvi rezulj h uspjťki njbhkhťtj+ Ike lire ne zke, gene sj h zaif Čjfe ivjpitrjaj mev`memu, ne prjpizke kivj pitjkdhme`kj g`hmjktj h ne hle djìvhtu prjnstevu i

tilj ťte in kmj iČjgumu nekeťkmh pisìvkh g`hmjkth+

Gene uspjťki infivirh ke g`muČke phtekme i svimhl egthvkisthle, privemnjr H^ usùfe

ai`mj rezulj h H^ trŤhťtj u igvhru gife ipjrhťj h uspjťki zeuzhle infiveremuĆustretjfhmu prjle gikgurjkdhmh se gimil nj`h trŤhťtj+

^hlj viùljk Ttretjfhme usùfe pizhdhikhrek u iskivh H^H@v4 Ťhvitkif dhgùse, pruŤe

nufiriČkj sljrkhdj privemnjrhle H^ usùfe pi phtekmu birlhrekme meskj stretjfhmj h

prjdhzkif rezuljvekme kjghc in s`jnjĆhc phtekme=

gimj usùfj trjae pikunhth,

gilj tj usùfj trjae pikunhth,

pi gimhl Ćj grhtjrhmulhle g`hmjkth inljreveth vrjnkist pikuċjkhc usùfe, gei h

lkifhc nrufhc




T t r e k e | 5:

G`muČkh gikdjpth

4+5+5+ Gikgurjkdhme h trŤhťkh pristir

^r Ťhťkh pristir sj zeigruŤumj piliĆu sgupe pisìvkhc dh`mjve gimj pikuċjke H^

usùfe liŤj ne hspukh+ Tpisiakist ne sj pisìvkh dh`mjvh hspukj, njbhkhťj vj`hČhkutrŤhťte H^ usùfj+ Ājsti u pregsh khmj nivi`mki rezmeťkmjki gegi kjge H^ usùfebirlhre vrjnkist ze g`hmjkte+

Zsùfj sj Čjsti iphsumu seli griz lifuĆkisth gimj lifu ne pikunj ahzkhsu, ajznjte`me gegi tj lifuĆkisth lifu ne sj upitrjaj u gikgrjtkil sùČemu+ _isìvkhg`hmjkth rezuljmu h djkj seli ikj usùfj gimj hl iČhf`jnki girhstj griz uvjĆekmj

pribhte, pjrbirleksh u renu h`h gremkmjf ahèkse+

_rhljrh ivegvhc usùfe u pregsh hle lkifi, kjgh in kmhc su gene=

aekgersgh efjkth girhstjĆh H^ usùfj hlemu zkeČemki arŤh prhstup reČukhlesvimhc g`hmjkete

ik`hkj pridjsir pèĆekme piliĆu H^ usùfj kunh lkiťtvi lifuĆkisth zepèĆekmj pitjkdhme`khl gupdhle

jgiljrd strekhde hle nhrjgtku vjzu se ljkenŤlkjkt shstjlil lethČkjprinemkj guĆj, htn+

_isìvkh g`hmjkth renhmj ahremu H^ usùfj gimj ze kmhc prjnstev`memu lekmh bhkekshmsgh

hzneteg h nikisj lekmh pisìvkh rhzhg+ Te nrufj strekj, H^ gilpekhmj se hzfreċjkhlstretjťghl prhstupil, spisiakj sj ne grjhremu ivegvj usùfj+

RjĆhke pikuċeČe H^ usùfe ahve hzìŤjke gikgurjkdhmh in strekj nrufhc pikuċeČe ketrŤhťtu+ Tvh ivh pikuċeČh H^ usùfe njùmu ukuter hktjrkhc h`h jgstjrkhc trŤhťte h liremu

sj trunhth ne istverj pitpukhmj rezuljvekmj nhkelhgj trŤhťte in svimj gikgurjkdhmj h

selhl thl ai`mj rezuljvekmj pitrjae g`hmjkete+

4+5+1+ Rrjnkist usùfj h kmjki stverekmj

Njbhkhťj sj prjle ufù hz gife pisìvkh g`hmjkth vhnj kmjki uČjťĆj u istverhvekmusvimhc pisìvkhc dh`mjve+ Ttretjfhme sj ivnj if`jne u pikunh usùfe gimj Ćj uČhkhth H^gilpekhmu mjnhkstvjkil ze svimj pisìvkj g`hmjktj h Čhmj usùfj pi gve`htjtu h

mjnhkstvjkhl geregtjrhsthgele gikgurjkdhme kj liŤj ègi ne keniljsth+




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4+5+4+ ^hpivh hspiruČhède H^ usùfe

^H_ 5 — ukutreťkmh h`h hktjrkh hspiruČhèd H^ usùfe= prvh thp hspiruČhide mev`me sj uigvhrhle pisìvkhc irfekhzedhme h zenuŤjk mj ze ipsùŤhvekmj pitrjae mjnkif h`h vhťj

pisìvkhc inj`mjkme+ Bhkekshremu sj in strekj pisìvkj irfekhzedhmj gimim prhpenemu+

_rjnkist ivif ia`hge mj ťti ilifuĆeve Čvrsti pivjzhvekmj se pisìvkhl g`hmjkthleajz rhzhge h triťgive gimj pretj nrufj ia`hgj hspiruČhède+

^H_ 1 nj`mjkh hspiruČhèd H^ usùfe= nrufh thp hspiruČhide mj njìl ukuter

girpirethvkj irfekhzedhmj, e`h khmj u pitpukisth hktjfrhsek u kmu+ Ivem thp privemnjre

hkeČj pizket h gei TTZ #scerjn sjrvhdj ukht( hle sipstvjku uprev`meČgu strugturu h

ukutreťkme, girpirethvke, pisìvke inj`mjkme ipsùŤumj gei h svj iste`j pisìvkjg`hmjktj ke itvirjkil trŤhťtu+

^H_4 — spi`meťkmh h`h jgstjrkh hspiruČhèd H^ usùfe= trjĆh thp hspiruČhide njmstvumj

kjzevhski in kjgj pisìvkj irfekhzedhmj h usùfj pruŤe vjĆjl arimu pisìvkhcg`hmjkete hz rez`hČhthc irfekhzedhme+ LiŤj ne pikunh H^ usùfj pi gikgurjktkhldjkele+

_isletreki se nrufj strekj, arimkhl pisìvkhl girpiredhmele mj hspethvhmj ne usùfj

gupumu in spi`meťkmhc hspiruČhède usùfe kjfi ne bhkekshremu svime H^ inj`mjkme+

Z pregsh sj srjĆu pinmjnkegi sve trh ia`hge hspiruČhède+

G`muČkh pridjsh

4+5+>+ Bhkekshmsgh LjkenŤljkt

Bhkekshmsgh ljkenŻljkt #Bhkekdhe` Lekefjljkt( gei sestevkh nji strugturj

hspiruČhide H^ usùfe, svimil prhljkil pruŤe ai`mh uvhn u ipjrethvkj spisiakisth

zeskivekj ke bhkekshmsghl lifuĆkisthle, piai`mťeve teČkist pridjkj, prjnvhċekme hpinpileŤj u pridjshle nikiťjkme ‐peljtkhc“ inùge+

Ivem thp ljkenŤljkte mj stretjťge eètge gime mj nistupke svhl thpivhle privemnjre

H^ usùfe+ Nekes sj in ukutreťkmhc hspiruČhède H^ usùfe iČjgumj h treŤh hstebhkekshmsge vhsprjkist h iprjzkist gei h gin spi`meťkmhc hspiruČhède+

_rhljke ivif ljkenŤljkte ilifuĆeve ljrjkmj vrjnkisth H^ usùfj u bhkekshmsgil

slhsù, griz prjdhzki inrjċhvekmj vrjnkisth srjnsteve ke gimhle sj usùfe zeskhve, e

thlj itvere pristir h ze jbhgeskhmu pridjku aunuĆj upitrjaj H^ usùfj+




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Ivhl mj njbhkhseke suťthksge lhshme bhkekshmsgif ljkenŤljkte, ne pisìvkhl

irfekhzedhmele h hspiruČhidhle H^ usùfe pilifkj ne zemjnkhČgh, renjĆh u teknjlu,

hnjkthbhgumu, niguljktumu h ufivirj vrjnkist H^ usùfj gime sj trjae pruŤhth+ ^hljbhkekshmsgh ljkenŤljkt umjnki h ia`hgumj usùfj gimj sj zectjvemu+

êgiċj, bhkekshmsgh ljkenŤljkt pigrhve bukgdhmj h pridjsj zenuŤjkj ze uprev`mekmjaunŤjtil h reČukivinstvil hspiruČhide H^ usùfe+

4+5+:+ LjkenŤljkt _irtbh`he Zsùfe #Tjrvhdj _irtbi`hi Lekefjljkt (

_irtbh`hi usùfe #Tjrvhdj _irtbi`hi( prjnstev`me sulhrekh prhgez svjfe ke ČjluhspiruČhèd usùfe renh, svj hkvjsthdhmj h svu prjnekist ke pruŤekmu usùfe svimhlg`hmjkthle+

_irtbh`hi prjzjktumj h senrŤh niguljktedhmu i rezvimu kivhc linjè H^ usùfe,kmhcivil trjkutkil stetusu, gei h prhgezj ukeprjċjkme gime sj sprivinj ken

egutj`khl usùfele+

_irtbh`hi usùfe senrŤh u sjah h svj rjsursj gimj H^ gilpekhme ekfeŤumj h`h itpuťte urez`hČhthl bezele Ťhvitkif dh`gùse usùfj+ Tvege beze zectjve rjsursj ze

gilp`jthrekmj primjgete, hkhdhmethvj h ufivirj+

^hlj pirtbhì usùfe niahme h veŤek uprev`meČgh espjgt+ Zèzeg, prifrjs h hzèzeg hzprimjgte kivhc usùfe, iniarevemu sj seli zaif bhkekshmsgh hspèthvhc h iprevnekhc

rezìfe+

_irtbh`hi usùfe trjae ne senŤh prevh inkis H^ usùfe gimj su u rezvimu h keljkmjkj su

aunuĆhl trŤhťthle h ikhc gimj su vjĆ u upitrjah h keèzj sj prjnstev`mjkj u Geteìfu

usùfe #Tjrvhdj Deteìfuj(, iazhril ne mj Geteìf usùfe mjnhkh nji ukuter _irthbhè

usùfe gimh nikish pribht H^ gilpekhmh+

4+5+2+ Geteìf Zsùfe

Geteìf usùfe #Tjrvhdj Deteìfuj(, sestevkh mj nji _irthbhè usùfe h nistupek mj ke

uvhn pisìvhl g`hmjkthle+ Kmjfiv senrŤem Čhkj, egtuj`kj, hzvrťkj usùfj gimj sjinvhmemu u bezh Rrťjkme Zsùfe h ikj gimj su iniarjkj ze pikunu g`hmjkthle+ Kjge

usùfe liŤj uĆh u Geteìf usùfe tjg pis`j njte`mkj privjrj pivjzekhc triťgive hpretjĆhc rhzhge+




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H^ gilpekhme lire hleth ekfeŤivekj svj pitrjakj rjsursj ze pikuċjkj usùfj, gimh

su pitrjakh ze kmhcivi kjsljteki invhmekmj+ Geteìf usùfe mj girstek ze rezvhmekmj

usùŤkhc rjťjkme prjle gikgrjtkhl zectjvhle pisìvkhc g`hmjkete+Zsùfj piarimekj uGeteìfu usùfe, lifu sj pinjťeveth h linhbhgiveth prjle pitrjaele pisìvkhc

irfekhzedhme+

Geteìf usùfe mj miť mjnke veŤke eètge ukuter bezj Ttretjfhme usùfe, mjr prjnstev`me

vhrtuj`ku primjgdhmu seneťkmhc, trjkutkuc lifuĆkisth hspiruČhide H^ usùfe, e vj`hgharim pisìvkhc irfekhzedhme renhmj Ťj`h ne zkemu ťte hspiruČhidh lifu ne pikunj

nekes, e kj u aunuĆkisth+

4+5+6+ LjkenŤljkt ]ectjvhle

LjkenŻljkt zectjvhle #Njlekn Lekefjljkt( prjnstev`me mjnek in kemveŤkhmhcliljkete u ljkenŤljktu H^ usùfele+ Ivem thp ljkenŤljkte niprhkish ai`mjl

rezuljvekmu uthdeme gimh girhskhČgh zectjvh ze usùfele hlemu ke pistimjĆj rjsursj+

_eŤ`mhvi uprev`mekmj zectjvhle uthČj ne sj hzajfku kjpitrjakh ninetkh triťgivh , thljťti su rjsursh ze usùfj prevh`ki respirjċjkh+

@iťj viċjkmj ivif thpe ljkneŤljkte H^ gilpekhmh nikish ninetkj triťgivj gimh zeuzvret kj stveremu kivu vrjnkist u usùzh gime ah lifè kegkenki ne hc

rjveìrhzumj+

T`hge 4+5+ — LjkenŻljkt zectjvhle, hzvir W8\

4+5+3+ _egjt Khvie Zsùfj

_egjt khvie usùfj h`h T@_ #Tjrvhdj @jvj` _edgefj( prjnstev`me hzèz hz bezj Ttretjfhme

Zsùfj+ Kmhlj sj njbhkhťj khvi lifuĆkisth pikuċjkhc eète h verhmekt h ferekdhmj ze H^

usùfj senrŤekj ukuter tif pegjte+




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_ridjs nhzemkhrekme infiveremuĆhc h hkivethvkhc H^ usùfe, ug`muČumuĆh kmhcivuerchtjgturu, pridjsj, pi`hthgu h pretjĆu niguljktedhmu, gegi ah sj nisthf`h trjkutkh h aunuĆh pisìvkh zectjvh+

4+1 Nhzemk usùfe

Tvrce h keljke

Keljke ivj bezj u Ťhvitkil dhgùsu usùfj mj ren ke nhzemku kivhc h`h hzljkmjkhc

usùfe prj kjfi sj ikj kenmu u pregthČkim prhljkh+ Gene sj vrťh nhzemk h`h rjnhzemkusùfj, peŤkme sj pigèkme svhl ahtkhl njte`mhle+ Nhzemkjrsgj hzljkj ke pimjnhkhl

njìvhle usùfj, liremu sj kegik tife prhgezeth h u pirtbh`hu usùfe, geteìfu usùfe h

lire sj inrjnhth uthdem gimh kish hzljke mjnkif njè ke gilp`jtku usùfu+

Gegi mj svrce bezj u nhzemkhrekmu kivhc h hzljkmjkhc usùfe, pitrjakh zectjvh ze

nhzemkhrekmj j`jljkete sj niahmemu hz pirtbh`he usùfe+ ]ectjvh sj eke`hzhremu,niguljktumu h privjrevemu ne `h su u sgènu se stretjfhmil njbhkhsekil u prjtcinkim

bezh+

Zìfe nhzemke usùfe liŤj sj njbhkhseth gei=

G`muČkh gikdjpth

Nhzemk usùfe zepiČhkmj sgupil pisìvkhc zectjve, e zevrťeve sj rezvimjl usùŤkhcrjťjkme ia`hgivekhc ne infiveremu pistev`mjkhl pisìvkhl dh`mjvhle+ êgiċjiajzajċumj _egjt Nhzemke usùfj #TN_ ( ze prjèz ge s`jnjĆim bezh Hzljke usùfe+

_regse pigezumj ne mj niari hzvjnjk nhzemk H^ usùfe, zeskivek ke jbhgeskil

gilahkivekmu s`jnjĆhc begtire=

H^ isia`mj `munh h kmhcivj vjťthkj h zkekme su ug`muČjkh u pruŻekmj usùfe+

_rihzvinh — tjckiìfhme h shstjlh ze ljken Żljkt sj girhstj u hspirudh H^ usùfe+

_ridjsh — pridjsh, uìfj h h egthvkisth hlemu svim nji u pruŻekmu usùfe+

_ertkjrh — hspiruČhidh, prihzviĕeČh h skeanjveČh su ug`muČjkh u pruŻekmj usùfeh pinrťgu usùfele+




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G`muČkh pridjsh h egthvkisth

4+1+5+ LjkenŤljkt Geteìfe Zsùfe

Gegi sj vrjljkil hkbrestrugure H^ gilpekhmj uvjĆeve h rezvhme, prjnsteve h prhgezusùfe gimj sj trjkutki kunj liremu ahth meski prjniČjkh pisìvkhl g`hmjkthle+ Ne ahsj birlhrei eŤurek h mesek prhgez ivhc usùfe prjpiruČumj sj ne pir tbhì H^ usùfe

senrŤh h geteìf egtuj`khc usùfe se svhl pretjĆhl njte`mhle+

Geteìf usùfe prjnstev`me djktre`kh hzvir hkbirledhme gimj H^ gilpekhme pruŤe hkeljkmjk mj ufèvkil pisìvkhl g`hmjkthle+ Egthvkisth gimj sj hzvinj tigil

ljkenŤljkte geteìfil usùfe iaucvetemu njbhkhsekmj usùfe, grjhrekmj h

inrŤevekmj eŤurkif geteìfe usùfe, uprev`mekmj rjèdhmele gimj pistimj hzljċugeteìfe h pirtbh`he gei h gilpekhmsgif DLT shshtjle ke gilj sj geteìf prjzjktumj+

Lkifj H^ gilpekhmj hktjfrhťu svim pirtbh`hi h geteìf se DLT shstjlil+

Nve fèvke espjgte geteìfe usùfe su=

_isìvkh geteìf usùfe — senrŤh njte`mj i svhl H^ usùfele gimj sj kunjg`hmjkthle+ Nistupek ze pisìvkj g`hmjktj+

^jckhČgh geteìf usùfe — senrŤh njte`mj i svhl H^ usùfele u pikunh, ze mjnki

se njte`mhle i svhl pretjĆhl usùfele h pitrjakhl rjsurshle+ TùŤh geiiskive ze _isìvkh geteìf usùfe h khmj nistupek pisìvkhl g`hmjkthle+

T`hge 4+1 — Geteìf usùfe ke

ukhvjrzhtjtu _urnuj, hzvir W5?\




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4+1+1+ LjkenŤljkt Khviil Zsùfj

LjkenŻljkt khvihle usùfj h`h T@L #Tjrvhdj @jvj` Lekefjljkt ( vrťh prjfivirj hprevh ufivirj se prjnstevkhdhle pisìvkhc irfekhzedhme, niguljktumj infiveremuĆjdh`mjvj gimj H^ usùfe trjae ne pisthfkj, e pitil kenf`jne h hzvjťteve i pigezekim

uljťkisth hspiruČhide ne H^ usùfj pruŤh ke ufivirjkil khviu+

LjkenŻljkt khvihle usùfj prjnstev`me vпŤek pridjs mjr iaevjzumj H^ irfekhzedhmu h

pruŤe ferekdhmj pisìvkil g`hmjktu ne Ćj hspiruČjkj usùfj ahth ke teČkiufivirjkil khviu h u sgènu se pisìvkhl pridjshle g`hmjkte+

Zspjťke rje`hzedhme T@Le piprh`hČki zevhsh in gve`htjtki hzvjnjkif _irtbh`he Zsùfe,

Geteìfe Zsùfe h kmhcivif senrŤeme, zeti ťti ikh senrŤj pitrjakj hkbirledhmj iusùfele gimhle Ćj sj uprev`meth griz pridjsj ljkenŤljkte khvihle usùfe+

Kjgh in fèvkhc dh`mjve LjkenŤljkte khviil usùfe su=

Njbhkhsekmj, niguljktivekmj, kenzir, ljrjkmj, hzvjťtevekmj h giktriè khviepruŤjkhc H^ usùfe

Qezvhmekmj, ukeprjċhvekmj inkise h gilukhgedhmj se pisìvkhl g`hmjktil

Ne sj pistev`mjkh dh`mjvh lifu ègi hzljrhth

4+1+4+ LjkenŤljkt Gepedhtjte

LjkenŻljkt Gepedhtjt il #Depedhty Lekefjljkt( kenzhrj h ishfureve ne uvjg

pistimj pitrjakh gepedhtjth h pjrbirleksj H^ usùfe gimh infiveremu ufivirjkhl

zectjvhle ahzkhse uz kemlekmj lifuĆj bhkekshmsgj triťgivj h kemgreĆj pitrjaki

vrjlj+

ReŤki mj ne sj LjkenŻljkt gepedhtjtil rezletre tigil bezj Nhzemke usùfe, lene

sj hkhdhme`ki uvinh miť u prvim bezh Ttretjfhmh usùfe, gene sj hnjkthbhgumj aunuĆh uthdempisìvhc zectjve ke pistimjĆj rjsursj+ Ke tem keČhk, L jkenŻljkt gepedhtjtil kunh

prjnvhn`mhvj hknhgetirj pitrjakj ne ah sj gepedhtjth ke vrjlj usefèsh`h ze pitreŤkmilh zectjvhle+

Kmhlj sj u iskivh vrťh aeèkshrekmj bhkekshmsghc triťgive kesprel pitrjakhc rjsursegei h aeèks riakif uèze kesprel pitreŤkmj ze riail+




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4+1+>+ LjkenŤljkt NistupkiťĆu

LjkenŻljkt nistupkiťĆu #Evehèah`hty lekefjljkt( hle zeneteg ne ishfure ne Ćjkhvi nistupkisth kjgj H^ usùfj ahth ke rekhmj ufivirjkil khviu+ Ljrjkmj h kenzir

#likhtirhkf ( su fèvkj egthvkisth piliĆu gimhc sj ti pisthŤj+ Ninetkh zeneteg

L jkenŻljkte nistupkiťĆu mj ne u gikthkuhtjtu renh ke rezvimu khvie ke gilj H^

usùfj h H^ hkbrestrugture lifu ahth nistupkh, Čhlj h pisìvkh g`hmjkth niahmemu jbhgeskj hbhkekshmsgh iprevnekj usùfj+

G`muČkh zenedh L jkenŻljkte nistupkiťĆu su=

Hzrene h eŤurhrekmj infiveremuĆjf pèke nistupkisth gimh teČki inreŤeve

seneťkmj h aunuĆj pitrjaj pisìvkhc irfekhzedhme

_ruŤekmj sevjte h uputsteve u svhl sbjrele fnj sj ninhrumu ahzkhs h hzuzjdhvjzekh se khvi nistupkisth usùfj

Iajzajċhvekmj ne nistupkist usùfe hle pitrjaek, ufivirjkh khvi

_rev`mjkmj pridjke gegvj uthdemj lifu hleth rezkj hzljkj ke pèk nistupkisth

_rhljke priegthvkhc h`h prjvjkthvkhc ljre ze ukeprjċhvekmj H^ usùfe u svhl

shtuedhmele gene mj ti bhkekshmsgh iprevneki

4+1+:+ LjkenŤljkt Gikthkuhtjte

Getestribe`kh prjghnh h rezkj nhsbukgdhike`kisth u vrťjkmu H^ usùfe su pimevj gimj kh mjnke pisìvke irfekhzedhme h`h H^ gilpekhme kj Ťj`h ne hsgush+ Hpeg, h kemai`mj

pèkhrekj h uprev`mekj usùfj lifu ne u kjgil liljktu itgeŤu, Čeg h gene khsupin nhrjgtkil giktriìl H^ gilpekhmj gime hc pruŤe+ Rj`hgh arim `munh gupumj

ishfurekmj ne ah sj zeťthth`h u sùČemu kjgj getestribj+ Rj`hČhke ishfurekme mj u

pripirdhmh se prjnvhċjkil vjrivetkiĆil ne sj getestribe`kh nifeċem zehste h nifinh+

LjkenŻljkt Gikthkuhtjte #Dikthkuhty Lekefjljkt( mj nji H^H@e gimh sj aevh

prireČukil khvie ishfurekme gimj ah ahì pitrjaki ne sj iajzajnh H^ hlivhke in kjgj getestribj+

Lhshme L jkenŻljkte gikthkuhtjte mj ne pinrŤh gikthkuhtjt pisìvkif ljkenŤljktekjgj irfekhzedhmj, iajzajċumuĆh ne sev H^, tjckhČgh pitjkdhme` #ug`muČumuĆh tu

gilpmutjrsgj shstjlj, lrjŤj, ep`hgedhmj, pinetgj, tjckhČgu pinrťgu h sjrvhskh njsg(liŤj ahth ipirev`mjk u igvhrhle nifivirjkif h zedrtekif vrjljksgif pjrhine+




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4+1+2+ LjkenŤljkt AjzajnkiťĆu Hkbirledh me

ůhril svjte irfekhzedhmj stveremu vrjnkist piliĆu hktj`jgtue`kif vèskhťtve gimjhlemu h gimj girhstj ze hspirugu prihzvine h usùfe+ ]eťthte hktj`jgtue`kif gephteè mjljċu iskivkhl pitrjaele ahzkhse h ive iaèst mj u svj vhťj zjle`me h zegiksghurjċjke+

^jckiìfhme kel nekes ilifuĆeve grjhrekmj, iarenu h sgènhťtjkmj ifrilkhc gi`hČhkehkbirledhme+ êgi h hspiruČhidh H^ usùfe hlemu infivirkist ne nigeŤu ne lifu neferektumu ajzajnkist pisìvkhc hkbirledhme h ne Ćj ikj ahth zeťthĆjkj in hzljkj,greċj, fuahtge h`h kjiniarjkif prhstupe+

Egthvkisth L jkenŻljkte ajzajnkiťĆu hkbirledhme sj inhfrevemu ukuter zetvirjkhc,girpiredhmsghc igvhre h ugezumu ke stretjťgj giregj u hzvrťevekmu ajzajnkiskhc

egthvkisth h ishfurevemu ne sj ajzajnkiskh dh`mjvh uspjťki istverumu, gei h ne sj

pretjĆhl rhzhdhle enjgvetki uprev`me h ne sj girpiredhmsgj hkbirledhmj infivirkigirhstj+ ^hlj mj lhshme ivif ia`hge ljkenŤjkte njbhkhseke gikstektkil peŤkmil kensvhl espjgthle H^ ajzajnkisth h rugiviċjkmjl svhl ajzajnkiskhl egthvkisthle+

4+1+6+ LjkenŤljkt Niaev`meČhle

LjkenŻljkt niaev`meČhle #Tupp`hjr Lekefjljkt( prjnstev`me pridjs gimh

iajzajċumj ne niaev`meČh h usùfj gimj ikh pruŤemu hspiruČhidhle H^ usùfe,

infiveremu ikilj ťti mj hspiruČhidhle H^ usùfe pitrjaki ne ah istverh`h pis ìvkj

dh`mjvj svimhc g`hmjkete+ Ivem ljkenŤljkt mj pinmjnkegi ahtek u svhl Ťhvitkhldhgùshle usùfj u H^H@u+

TìŤjkh pisìvkh zectjvh hzhsgumu lkifi struČkisth h spisiakisth tigil pruŤekme zekmhc keljkmjkj pinrťgj h H^ usùfe+ ]eti mj pinmjnkegi ahtki ze hspiruČhidj Hûsùfe ne sj h ikh isèkmekmu ke piuznekj lrjŤj gve`htjtkhc niaev`meČe+

Iskivkh dh`mjvh ljkenŤljkte niaev`meČhle su=

Niahmekmj vrjnkisth ze neth kived niaev`meČhle h skeanjveČhle

Giktriè ne `h su ufivirh se niaev`meČhle prev`mjkh prjle pisìvkhlpitrjaele g`hmjkete

Zprev`mekmj inkishle se niae`meČhle




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4+4 Hzljke usùfe

Tvrce h keljke

Z prjtcinkim bezh H^H@e, renhì sj ke grjhrekmu h ukeprjċhvekmu usùfe u bezh nhzemke+ Ive beze, Hzljkj usùfe, ishfureve ne pèkhreki aunj h hlp`jljkthreki h ne

pistev`mjkh dh`mjvh aunu istverjkh+

Z ivim bezh sj birlhre pitrjaki zkekmj ze ljkenŤljkt usùfele u trjkutgu gene sj

ikj keċu u s`jnjĆim H^H@ bezh, u ipjrethvkim upitrjah+

]eneteg bezj Hzljke usùfe mj treksbirledhme usùfe keljkmjkhc pisìvkhl

pridjshle u hzvrťki h`h ipjrethvki stekmj+ Ive beze prjuzhle pegjt nhzemkhrekhcusùfe hz prjtcinkj bezj Nhzemke usùfe, pèkhre h uprev`me zectjvekhl gepedhtjtil h

rjsurshle ukuter pegjte, grjhre, tjsthre h puťte pegjt u ipjrethvku upitrjau u

s`jnjĆim bezh, Rrťjkmu usùfe+

Z sùČemu ne sj ahì ťte u vjzh zectjve ze usùfele priljkhì in trjkutge gene su

ikj ah`j ia`hgivekj u bezh nhzemke, ivj priljkj Ćj sj hzvjsth u bezh Hzljkj usùfe+

^jŤhťtj ivj bezj mj ke svhl ahtkhl njte`mhle gimh hlemu unjè u strugturh usùfj gei h

ke bukgdhikhsekmu usùfj u svhl usìvhle rene gimh sj lifu prjnvhnjth, e kj seli

ikhl uiahČemjkhl+

Jbhgeski uprev`mekmj Hzljkele usùfe zkeČeki uvjĆeve spisiakisth hspiruČhide Hûsùfe ne lekhpu`hťj vj`hghl arimjl pitrjakhc hzljke usùfe, pileŤj lu ne usgènhkivj h`h hzljkmjkj usùfj se pisìvkhl zectjvhle h ipjredhmele+

G`muČkh pridjsh

4+4+5+ LjkenŤljkt hzljkele

Tvrce pridjse ljkenŤljkte hzljkele mj ne ishfure=

ne su steknernhzivekj ljtinj h pridjnurj upitrja`mjkj ze jbhgeski h arzi

uprev`mekmj svhl hzljkele

ne su svj hzljkj ke usùfele h kmhcivim hkbrestrugturh, zeaj`jŤjkj u shstjluze ljkenŤljkt gikbhfuredhme




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L jkenŻljkt hzljkele trjae ne pruŤh infivirj ke=

_riljk`mhvj zectjvj pisìvkhc g``hmjkete h ne hstivrjljki slekmumj pretjĆjrhzhgj, prjghnj u renu gei h vj`hČhkj pitrjakhc hzljke

]ectjvj pisìvkhc g`hmjkete gimhle sj H^ usùfj usefèťevemu se kmhcivhl

pisìvkhl pitrjaele

Gikthkuhtjt h piuznekist pisìvkhc pridjse su jsjkdhme`kh ze ipstekeg svegj

pisìvkj irfekhzedhmj+ Hkbrestrugturkj hzljkj ke usùfele lifu hleth kjfethvek

uthdem ke irfekhzedhmj griz prjghnj bukgdhike`kisth usùfe h griz zegeťkmjkme uhnjkthbhgivekmu pisìvkhc zectjve+

Ivi sj hzajfeve prhljkil L jkenŻljkte hzljke gimh hspiruČhidu H^ usùfeilifuĆeve ne ahzkhsu hspiruČh kivu vrjnkist usùfj putjl kjghc in s`jnjĆhcegthvkisth=

_istev`mekmj prhirhtjte tigil rjefivekme ke zectjvj ze hzljkele in strekj

pisìvkhc g`hmjkete

Hlp`jljktedhmil hzljke gimj hspukmevemu zectjvj uz ipthlhzivekj triťgivj

Hzajfevekmj kjuspj`hc linjè hzljke usùfj

Arzil hspirugil treŤjkhc hzljke u nifivirjkhl rigivhle

4+4+1+ LjkenŤljkt gikb hfuredhmil h hkbrestrugturil usùfe

H^ usùfj h shstjlh ke gimhle sj ikj zeskhvemu h`h invhmemu su ljċusiaki zevhskh+êgvh shstjlh su pisjaki gikbhfurhsekh prjle bukgdhmele gimj iaev`memu h prjle

usùfele gimj pruŤemu+

Khmjnke irfekhzedhme kj liŤj u pitpukisth ahth jbhgeske nig kj uprev`me svimiltjckiìťgil hlivhkil ke pregthČek keČhk+ _iljkuth pridjs uprevi ti renh, uprev`me

tjckiìťgil hlivhkil ťti Čhkh iskivu ze nrufj pridjsj ljkenŤljkte usùfele+

Ipthlhzedhme pjrbirleksh tjckiìťgj hlivhkj niprhkish ugupki vhťhl pjrbirlekseleusùfe h ulekmumj pretjĆj djkj h triťgivj usùfe+




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4+4+4+ Ttevgj gikbhfuredhmj

Ttevgj gikbhfuredhmj h`h DH #Dikbhfurethik Htjls( prjnstev`memu hlivku, nji usùfj h`hkjgu nrufu stevgu gime mj h`h Ćj ahth pin giktriìl LjkenŻljkte hzljkele+

Z pregsh pimel kjgj Ttevgj gikbhfuredhmj liŤj hleth ťhrig spjgter zkeČjkme piiskivele gilp`jgskisth, vj`hČhkj h`h thpe, h liŤj iaucveteth gilp`jtku usùfu se

pretjĆhl shstjlil gimh mj seČhkmjk in cernvjre, sibtvjre, niguljktedhmj h isia`me zepinrťgu, ni pimjnhkeČkif sibtvjrsgif linuè h lhkhle`khc cernvjrsghc gilpikjkth+

4+4+>+ Thstjl ze ljkneŤljkt gikbhfuredhmele

]e ljkenŤljkt vj`hghl arimjl, sìŤjkhc H^ usùfe h kmhcivil hkbrestrugturil, girhstjsj shstjlh ze pinrťgu, pizekth h gei DLT shstjlh #Dikbhfurethik LekefjljktTystjls(+

DLT shstjl senrŤh svj hkbirledhmj i Ttevgele gikbhfuredhme DH #Dikbhfurethik

Htjls(+ Ivj stevgj lifu u sjah senrŤeth sibtvjr, niguljktedhmu, s`hgu+ _rhljre renh,

senrŤem kjgj stevgj lifu ahth njte`mh i niaev`meČu, djkh, netulu gupivhkj h`h ufivirhi inrŤevekmu h s`hČke niguljktedhme+

4+4+:+ LjkenŤljkt hznekmhle h itpuťtekmjl usùfe

Jbhgeski uprev`mekmj L jkenŻljktil hznekme h itpuťtekme usùfe ilifuĆevehspiruČhidu H^ usùfe ne hl prhnine kivu vrjnkist putjl=

Arzj hspirugj hzljke, prh ipthle`kim djkh h lhkhle`khl rhzhdhle

Iajzajċhvekme ne g`hmjkth h girhskhdh lifu ne upitrja`mevemu kivj h hzljkmjkj

usùfj ke keČhk gimh mj u sgènu se kmhcivil pisìvkil pregsil

Niari hspèkhrek h hlp`jljkthrek L jkenŻljkt hznekmhle h itpuťtekmjl, nikjĆj vj`hgurez`hgu u triťgivhle usùfe+

]eneteg L jkenŻljkte hznekmhle h itpuťtekmjl usùfe mj ne vrťh hkhdhrekmj prhljkj

birlhrekhc, gilp`jthrekhc hznekme usùfe u pregthČkim upitrjah, gei h ne ishfure ne sj

tj usùfj girhstj ke jbhgesek keČhk, ke keČhk gimh hspiruČumj vrjnkist gremkmjlgirhskhgu+




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]enedh L jkenŻljkte hznekmhle h itpuťtekmjl su u iajzajċhvekmu=

ne su hznekme usùfe meske h rezul`mhve girhskhgu h ne pèkivh prhljkjilifuĆevemu girhskhgu ne usgènh svimj pisìvkj egthvkisth se ivhlpèkivhle

ne pistimh treksbjr zkekme gimj ilifuĆumj girhskhdhle ne ipthlhzumu upitrjauusùfe ke keČhk gimh infivere kmhcivhl pisìvkhl egthvkisthle+

4+4+:+ Re`hnedhme usùfe h tjsthrekmj

Jbhgeski uprev`mekmj hzfrenkmil h tjsthrekmjl usùfe prjnstev`me veŤek gireg gimh

iajzajċumj ne sj hzfrenkme h tjsthrekmj usùfe invhmemu u giktri`hsekil igruŤjkmu+

Kjenjgvetke giktriè igruŤjkme zkeČh ne kjpèkhrekj hzljkj lifu gilprilhtiveth

egthvkisth tjsthrekme h nivjsth ni tife ne sj hzfrenkme usùfe lire renhth in piČjtge+

Tvege H^ irfekhzedhme trjae ne birlhre ivegve igruŤjkme ze sgèpekmj h`h birlhrekmj H^

usùfe u gimhle sj ikj pi birlhrekmu pinvrfevemu tjstivhle+




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4+> Rrťjkmj usùfe

Tvrce h keljke

]eneteg ivj H^H@ bezj mj giirnhkhsekmj h vrťjkmj egthvkisth h pridjse pitrjakhc ze

hspiruČhvekmj h ljkenŤljkt H^ usùfele ke zenetil khviu, ťti mj rekhmj ufivirjki

se pisìvkhl g`hmjkthle h`h girhskhdhle+ Ive beze mj bigushreke ke pitrjakj nkjvkj

egthvkisth h hkbrestrugturu, e gimj sj girhstj gin hspirugj usùfe+

Tvege H^H@ beze pruŤe kjgh vhn vrjnkisth gimh mj keljkmjk pisìvkhl pridjshle h`hgreĆj ahzkhsu+ Rrjnkist H^ usùfj sj uipťtjki pisletremuĆh, njbhkhťj u Ttretjfhmhusùfe, djke usùfj mj grjhreke, prjnpistev`mjke h iniarjke griz bezj Nhzemke h

Hzljkj, nig sj giredh ge ipthlhzedhmh usùfj prjnuzhlemu u pis`jnkmim bezh

Gikthkuhrekif ukeprjĕhvekme H^ usùfj+

êgi mj beze Rrťjkme usùfe, ike teČge u gimim sj inhfreve hzvrťjkmj ni tenehspèkhrekif, nhzemkhrekif h ipthlhzivekif+ Hz ufè pisìvkif g`hmjkte, ik sj u ivim

bezh zehste susrjĆj se vrjnkiťĆu H^ usùfj+

G`muČkh pridjsh

4+>+5+ LjkenŤljkt nifeċemhle #Jvjkt Lekefjljkt(

Nifeĕem sj liŻj njbhkhseth gei ahì gime pimeve gime hle ljr`mhv uthdem keljkenŻljkt H^ hkbrestrugturj h`h ke hspiruČhvekmj H^ usùfe h Čhmh ne`mh rezvim liŻjhleth pis`jnhdj ke piljkutj usùfj+

Nifeċemh iahČki prjnstev`memu iaevjťtjkme gime su fjkjrhseke in stekj kjgj H^

usùfj, Ttevgj gikbhfuredhmj #DH(, h`h eète ze kenzir+ LjkenŻljkt nifeĕemhle sj

liŤj prhljkhth ke ahì gimh espjgt ljkenŤljkte usùfele gimh trjae ne ahthgiktri`hsek h fnj sj ti trjae eutiletsgh vrťhth+ Kjgh in ivhc espjgete lifu ahth=

Kenzir sibtvjrsghc `hdjkdh, kmhciv arim, `jfe`kh rig tremekme

Ajzajnkist #preĆjkmj upene(

ZiahČemjkj egthvkisth #preĆjkmj hzvrťevekme kjgj ep`hgedhmj h`h kmjkhc pjrbirleksh ke sjrvjru(




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_iliĆu ljkenŤljkte nifeċemhle liŤj sj hzvjsth reke njtjgdhme hkdhnjkete+Rjile Čjsti, egi sj lifuĆe hkdhnjktke shtuedhme ke vrjlj prjpizke h prevh`ki

gèshbhgumj, lifuĆj mj prhljkhth infiveremuĆj egthvkisth prj kjfi sj pimevh ahì gegevia`hg nhsbukgdhike`kisth u vrťjkmu H^ usùfe+

Egi sj gei pridjs, hktjfrhťj u renu se nrufhl ljkenŤljkt pridjshle gei ťti suL jkenŻljkt gepedhtjtil h nistupkiťĆu, ikne liŤj h ne fjkjrhťj iaevjťtjkmeprh`hgil priljke stekme h`h pimevj hzuzjtege u thl pridjshle+

êgi, u svimim iskivh, L jkenŻljkt nifeĕemhle pruŤe iskivu ze eutilethzivekmjipjredhme, ČhkjČh hc jbhgeskhmhl h uz redhike`ku upitrjau `munsghc rjsurse+

4+>+1+ LjkenŤljkt Hkdhnjkthle

LjkenŻljkt hkdhnjkthle #Hkdhnjkt Lekefjljkt( sj aevh sveghl nifeċemjl gimhprjghne h`h liŤj prjghkuth vrťjkmj usùfj+ Ivi sj inkish gegi ke nifeċemj prhmev`mjkj

in strekj girhskhge putjl sjrvhskhc njsgive, tegi h griz hktjfrhsekh wja hktjrbjms

L jkenŻljkte nifeĕeme h L jkenŻljkte hkdhnjkete+ Hkdhnjkth lifu ahth prhmev`mjkh h in

strekj tjckhČgif isia`me+

Zthdem L jkenŻljkte hkdhnjkthle ègi mj uiČ`mhv pisìvkhl g`hmjkthle+ Kmjfivjprjnkisth sj niste ègťj njlikstrhremu u sveginkjvkim pregsh kjfi gin nrufhc

shstjle ljkenŤljkte+ î mj h mjnek in fèvkhc rezìfe zeťti sj aeť ivem vhnljkenŤljkte Čjsti prvh usveme h hlp`jljkthre u primjgthle ze ljkenŤljktusùfele+

Girhsth sj ze njtjgdhmu h rezrjťevekmj hkdhnjkthkhc shtuedhme gimj iljtemu pisìvkjpridjsj, prvi hnjkthbhgumj pisìvkj prhirhtjtj, e pitil se kmhle usefèťeve pitrjakjH^ egthvkisth+ Kmjfive prhljke Čjsti nivinh ni hnjkthbhgedhmj lifuĆhc piai`mťekme keH^ usùfele, mjr griz rezuljvekmj hkdhnjktkhc shtuedhme nièzh h zkekmj ťte trjae

priljkhth+

Tjrvhskh njsg #Tjrvhdj njsg( rugivekmjl hkdhnjkthle, hnjkthbhgumj kivj lifuĆjusùfj gei h pitrjakj gursjvj h`h trjkhkfj ze svimj h`h isia`mj gimj prhprene pisìvkim

irfekhzedhmh+

Z pregsh, vj`hgh arim hkdhnjktkhc pimeve sj kj inhfreve pi prvh put, h nifinhĆj sj ipjt+]eti lkifj H^ irfekhzedhmj girhstj linj`j hkdhnjktkhc shtuedhme gimh prjnstev`memu

sgup ukeprjn njbhkhsekhc girege h`h egthvkisth gimj trjae prjnuzjth gene sj hkdhnjkt

nifinh+




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_itrjaki mj girhsthth h eètj ze pinrťgu, Čhlj sj iajzajċumj ne sj steknernkh hkdhnjkthiareċumu pi ukeprjn inrjċjkhl giredhle h egthvkisthle h ukuter prjnjbhkhsekhc

vrjljksghc rigive+

Linj`h hkdhnjktkhc shtuedhme iahČki senrŤj pitrjakj giregj ze kmhcivi rjťevekmj,crikiìťgh rjnis`jn girege, piarimekj infivirkisth, gi ťte trjae ne renh, vrjljksgjrigivj, pridjnurj jsgeèdhmj, gi h gene trjae ahth giktegthrek+ Linj`j trjae girhsthth

griz upitrjau eutilethzivekhc sibtvjrsghc eète+

Tvh hkdhnjkth sj aj`jŤj, se zephsil i vrjljku h netulu kestekge+ Nji svegj

aj`jťgj i hkdhnjktu mj h hsprevke getjfirhzedhme hkdhnjkte piliĆu ginkj izkegj

getjfirhmj, ťti ilifuĆumj ne sj pivinil hkdhnjktkj shtuedhmj uputh infiveremuĆh

pizhv ke prevu streku+

_rhirhtjt hkdhnjkte sj steknernki inrjċumj prjgi tife gi`hgi mj arzi pitrjaki rjťhthnetu shtuedhmu h gi`hgh mj uthdem hkdhnjkte, e ufèvkil sj ljrh griz arim girhskhge ke

gimj uthČj+

Hkhdhme`ku nhmefkizu hkdhnjkte vrťh sjrvhskh njsg, girhstjĆh nhmefkisthČgj sgrhptj h aezj

shlptile h rjťjkme+ Zgi`hgi sjrvhskh njsg kj liŤj sel ne rezrjťh hkdhnjktkushtuedhmu, h`h pitriťh prjnjbhkhseki vrjlj ze tu egthvkist, vrťh sj jsgeèdhme sùČeme kene`mj khvij pinrťgj h ti sj kezhve bukgdhike`ke jsgeèdhme+

Zgi`hgi mj hkdhnjkth izah`mkhmj prhrinj, i tilj sj liremu iaevjsthth h infiveremuĆh H^ljkenŤjrh h ne`mj pi vhshkh u èkdu chmjrerchmj+ Ivem vhn uzaukmhvekme sj kezhve

chmjrerchmsge jsgeèdhme+

Hstrefe h nhmefkisthge ug`muČumu sgup rezkivrskhc egthvkisth zevhski in thpe hkdhnjkte h

ufèvkil sj zeskhvemu ke utvrċhvekmu uzrige hkdhnjkte, rjnis`jne nifeċeme,utvrċhvekmu rezljre uthdeme hkdhnjkte, inrjċhvekmu lifuĆhc pivjzekhc pis`jnhČkhcnifeċeme h nrufhc girege+

Gene sj prikeċj rjťjkmj ze inrjċjku hkdhnjktku shtuedhmu iki sj prhljkmumj h pitiltjsthre+ Egi mj kegik privjrj sjrvhskh njsg utvrnhi ne mj hkdhnjkt u pitpukisth

rezrjťjk, e pisìvkh girhskhg hsthl zenivi`mek, u nifiviru se girhskhgil, hkdhnjktkhsùČem sj zetvere+ _rh`hgil zetverekme hkdhnjktkif sùČeme, sjrvhskh njsg privjreve ne

`h mj hkdhnjkt miť ke piČjtgu ahi hsprevki getjfirhzivek, h egi khmj, ti sj renh ke

zetverekmu+ _itil sj sprivinh hsphthvekmj girhskhgivif zenivi`mstve putjl uphtkhge+

Hkdhnjktkh sùČem sj niguljktumj+ _rivjreve sj ne `h sj neth hkdhnjkt liŤj pikivhth,egi mj pridjke ne liŤj, pria`jl sj aj`jŤh h u ljkenŤljktu pria`jlhle+ Ke gremusj hkdhnjkt zvekhČki zetvere+




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4+>+4+ Hspukmevekmj zectjve #Qjqujst Bu`bh`ljkt(

Lkifh in ivhc zectjve su u hkbirlethČgil slhsù, aeke`kj prhrinj h lifu sj inkishthke le`j hzljkj u pisìvkhl ipjredhmele, gei ťti su zectjvh ze priljkil ťhbrj kereČukeru, zectjvh ze hksteèdhmil kjgj sibtvjrsgj ep`hgedhmj h`h zectjvh ze rjìgedhmilreČukersgj iprjlj, e stjpjk kmhcivj uČjsteìsth h khsgif rhzhge Čhkh ne sjhspukmevekmj zectjve ČjťĆj sprivinh gei zesjaek pridjs, kjfi u hktjfredhmh seljkenŤljktil hkdhnjkthle+

Z svegil sùČemu, gime fin ne mj veŤkist ivhc zectjve, hkdhnjkth prjnstev`memukjpèkhrekj nifeċemj, nig su zectjvh ufèvkil ukeprjn hspèkhrekh nifeċemh+ Hz ivhcrezìfe sj vjĆhl irfekhzedhmele vhťj hspèth ne hspukmevekmj zectjve vinj gei

pisjaek renkh pridjs+

Lkifh zectjvh ze usùfil Ćj ahth pikev`mekh hzkive, tegi ne sj H^ irfekhzedhmeleprjpiruČumj upitrjae linjè #prjnjbhkhsekhc pridjskhc tigive( u hspukmevekmu ivhc

zectjve+

RjĆhke zectjve ze usùfil ufèvkil nièzh h`h prjgi sjrv hskif njsge h`h prjgi wja

aezhrekif birluère ze ukis zectjve+

Hspukmevekmj zectjve ze H^ usùfele sj ufèvkil zeskhve ke=

Zfivirhle gimh njbhkťu gimj usùfj Ćj ahth steknernki pikuċjkj h gi liŤj nehc zetreŤh+ Zfivere sj tegiċj h djke tegvhc usùfe+

Zsùfj Čhmj sj zectjvekmj hspukmeve su prjnstev`mjkj gei nji Geteìfe usùfepisìvkhl g`hmjkthle h iahČki su nistupkj putjl hktrekjt lrjŤj+

Mjnkistevkil prhstupu ivhl usùfele+ Nivi`mek mj pizhv ge sjrvhskil njsgu

h`h putjl wja prhstupe, kemČjťĆj putjl DLT shstjle ke hktrekjt lrjŤh+




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4+>+>+ LjkenŤljkt pria`jlhle

_i H^H@u, pria`jl sj njbhkhťj gei kjpizket uzrig mjnkif h`h vhťj hkdhnjkete+ LjkenŻljkt pria`jlhle sj aevh uprev`mekmjl svhl pria`jlhle griz kmhciv Ťhvitkhdhgùs+ Fèvke lhshme ivif thpe ljkenŤljkte mj u prjvjkdhmh pimevj pria`jle, e thljh hkdhnjkete gimh hz kmhc kestemu+

Ik ug`muČumj egthvkisth pitrjakj ze nhmefkisthgu uzrige pria`jle h piguťeve neprikeċj kmhcivi rjťjkmj+

LjkenŻljkt pria`jlhle jvhnjkthre h Čuve svj hkbirledhmj i pria`jlhle,

prikeċjkhl rjťjkmhle, gei h i prikeċjkhl prhvrjljkhl rjťjkmhle, gime khsu hsti

niare gei ike gime sj tremkif geregtrjre, e`h u netil liljktu ilifuĆumu arŤjuspistev`mekmj prjghkuthc pisìvkhc egthvkisth+

Hegi su L jkenŻljkt pria`jlhle h LjkenŻljkt hkdhnjkthle invimjkh pridjsh, ikh su

a`hsgi pivjzekh h Čjsti zectjvemu hstj eètj h hlemu s`hČek shstjl getjfirhzedhmj, uthdem hshstjl pistev`mekme prhirhtjte+ LjkenŻljkt pria`jlhle gei pridjs liŤj ahthrjegdhmsgh h prjvjkthvkh+




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4+: Gikthkuhreki ukeprjĕ hvekmj usùfe

Tvrce h keljke

_is`jnkme beze H^H@ aha`hitjgj, Gikthkuhreki ukeprjĕhvekmj usùfe #Dikthkue` TjrvhdjHlprivjljkt(, zeskhve sj ke inrŤevekmu h ukeprjċhvekmu vrjnkisth gimj sj griz H^

usùfj, pruŤemu pisìvkhl g`hmjkthle, ťti sj Čhkh ste`khl ukeprjċhvekmjl usùfe h

pridjse ukuter Ťhvitkhc dhgùse ljkenŤljkte usùfe+

Zkeprjċhvekmj usùfe khmj kive pregse, hpeg vj`hgh arim irfekhzedhme mj kj uzhle ze

izah`mki+ Ive beze, Čjsti pistemj nji primjgte tjg piťti sj nifinh kjťti ìťj h`hkegik pimevj pria`jle gimh uthČu ke pisìvkj pridjsj+

Gene sj niċj ni rezrjťjkme, ive beze sj iahČki pikivi arzi zeairev`me, svj nikjgj kivj pria`jlethČkj shtuedhmj+

Beze Gikthkuhrekif ukeprjĕhvekme usùfe sj zeskhve ke linjù, gimh sùŤh zehnjkthbhgedhmu h uprev`mekmj njtjgtivekhl piai`mťekmhle, pirjċjkmjl trjkutkhc pizhdhme hvrjnkisth gimj sj pruŤemu ahzkhsu h preĆjkmjl zedrtekhc nufiriČkhc dh`mjve+

T`hge 4+4 — Linj` gikthkuhrekif ukeprjĕhvekme usùfe, hzvir W>\




T t r e k e | 4>

G`muČkh pridjsh h egthvkisth

Beze sj zeskhve ke trh iskivke pridjse piliĆu gimhc sj iajzajċumj uspjťkehlp`jljktedhme gikthkuhrekif ukeprjċhvekme+ û spenemu pr idjs ukeprjċhvekme usjnel girege, ljrjkmj usùfe h hzvjťtevekmj i usùfele+

4+:+5+ Zkeprjċhvekmj usùfe u sjnel girege

Ivem pridjs senrŤh giregj pitrjakj ze prhgup`mekmj slhs`jkhc pinetege, kmhcivueke`hzu renh hnjkthbhgedhmj trjknive h hzuzjtege, kmhcivu prjzjktedhmu rugivinstvu ne ah

sj inrjnh`h prhirhtjth, keprevh`h ufivirh h prhljkhè ukeprjċjkme ke usùfele+

Tvegh in ivhc girege sj vinh stretjťghl, tegthČghl h ipjrethvkhl dh`mjvhle, njbhkhsekhltigil beze Ttretjfhmj h Nhzemke usùfe+

Gireg 5 Njbhkhsekmj ťte Ćj sj ljrhth

Testimh sj in sgupe ljrjkme, Čhmhl hzviċjkmjl trjae hnjkthbhgiveth ne `h sj pistev`mjkh

dh`mjvh istverumu u pitpukisth+

Gireg 1 Njbhkhsekmj ťte sj zehste liŻj ljrhth

IahČki sj kj liŤj svj hzljrhth+ H^ irfekhzedhmj gene kehċu ke ive ifrekhČjkme lifu

ne hc eke`hzhremu, prireČukemu lifuĆj rhzhgj h hzvjstj svimj pisìvkj g`hmjktj i

lifuĆhl hlp`hgedhmele+

Gireg 4 _rhgup`mekmj pinetege

Z ivil giregu sj vrťh kenzir h prhgup`mekmj pinetege+ _inedh sj lifu prhgup`methgilahkiveki, piliĆu sibtvjrsghc eète ze kenzir, gei h griz lekuj`kh pridjsprhgup`mekme pinetege+

_ridjs kenzire preth jbhgeskist usùfe, pridjse, eète irfekhzedhmj+ Egdjket mj ke

hnjkthbhgedhmh fnj mj lifuĆj prhljkhth kivi ukeprjċjkmj ke pistimjĆjl khviu usùfj,khviu pjrbirleksh h`h prikeèŤjkmjl sgrhvjkhc kjnistetege+




T t r e k e | 4:

Āeg gene sj h Zfivir i khviu usùfj — T@E, nis`jnki hspukmeve, ive beze h ne`mj

piguťeve ne hnjkthbhgumj ne `h su lifuĆe kjge piai`mťekme, ťti griz kenifrenkmu

usùfj, ťti griz khŤu djku usùfj+

Gireg > Iareĕhvekmj pinetege

Thrivh pinedh sj prvi prjaedumu u pitrjakh birlet, tegi ne lifu pruŤhth gilp`jtkus`hgu i pjrbirleksele usùfe h`h pridjse+

Kenzir gimh sj vrťh h ken pimjnhkeČkhl gilpikjktele mj veŤek, mjr pruŤe uvhn ubukgdhikhsekmj pimjnhkif njè u rjèdhmh se iste`hl njìvhle hkbrestrugturj+

Gireg : Eke`hzhrekmj pinetege

Eke`hze pinetege vrťh treksbirledhmu pinetege u zkekmj i nifeċemhle gimh uthČu keren irfekhzedhmj+

Mjnkil gene sj pinedhm prjtvirj u hkbirledhmu, rjzu`teth sj lifu eke`hzhreth h pruŤhthinfivir ke kjge in phtekme=

Ne `h irfekhzedhme istverumj zedrtekj dh`mjvj9

Ne `h sj mev`memu inrjĕjkh trjknivh u pregsh 9

Ne `h su pitrjakj girjgthvkj egthvkisth h gime mj kmhcive djke9

Gireg 2 _rjzjktivekmj h upitrjae hkbirledhme

Niahmjki zkekmj sene sj liŤj prjnstevhth u ègi rezul`mhvil birletu h ilifuĆeveljkenŤljktu ne nikish stretjťgj, tegthČgj h ipjrethvkj inùgj+ Hkbirledhme gime sjprjnstev`me trjae ne prhgeŤj gegi kjnistetgj u vrťjkmu usùfj, tegi h piai`mťekmegime sj hnjkthbhgumu tigil vrjljke+

Z nekeťkmj vrjlj, H^ lire ne hkvjsthre u rezuljvekmj spjdhbhČkhc pisìvkhc dh`mjve hne prhèfinh H^ ljtrhgu ivhl dh`mjvhle+ Hzvjťtemh pirjn hnjkthbhgivekhc kjnistetegetrjae ne senrŤj h pizhthvkj espjgtj mjr su ikh kemai`me rjgèle ze H^ irfekhzedhmu+




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Gireg 6 Hlp`jljktedhme girjgthvkhc ljre

Niahmjki zkekmj sj tegiċj girhsth h ze ipthlhzedhmu, ukeprjċjkmj h girjgdhmu usùfe,pridjse h nrufhc tjckiìfhme+ Girjgthvkj ljrj ze piai`mťekmj usùfe, trjaemu ahthhnjkthbhgivekj h zethl prinhsgutivekj ukuter gilpekhmj+

Beze Gikthkuhrekif ukeprjĕhvekme usùfe Ćj hnjkthbhgiveth vj`hgh arim lifuĆhcukeprjċjkme h ljkenŤljkt H^ irfekhzedhmj lire ne inrjċumj prhirhtjtj, zevhski insvimhc dh`mjve h nistupkhc rjsurse+

Ivem pridjs sj kegik prièsge griz svhc sjnel girege gikthkuhreki pikev`me in

piČjtge+

4+:+1+ Ljrjkmj usùfe

Lifu sj hznvimhth Čjthrh fèvke rezìfe ze vrťjkmj kenzire h ljrjkme, h ti=

Re`hnedhme prjncinki nikjthc inùge

Zprev`mekmj egthvkisthle tegi ne pisthŤu zedrtekj dh`mjvj

Inrjċhvekmj gene mj pitrjaki prhljkhth ukeprjċjkme

Hlp`jljktedhme ukeprjċjkme ke previl ljstu

^hlj pridjs ljrjkme h kenzire pinuphrj bezu Gikthkuhrekif ukeprjĕhvekme usùfe h

Čhkh mjnek in kemvhte`khmhc njìve u ljkenŤljktu usùfe+

Lifu sj hznvimhth h trh iskivke keČhke ke gimj sj hzvinh ljrjkmj=

^jckiìťge ljtrhge — pivjzeke se nistupkiťĆu h`h pjrbirleksele ep`hgedhmjh`h gilpikjktj

_ridjske ljtrhge — pivjzeke se ljrjkmjl pjrbileksh pridjse

Ljtrhge usùfe — ljtrhge gime ljrh rjzu`tetj kjgj usùfj in piČjtge ni greme




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4+:+4+ Hzvjťtevekmj i usùfele

Rj`hgj gi`hČhkj pinetege sj nkjvki prhgup`memu h kenzhru, ne ah sj hspiruČh`j gve`htjtkjusùfj pisìvkhl irfekhzedhmele+ _isìvkj irfekhzedhmj pisjaki zekhle prjf`jn

pjrbirleksh H^ usùfe u pritjgìl pjrhinu, gei h kjnistedh gimh sj pimev`mumu u

gikthkuhtjtu, pe u sgènu se thlj Ťj`j ne sef`jnemu gegi Ćj sj H^ irfekhzedhme hzairhthse tegvhl pria`jlhle+

Z ivil njù sj in H^ irfekhzedhmj iČjgumj ne hle hzfreċjk prhstup u rjťevekmutegvhc pria`jle, ne pistimh svjst i tilj ťte sj in kjnistetege h hzuzjtege nifinhì,ťte sj pivinil tife renh h gegi Ćj H^ irfekhzedhme iajzajnhth ne sj tegvh kjnistedhvhťj kj pikev`memu+




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>+ _rjf`jn sibtvjrsghc eète ze uprev`mekmj H^ usùfil

Ne ah sj prhgup`me`j h eke`hzhre`j hkbirledhmj i prjghnhle u bukgdhikhsekmu usùfe,

pitrjaki mj ne H^ irfekhzedhme girhsth eètj+ H ivh eèth su ufèvkil u birlh

keljksgif, eutilethzivekif sibtvjre+

Tibtvjrsgh eèth prhgup`memu hkbirledhmj i hkdhnjktkhl shtuedhmele, getjfirhťu hc prjleurfjktkisth h Čuvemu hc u rjfhstru+

_itil hc mj ègi eke`hzhreth h niahth mesku s`hgu i arimu tegvhc shtuedhme pi ljsjdhle, i

tilj gi mj ahi zenuŤjk ze kmhcivi rjťevekmj, gime mj ahè arzhke rjefivekme ke

hkdhnjktku shtuedhmu, ťte mj ahì rjťjkmj tegvj shtuedhmj, pruŤemuĆh tegi gilp`jtku s`hgupjrbirleksh H^ prjnuzjĆe+

Ljrjkmj pjrbirleksh H^ prjnuzjĆe niprhkish ai`mjl rezuljvekmu gimu ti arzhku hvrjnkist usùfe g`hmjkt iČjgumj u svimhl zectjvhle+

Ljrjkmj pjrbirleksh sj iahČki hzvinh u trh girege=

Ztvrċumu sj zectjvh g`hmjkete

Grjhremu sj ljrkh pridjsh

Zkuter g`hmjktsghc zectjve inrjċumu sj rjbjrjktkh dh`mjvh, kesprel gimhc sj

liŤj hzvjsth ljrjkmj pjrbirleksh

Hzair prevj ljtrhgj khmj uvjg mjnkistevek pridjs+ Rj`hgh arim gilpekhme Ćj hzearethinsrjnkmj dh`mjvj ze hzviċjkmj ljrjkme pjrbirleksh, ťti khmj niare pregse+ G`muČki mjne sj ljrjkme hzvinj kesprel vhsigi pistev`mjkhc h zectjvkhmhc dh`mjve+

LifuĆkist ljrjkme pjrbirleksh H^ prjnuzjĆe mj tjlj`m ze grjhrekmj rje`kj pikunj

gimu kjgi H^ prjnuzjĆj liŤj ne pikunh+ Ajz ljr`mhvhc rjzu`tete u priťìsth, H^prjnuzjĆj ̀ egi liŤj ne iajĆe h vhťj kjfi ťti zehste liŤj ne hspukh u pregsh+




T t r e k e | 48

T`hge >+5+ — Hzf`jn nescaiern jgreke u prifrelu LekefjJkfhkj TjrvhdjNjsg _ùs, hzvir W51\

H^H@ prjpiruČumj preĆjkmj h aj`jŤjkmj svegif prjghne u bukgdhikhsekmu H^ usùfe, pe

H^ irfekhzedhme gime renh pi thl prjpirugele, vrjljkil liŤj ne ibirlh rjfhster hkdhnjktkhc shtuedhme, gimh pruŤe uvhn u jbhgeskist usùfe h`h ne prhgeŤj hsgezekjpjrbirleksj ljkenŤjre h`h sjrvhsjre gimh mj ahi zenuŤjk ze rjťevekmj hkdhnjktkjshtuedhmj+

^hlj sj niahme pitrjake ljtrhge h svjugupkj pjrbileksj H^ prjnuzjĆe pistemuljr`mhvj+

H^ prjnuzjĆj gimj 51 ljsjdh preth h inljreve ke ivem keČhk svimj pjrbirleksj, ukerjnkim finhkh, hle iskivu h niari zke ťte h gegi in usùfe liŤj ne pikunh hiajĆe+ Zìfe H^H@ eète mj h vhťjzkeČke+ _irjn isteìf, H^H@ eèth pileŤu H^ gilpekhmhne kj prjgrťh svimj T@E #Tjrvhdj @jvj` Efrjjljkt ( ufivirj+




T t r e k e | >?

_istimh si`hnke pikune e`ete gimh sj lifu keĆh ke trŤhťtu+ Ljċu kmhle kempizkethmhsibtvjrsgh pegjth su=

C_ Tjrvhdj Lekefjr 8+1 gimh iaucvete sgiri svj pistimjĆj bezj H^H@e

HAL ^hvi`h Tjrvhdj Qjqujst Lekefjr gimh iaucvete=

Hkdhnjkt Lekefjljkt, _ria`jl Lekefjljkt h Qjqujst Bu`bh`ljkt

ALD Qjljny Tjrvhdj Njsg gimh senrŤh Hkdhnjkt Lekefjljkt h _ria`jl

Lekefjljkt

LekefjJkfhkj TjrvhdjNjsg _`us gimh senrŤh linu`j ze vjĆhku H^H@ beze




T t r e k e | >5

:+ _rhljke H^H@ prjpiruge ke sjrvhs reČukersgj iprjlj

:+5+ H^H@ u pregsh

Qezìzh ze prhljku H^H@e u vrťjkmu usùfe sjrvhshrekme reČukersgj iprjlj lifu ahtharimkh, e`h prhlerkh lithv mj u pitrjae ne sj ti renh miť ai`mj kjfi rekhmj+

Z pregsh, H^ irfekhzedhmj Čjsti zepiČhkmu se nj`hlhČkhl usvemekmjl H^H@ aha`hitjgj htene usvememu ikj pridjsj gimh lifu kemvhťj uthdeth ke rjťevekmj kmhcivhc pria`jle+

Zviċjkmj pregsj pi H^H@ prjpirugele mj nufitremek pridjs+ LiŤj priĆh h finhku hvhťj neke prj kjfi ťti prhljke H^H@e niahmj ljsti u svjsth `munh+ Kivh pridjsh gimj

nikish H^H@, zectjvemu ne zepis`jkh u sjrvhskhl inj`mjkmhle inaedj steru pregsu h

prhljkj kivj iaresdj u svil sveginkjvkil renu+ î mj iphseki pimlil gu`turj+

Gegi mj tjle ivif rene prhljke H^H@ prjpiruge ke vrťjkmj usùfe sjrvhshrekmereČukersgj iprjlj, u ne`mjl tjgstu net mj rjeèk prhgez H^ gilpekhmj gime pruŤe Hûsùfj gegi spi`mkmhl, tegi h ukutreťkmhl pisìvkhl g`hmjkthle, u gimj spenemu

hlp`jljktedhmj h sjrvhshrekmj hkbirledhikhc shstjle h iprjlj+

:+1+ Ttunhme sùČ eme , iphs H^ irfekhzedhmjW6\

Gilpekhme êa @hlhtjn prjnstev`me H^ irfekhzedhmu srjnkmj vj`hČhkj se inrjċjkhlarimjl renkhc hspisteve ťhril eustre`hmsgj nrŤevj Kjw Tiutc Ve`js+ Hkbirledhikj

tjckiìfhmj prjnstev`memu tjlj`m ze kmhcivu fèvku njètkist, hspirugu H^ prihzvine h

usùfe kmhcivhl g`hmjkthle+

îgil kjgi`hgi finhke, ive H^ irfekhzedhme mj priťè griz treksbirledhmu h priťhrhèbrikt svimj njètkisth se sjrvhshrekme lehkbrelj shstjle h gremkmhc tjrlhkeè ge

sìŤjkhmhl h rezkivrskhmhl usùfele gimj su pribh`hsekj prjle zectjvhle g`hmjkete+

Ni ivhc priťhrjkme u pisìvekmu niťì mj upirjni se uviċjkmjl nhstrhauhrekhc shstjleug`muČumuĆh hktjrkjt, pimevu rezkhc De`` djktere h nrufhc, ufèvkil ke hktjrkjtu

zeskivekhc sjrvhse+




T t r e k e | >1

_irestil arime usùfe gimj su u pikunh, niteneťkmh keČhk uprev`mekme hkdhnjktkhlshtuedhmele h pria`jlhle, ufèvkil iphsek griz tjckhČgj pridjnurj niťei mj pin

vj`hgi iptjrjĆjkmj, sesvhl prhťevťh frekhdh kegik gimj ah ahè ufriŤjke hspirugevhsigi gve`htjtkhc usùfe, h pi hsthl djkele+

:+4+ Gu`ture H^ irfekhzedhmj

Gu`ture kjgj H^ irfekhzedhmj Čjsti sj kj vhnh seli griz kmjku sveginkjvku pregsu uuprev`mekmu pridjnurele, pi`hsele h bukgdhikhsekmu gileknkif èkde, vjĆ h grizkmjki isia`mj+

Ajz rezlhť`mekme i gu`turh, H^ isia`mj tjŤh ruthkh tigil hzvreťevkme svimhc zenetege hiaevjze, ťti vhťj is`hgeve gu`turu u vj`hghl H^ girpiredhmele kjfi Ťj`mjku gu`turugimu nikish ‐kemai`me pregse“+

Z H^ ljkenŤljktu ivj H^ irfekhzedhmj prjpize`h su zkeČem pitrjaj zeukeprjċhvekmjl pridjse h priljkil gilpekhmsgj gu`turj u kivhl igi`kisthle+Zspj`h su ne njbhkhťu svimu kemveŤkhmu pitrjau ze priljkil, e ti mj pitrjae zeuviċjkmjl iamjnhkmjkif pridjse gimh iaucvete ljkenŤljkt hkdhnjkthle,

pria`jlhle h hzljkele, e gimh Ćj prh tilj ahth h bhkekshmsgh iprevnek h u sgènu se

kemai`mil pregsil+

Gei rjťjkmj ze netu shtuedhmu ineare`h su H^H@ aha`hitjgu ‐kemai`mj pregsj“+

:+>+ Ttunhme pisìvkif sùČeme

_i njbhkhsekmu fèvkif, stretjťgif dh`me i usvemekmu kemai`mj pregsj, itvirjke mjstunhme pisìvekme gime mj zepiČjte eke`hzil stekme u niteneťkmim irfekhzedhmh ivj H^gilpekhmj+ Ztvrċjkh su s`jnjĆh kemveŤkhmh pria`jlh=

Z irfekhzedhmh pisìvekme pistimh vj`hgh arim prjgèpekme u nuŻkisthle h renkhlbukgdhmele

Z H^ irfekhzedhmh kjpistimh iamjnhkmjk prhstup u uprev`mekmu hkdhnjkthle,

pria`jlhle h hzljkele

Hkdhnjktkj shtuedhmj sj kj eke`hzhremu h kj hsphtumu sj pimevj trjknive u thl

shtuedhmele

Kj pistimh eke`hze uzrige rezkhc hkdhnjktkhc pimeve




T t r e k e | >4

Kj pistimh meski njbhkhseke pi`hthge gin uprev`mekme hzljkele

Qezkivrskj hzljkj ke H^ hkbrestrugturh h ep`hgedhmele sj invhmemu ajz zvekhČkif iniarjkme

êgiĕj, ivj hzljkj sj Čjsti kj zegezumu h hzvrťevemu u tjrlhkhle gimh ah hle`h

kemlekmj uthdeme ke pisìvkj egthvkisth

Kj vrťh sj pridjke rhzhge gin hlp`jljktedhmj hzljke ke usùfele

Kj vrťh sj lifuĆe eutilethzedhme u pruŻekmu usùfj ťti ah lifì ne skhzh djku usùfj

Nete stunhme mj pitil hstegè h kearimeè prjnkisth gimj sj iČjgumu in usvemekme

prjpiruge ‐kemai`mj pregsj“ u ljkenŤljktu hkdhnjkthle, pria`jlhle h hzljkele, u

gimj spenemu h s`jnjĆj=

_ivjĆeke ajzajnkist H^ hkbrestugturj

_ivjĆek khvi usùfe, kmhcivj nistupkisth h hspirugj

Ttretjťge priljke u gu`turh H^ ljkenŻljkte, prjèsgil se r jegdhmsgj ke

prjvjkthvku prhrinu

]keČemki ukeprjĕjkmj pridjse h kmhcivi usgèĕjkmj se H^H@ prjpirugele

]keČemkj uťtjnj u ipjrethvkhl triťgivhle #tigil prvj trh finhkj ivj uťtjnj

su nisthf`j hzkis in 3+1 lh`hike eustre`hmsghc nière h`h igi 2+1:6+??? JZQ(

keljkmjkhl ze hlp`jljktedhmu sibtvjrsghc eète, ze kenzir h preĆjkmj ukuter ljkenŻljkte hkdhnjkthle, pria`jlhle h hzljkele+

Ke gremu stunhmj pisìvkif sùČeme pridjkmjki mj ne ah djke primjgte hlp`jljktedhmjH^H@ aha`hitjgj hzkishè 1+8 lh`hike eustre`hmsghc nière h`h igi 1+1 lh`hike JZQ+

:+:+ Qezrene sùČeme

:+:+5+ Ttretjťgh rezìzh

Z H^ irfekhzedhmh su njbhkhse`h fèvkj tegthČgj rezìfj h`h lithvj ze hlp`jljktedhmu H^H@

prjpiruge, h ti su ah`h ljkenŤljkt hkdhnjkthle h pria`jlhle h ljkenŤljkthzljkele+




T t r e k e | >>

:+:+1+ Tibtvjrsgh eèth

Ztvrċjki mj ne mj ze pitrjaj eutilethzedhmj ljkenŤljkte hkdhnjkthle, pria`jlhle hhzljkele kuŤki girhsthth kjgh in prhgènkhc sibtvjrsghc eète+ îl prh`hgil surezletrekj s`jnjĆj ipdhmj=

Ipdhme 5 — Ttetus Uui kj ljkmeth pistimjĆj stekmj

Tvj vjĆe sìŤjkist kivhc usùfe, gei h keČhkh kmhcivj hspirugj, vjile arzi ah hle`h

kjfethvek uthdem ke gve`htjt H^ usùfe, ugi`hgi ah sj ren ke hspirudh usùfe kestevhi u

igvhrhle pistimjĆj hkbrestrugturj+

Ipdhme 1 — _riťhrjkmj njètkisth seneťkmjf sjrvhskif njsge

Niseneťkmh sjrvhskh njsg, ufèvkil mj hlei uìfu rjegthvkif cj`p njsge h ajzzkeČemkhc uìfe u nrufhl iaèsthle+ _ridjkmjki mj ne ah isèkmekmj ke kmjfivu

bukgdhike`kist hleì jbjgte u greĆjl vrjljksgil rigu, nig ah ke nuŤj stezjivegve inùge nivjè ni pimevj inrjċjkhc rhzhge=

pistimjĆe ep`hgedhme se gimhl sjrvhskh njsg renh mj zesterjè h kjle ne`mu pinrťgu in strekj prihzviĕeČe

piljkute ep`hgedhme kj iamjnhkmeve bukgdhike`kisth ljkenŻljkte hzljkele h ljkenŻljkte ze hspukmevekmj zectjve

vrjlj pitrjaki ze selisteèk rezvim Żj`mjkhc gilpikjkth zkeČemki prjleťumj vrjlj pitrjaki ze hlp`jljktedhmu e`tjrkethvkhc rjťjkme

ze gilp`jtki iamjnhkmevekmj ljkenŻljkte hkdhnjkthle, pria`jlhle h hzljkele ke pistimjĆim pètbirlh ahì ah pitrjaki zkeČ emki ninetki vrjlj,

gei h bhkekshmsghc hznetege ze kmhcivi kegkenki `hdjkdhrekmj

Ipdhme 4 — Hzair infiveremuĆjf sibtvjrsgif rjťjkme — eète

Tulhrekmjl kjnistetege gimj se siail kisj prjtcinkj nvj ipdhmj, ive ipdhme mj

pisteè prhrinek hzair+ Hzvjnjke mj eke`hze h jveùedhme pizkethc h pitvrċjkhcsibtvjrsghc eète h pridjke kmhcivj spisiakisth ne infivirj ke pistev`mjkj zectjvj=

nete ep`hgedhme lire ne prjnstev`me rjťjkmj gimj u pitpukisth hktjfrhťj pridjsjljkenŻljkte h ne pistimh u vhnu girpirethvkif hznekme

sibtvjr lire ahth usgèĕjk se H^H@ ljtiniìfhmil




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lire ahth ilifuĆjki ègi pivjzhvekmj se ep`hgedhmele gei ťti su LT Edthvj

Nhrjdtiry h`h TE_

lire ne senrŻh ljkenŻljkt hkdhnjkthle, pria`jlhle h hzljkele, e pitrjaki mj n e hle lifuĆkist ninevekme aezj ze ljkenŻljkt gikbhfuredhmele

lire ne senrŻh giktri`j ze iajzajĕhvekmj hktjfrhtjte pinetege h kmhcivuajzajnkist

ep`hgedhme lire ne aunj usefèťjke se erchtjgturil pistimjĆjf sibtvjre prh sjrvhskil njsgu

kenifrenkme lire ahth ège h ajz zectjve ze vj`hghl hzljkele

pretjĆe niguljktedhme lire ahth iahlke

iČjgumj sj gve`htjtek trjkhkf h`h iauge gei pretjĆe pinrťge ep`hgedhmh

Jveùedhmil sibtvjrsghc rjťjkme, hzair mj pei ke Dilputjr EssidhetjsZkhdjktjr gei

rjťjkmj gimj kemai`mj infivere zectjvhle H^ irfekhzedhmj, e uzfrjn u gilpekhmh sj

vjĆ h uspjťki girhsth iste`h sibtvjr hstif prihzviċeČe+

In kemveŤkhmhc geregtjrhsthge, ivi rjťjkmj nikish lifuĆkist kenzire h eèrlhrekme

gei h kmhcivu hktjfredhmu se iste`hl ljkenŤljkt pridjshle+ Ivhlj sj H^ljkenŤljktu pruŤe prh`hge ne hle djìvht, jkntijkn uvhn u pridjskj tigivj ke

gimhle sj zeskhvemu h hspiruČumu H^ usùfj ge spi`mkhl h ukutreťkmhl g`hmjkthle+

:+:+4+ _ridjsh ‐kemai`mj pregsj“

_i hzairu enjgvetkif sibtvjrsgif rjťjkme, H^H@ prjpirugj su prhcveĆjkj geigilpikjkte in vhte`kj veŤkisth u pruŤekmu pinrťgj pridjshle rezvime h upitrjajinearekif sibtvjre+

LjkenŤljkt hkdhnjkthle

_rjnkisth gimj mj irfekhzedhmh nikjè hlp`jljktedhme ljkenŤljkte hkdhnjkthletigil pjrhine in trh finhkj su=

piai`mťek kenzir, ťti mj ilifuĆhì prjdhzkhmu h njte`mkhmu privjru piťtivekmeT@E ufivire




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ukeprjĕjki mj uprev`mekmj hkbirledhmele i gve`htjtu pruŻjkhc H^ usùfe

pisthfkute mj ai`me irfekhzedhme H^ isia`me h piv hťjke kmhcive jbhgeskist

hzfua`mjkh h`h pifrjťkh zectjvh ze usùfil h`h hkdhnjkth sene sj arzi j`hlhkhťu

niahmjke mj eŻurke aeze ze ljkenŻljkt gikbhfuredhmele #DLNA(

uvjĆeke mj sethsbegdhme girhskhge h g`hmjkete

LjkenŤljkt pria`jlhle

Z prjnkisth gimj mj nete H^ irfekhzedhme niahè hlp`jljktedhmil ljkenŤljktepria`jlhle, spenemu=

pivhťjk gve`htjt H^ usùfj

slekmjk arim hkdhnjktkhc shtuedhme

tremke rjťjkme, pisthfkut mj vjĆh arim tremkhc rjťjkme

ukeprjĕjk mj pridjs uČjkme u gilpekhmh

pivjĆek mj arim rezrjťjkhc shtuedhme hz prvif piguťeme

_rhljr hz pregsj

_rhgup`mekmjl njte`mkhc, gilp`jtkhc hkbirledhme i hkdhnjkthle h kmhcivhl uzridhle, H^

thl mj u lifuĆkisth ne inrjnh h gene sj pria`jl mev`me gei hziìvekh hkdhnjkt h`h gene mj pria`jl nji vjĆjf pria`jle u pizenhkh+ Egi mj u phtekmu vjĆh pria`jl birlhre sjthl `munh gimh su zenuŤjkh ze rjťevekmj tegvhc pria`jle+

êgev mj ahi h sùČem gene H^ irfekhzedhme pizveke ne hstreŤh uzrig hkdhnjktkhcshtuedhme se prhktjrhle ke ìgedhmh pisìvkif g`hmjkte+ Ivh prhktjrh gimh su sj hkeČjgirhsth`h ze ťtelpekmj nkjvkhc hzvjťteme i treksegdhmele, stekmhle ke reČukhle hnrufj keljkj ah ajz vhn`mhvhc rezìfe ljkme`h svim stetus u ibb`hkj+

In liljkte prhljkj H^H@ prjpiruge, zepiČjte mj h pregse kithrekme svhc hkdhnjktkhcshtuedhme h kmhcivhc iphse+ Eke`hzil svhc ivhc ìfive h`h zephse, utvrċjki mj ne ive




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pisìvke irfekhzedhme ljsjČki prhmev`mumj Čeg :?? ni 2?? pria`jle vjzekhc zeprhktjrj+

H^ prjnuzjĆj mj ze rjťevekmj ivj shtuedhmj birlhreì piljkuth thl tjckhČere, gimh suzepiČj`h se hsteŤhvekmjl sùČeme h utvrnh`h ne mj uzrig pria`jle se ťtelpeČhle ahi u

sbjrh lrjŤkj gilukhgedhmj hzljċu kmhc+ Qjťjkmj pria`jle sj svjì ke prhljkusibtvjrsgif petdce ke shstjlu+

Ne`me prhljke H^H@e ilifuĆhè mj ne pria`jlh se ťtelpeČhle aunu ke vrjljuiČjkh, tegi ne mj arim hkdhnjktkhc shtuedhme pei ke igi sti u ljsjd neke h ti

ufèvkil ikhc se ljcekhČghl uzirigil gvere, gei ťti mj zefèv`mhvekmj pephre+

_iuge mj ne H^H@ kj pinuČeve gegi sj piprev`memu prhktjrh h`h ahì gime nrufe iprjle,H^H@ kunh pridjsj gimhle sj hkdhnjkth gèshbhgumu ke tegev keČhk, h pileŤj ne sj

rjťevekmj thc hkdhnjkete ninj`mumj infiveremuĆjl thlu ze pinrťgu ukuter H^prjnuzjĆe+

LjkenŤljkt hzljkele

_isjakj prjnkisth gimj mj nikjè hlp`jljktedhme ljkenŤljkte hzljkele ug`muČumu=

ai`mj usefèťevekmj H^ usùfe se zectjvhle pisìvkhc g`hmjkete

ai`mj rezuljvekmj h gilukhgedhme igi pitrjakhc h zectjvekhc hzljke,

hzljĕu H^ isia`me h g`hmjkete

teČkhme pridjke rhzhge

ulekmjk ťtjtek uthdem hzljke ke gve`htjt H^ usùfe h T@E ufivire

teČkhme pridjke pitrjakhc triťgive ze prjnìŻjkj hzljkj

slekmjk arim pitr jakhc hzljke h kmhcivi iègťeki hzviĕjkmj

ukeprjĕjk ljkenŻljkt pria`jlhle h nistupkiťĆu upitrjail gve`htjkhmhc h

pitpukhmhc hkbirledhme i hzljkele, fjkjrhsekhc tigil invhmekme pridjse

ljkenŻljkte hzljkele

pivhťjk renkh uČhkeg girhskhge slekmjkmjl prjghne u renu h vjĆhlgve`htjtil usùfe




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pivhťjke prinugthvkist H^ isia`me zaif slekmjkif arime shtuedhme geneliremu ne kepuťtemu svimj rjnivkj nuŻkisth zaif pimevj hkdhnjktkhc

shtuedhme

ai`mj rezuljvekmj girhskhgivhc pisìvkhc dh`mjve h pitrjae

:+:+>+ Hlp`jljktedhme

_rimjgtkh thl mj sestev`mjk in privjrjkhc pizkeveède hlp`jljktedhmj sibtvjre h H^H@

pridjse+ _iuzneki uprev`mekmj primjgtil mj u ivil sùČemu ahì in vj`hgj veŤkisth

gegi ah sj legshle`ki ulekmh`h rhzhdh in kjuspjce ivif primjgte+

Rrì arzi, kegik prvhc njlikstredhme lifuĆkisth kivif sibtvjrsgif eète h pretjĆhcpridjse, prhljĆjk mj niaer inzhv in strekj isia`me irfekhzed hmj, sgiri pinmjnkegi,

gegi hz H^ tegi h hz nrufhc inj`mjkme+

îgil ivif pjrhine, nikjtj su kjgj stretjťgj inùgj gimj su uthde`j ke uspjťkiinvhmekmj primjgte=

InùČjki mj ne sj pistimjĆj tjckhČgj pridjnurj u irfekhzedhmh rjnhzemkhremu

gegi ah sj usgènh`j se H^H@ sibtvjrsghl eètil+ Ivi mj kegkenki ureĕjki miťnjte`mkhmj, gegi ah sj pistimjĆj pridjnurj u pitpukisth usgènh`j se H^ H@ prjpirugele+

Iajzajĕjk mj prjkis zkekme h vjťthke `munh u primjgtkil thlu ke isia`mjukuter irfekhzedhmj+

InùČjki mj ne sj pistimjĆh sibtvjrsgh eèt kenifrenh aezil ze ljkenŻljkt gikbhfuredhmele

LifuĆkisth sibtvjrsgif eète ne kenzhrj h eèrlhre inlec su prhljkmjkj kesvhl kemveŻkhmhl sjrvjrhle u H^ irfekhzedhmh




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:+:+:+ Hzviċjkmj primjgte

îgil hzviċjkme primjgte, in selif piČjtge h fèvkh rugivinhidh h isia`mj ukuter irfekhzedhmj ah`h su ug`muČjkh u pridjsj prhljkj sibtvjrsgif eète u sveginkjvkhl, pregthČkhl shtuedhmele+ Z tj egthvkisth su ah`j ug`muČjkh h gursjvh h iauge, h ren keniguljktivekmu pridjse gimh sj invhmemu ke nkjvkil khviu+

Gegi mj h rjhkŤjkmjrhkf pistimjĆhc pridjnure vjzekhc ze uprev`mekmj hkdhnjkthle,pria`jlhl h hzljkele zectjvei niari pizkevekmj H^H@e h keČhke hspirugj usùfe,nji H^ isia`me mj priťei griz hktjzhvkhmh gurs i H^H@ ljtiniìfhmh+ Z geskmim bezh mjprjnvhċjki ne gilp`jtki isia`mj u H^ irfekhzedhmh piceċe ivj gursjvj, ne ah sj

iajzajnhi gikthkuhtjt u prhljkh kivj ljtiniìfhmj rene+

H^H@ u H^ inj`mjkmu

Zpitrjae sibtvjrsgif eète umjnki se prhljkil H^H@ prjpiruge, ilifuĆhè mj Hînj`mjkmu ne hle pi prvh put puku, svjiaucvetku s`hgu i hkdhnjkthle, pria`jlhle h

hzljkele h i vj`hČhkh kmhcivif uthdeme ke pridjsj u tigu+

êgiċj, lifuĆkist kenzhrekme, preĆjkme shtuedhmj h hzvjťtevekme i hkdhnjkthle h

pria`jlhle, ilifuĆhè mj vjĆu gikdjktredhmu ke selj usùfj h ljkenŤljktnistupkiťĆu+

H^H@ u iste`hl inj`mjkmhle u irfekhzedhmh

Zkuter H^ irfekhzedhmj pistimj h nrufe, pisìvke inj`mjkme, prhljre renh giljrdhmeè,

reČukivinstvi h`h bhkekshmj gime pikjgen hlemu sveginkjvkh giktegt h inkis seg`hmjkthle H^ irfrekhzedhmj+

Z mjnkil in thc inj`mjkme, uiČjk mj hzuzjtek inzhv ke uviċjkmj H^H@ pregsj h geipis`jnhde tife, niťì mj ni ukeprjċhvekme keČhke ke gimj su nit`j kevhg`h ne rjťevemuh`h rugumu pria`jlhle u renu+

Ivnj mj hlp`jljktedhme H^H@e ahè uspjťke h pinpilifkute upitrjail sibtvjrsgifeète gei pigrjteČe, ťti mj rjzu`threì hzljkele kmhcivhc pisìvkhc pridjse hpivjĆekil pisìvkil nhsdhp`hkil+




T t r e k e | :?

ZiČjkh jbjgth su prhgezekh u êaj`h :+5

Kivj lifuĆkisth Nistupkist Zthdem

Grjhrekmj mjnhkstvjkif,

hktjfrhsekif pridjskif tige u

ljkenŤljktu hkdhnjkthle,

pria`jlhle, h hzljkele gimh sj

invhme gei steknernkh, pikiv`mhvh

h gikzhstjktek dhgùs ťhril Hîrfekhzedhmj+

Grjhrekmj aezj zkekme se meski h

njte`mki iphsekhl rjťjkmhle

pria`jle

_ivjĆeke spisiakist

uprev`mekme lrjŤil htj`jgilukhgedhikhl Čvirivhle+

IlifuĆjki uviċjkmj H^H@pregsj u ljkenŤljkt Hûsùfele

RjĆe treksperjktkist — stetus u

rjťevekmu kjgif pria`jle

ukuter H^ irfekhzedhmj mj sene

uvjg h ègi nistupek+

_ria`jlh h trjknivh lifu sene

ahth itgrhvjkh lkifi rekhmj h

lifu sj ukeprjn prjnuprjnhth,

uljsti ne sj rjťevemu tjg genesj pimevj+

Ai`me giktriè — hzvjťtemh ipria`jlhle sj kjĆj kjfnjzeturhth+ Ai`mj h arŤj rjefivekmjke upizirjkme h eèrlektkj

shtuedhmj+

_iai`mťeki hzvjťtevekmj —

teČkhme stethsthge, eŤurkist pinetege

_iai`mťeki nikiťjkmj inùge

pivjĆeke spisiakist zejbhgeski h uprev`mekmj

pria`jlhle h kmhcivi

prjnuprjċhvekmj

Lekme kjbukgdhike`kist usùfe —

se nrufj strekj pivjĆekmjbukgdhike`kisth H^ usùfe

Lekmh unji hknhvhnue`kj

jgspjrthzj u rjťevekmupria`jle h vhťj thlsgif rene

Zkeprjċjki uprev`mekmj

niaev`meČhle, ai`mj uiČevekmj

pria`jle h kmhcivi rekfhrekmj pi

prhirhtjtu+

Ai`me giktriè inkise h

piťtivekme gimh spi`mkh

hspiruČhidh hsgezumu prjle T@Eufivirhle se H^ irfekhzedhmil

êajè :+5 — _rhgez istverjkhc jbjgete, hzvir W6\

LjkenŤljkt H^ hlivhkil mj in piČjtge nikji kjgj veŤkj prjnkisth griz piphs,preĆjkmj h hzvjťtevekmj i H^ hlivhkh+ û spenemu h=

prjvjkthvkh kenzir H^ hlivhkj, eke`hze trjknive h hzvjťtevekmj

gilp`jtek h eŻurek prjsjg stekme H^ hlivhkj, nipukmjk ufivirhle iinrŻevekmu

hkbirledhmj i cernvjrsghl gikbhfuredhmele gei pinrťge inrŻevekmu H^ hlivhkj

Ninetke pifinkist mj ne sj sibtvjrsgh eèt liŤj kenifrenhth u H^H@ aezu zeuprev`mekmj gikbhfuredhmele #H^H@ DLNA(+




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Hzvrťkh ljkenŤljkt

Tteah`ke h kjprjghnke pinrťge in strekj hzvrťkif ljkenŤljkte u irfekhzedhmh ahè mjin prjsunkj veŤkisth ze uspjc primjgte, piťti su ke vrjlj uvhnj`h ne kivh shstjlrene pi H^H@ ljtiniìfhmh prjnstev`me pigrjteČgu skefu irfekhzedhmj ne hzvrťh rjvhzhmu

svimhc pridjse h pridjnure h ne pisthfkj piai`mťekme gime Čeg khsu kh prjnvhċjke uvrjlj gene mj primjget iniarjk+

:+:+2+ Linj` pinr ťgj H^ usùfj

T`hge :+5 Linj` pinr ťgj H^ usùfj, hzvir W6\

êajè :+1 — ]enedh H^H@ gilpikjkth, hzvir W6\

H^H@ gilpikjkte Dh`m

LjkenŤljkt hkdhnjkthle RreĆekmj usùfj u ipjrethvki stekmj ťti mj arŤj lifuĆj selhkhle`khl uthdemjl ke pisìvkj pridjsj, Čhlj sj ishfurevene mj nisthfkut kemvhťh lifuĆh khvi nistupkisth h inrŤevekmeusùfj

LjkenŤljkt pria`jlhle Tlekmjkmj ťtjtkhc uthdeme gimj hkdhnjkth h pria`jlh lifu hlethke pisìvkj pridjsj hzezvekj frjťgele u renu H^hkbrestrugturj h ai`mj prjnuprjċhvekmj pimevj hkdhnjktkhcshtuedhme, pria`jle h frjťege

LjkenŤljkt hzljkele Ishfureve ne sj girhstj steknernkh ljtinh h pridjnurj zejbhgeski h arzi rugivekmj svhl hzljkele, gegi ah sj ulekmhikmhciv uthdem ke vrťjkmj H^ usùfj+

LjkenŤljkt hznekmhle Nemj djìvht pif`jn ke hzljkj ukuter H^ usùfe h ishfureve nesu rezlitrjkh svh espjgth hznekme+

LjkenŤljkt gikbhfuredhmele Ia`hgumj ìfhČgh linj` H^ hkbrestrugturj, putjl hnjkthbhgedhmj,giktri`j, inrŤevekme h privjrj vjrzhme svhc gikbhfuredhikhcstevgh gimj pistimj+

LjkenŤljkt hkdhnjkthle

LjkenŤljkt pria`jlhle

LjkenŤljkt hzljkele

LjkenŤljkt gikbhfuredhmil

LjkenŤljkt hznekmhle

H^ irfekhzedhme, G`hmjkth h Girshkhdh




T t r e k e | :1

:+:+6+ Linj` hspirugj H^ usùfj

T`hge :+1 — Linj` hspirugj H^ usùfj, hzvir W6\

êajè :+4 — ]enedh H^H@ gilpikjkth, hzvir W6\

H^H@ gilpikjkte Dh`m

LjkenŤljkt khviil usùfj InrŤevekmj gei h pistjpjki ukeprjċhvekmj usgèċjkisthgve`htjtkj H^ usùfj se pisìvkhl pridjshle putjl ste`kifnifiverekme, kenzhrekme, hzvjťtevekme, eke`hzhrekmenisthfkuĆe gei h hsgirjkmhvekme kjprhcvet`mhvhc khvie H^ usùfe

LjkenŤljkt nistupkiťĆu Ipthlhzedhme spisiakisth irfekhzedhmj h kmjkj H^hkbrestrugturj ne pi pivi`mkhl djkele pruŤh inrŤhv khvinistupkisth usùfj Čhlj sj hspukmevemu pitrjaj ahzkhse

LjkenŤljkt gepedhtjtil _rjpizkevekmj aunuĆhc zectjve ahzkhse h ishfurevekmj ne svhtrjkutkh h aunuĆh espjgth gepedhtjte h pjrbirleksh aunupruŤjkh pi pivi`mkhl djkele

Bhkekshmsgh ljkenŤljkt ze Hûsùfj

NileĆhksgi rugiviċjkmj H^ hlivhkil h bhkekshmsghlrjsurshle keljkmjkhl ze hspirugu H^ usùfe

Gikthkuhtjt H^ usùfe _inrťge svjugupkil pridjsu ljkenŤljkte pisìvkifgikthkuhtjte, ishfurevekmjl ne sj zectjveke H^ tjckhČge husùŤke pistrimjkme lifu iakivhth u treŤjkil h nifivrjkilvrjljksgil hktjrveù

Tjrvhskh njsg Bukgdhikhťj gei ninhrke teČge hzljċu pisìvkhc girhskhge hljkenŤljkte H^ usùfele+ Qugivinh hkdhnjkthle hzectjvhle, birlhre spikj ge nrufhl egthvkisthle gei ťti suhzljkj, pria`jlh, gikbhfuredhmj, hznekme, khvi h gikthkuhtjtusùfj

Thfurkist _rjnstev`me pridjs uprev`mekme zenethl khviil ajzajnkisthhkbirledhme h H^ usùfe

H^ irfekhzedhme, G`hmjkth h Girshkhdh

LjkenŤljktkhviil usùfj

LjkenŤljktnistupkiťĆu

LjkenŤljktgepedhtjthle

LjkenŤljkt

bhkekshmele

Gikthkuhtjt H^

usùŤhvekme




T t r e k e | :4

_iljkute irfekhzedhme, êa @hlhtjn , tjg mj piČjè ne prjpizkemj prjnkisth gimjnikish prhljke eète pi H^H@ prjpirugele, griz uprev`mekmj hkdhnjkthle, pria`jlhle

h hzljkele+

Zspjc primjgte mj sene zeferektivek, iazhril ne h isteè pisìvke inj`mjkme u

irfekhzedhmh Ťj`j ne itpiČku se prhljkil eète h`h egi fe vjĆ girhstj, Ťj`j priťhrjkmjkmjfivhc lifuĆkisth, ťti mj pitrjaki gene sj zectjve rjhkŤjkmjrhkf kjgif rekhmjf

pisìvkif pridjse+

Fèvke prjnkist mj u kivil, iamjnhkmjkil prhstupu uprev`mekme hkdhnjkthle,

pria`jlhle h hzljkele, ťti ivim H^ irfekhzedhmh ilifuĆumj gilp`jtek uvhn u tig

invhmekme renkhc ipjredhme, in kmhcivif piČjtge pe ni zevrťjtge+




T t r e k e | :>

2+ ]eg`muČeg

Rj`hgh arim irfekhzedhme vhnh ljkenŤljkt H^ usùfele gei kjťti ťti hle nilhkektek

tjckiìťgh prjnzkeg, e lekmj pisìvkh+ Aha`hitjge H^H@ prilivhťj prhkdhp pivjzhvekme

se ahzkhsil u prhstupu ljkenŤljktu H^ usùfele gimh pisthsgumj kjgeneťkmushtuedhmu se arimkhl ljċusiaki hziìvekhl tjckiìťghl istrvdhle u vinele ahzkhse+

^jŤhťtj ljkenŤljkte H^ usùfele sj ljkmeì tigil vrjljke h u aunuĆkisth ivitjŤhťtj Ćj miť vhťj ahth piljrjki se tjckiìťghc espjgete ge pitrjaele pisìvkhc

irfekhzedhme h kmhcivhc pridjse+

Kivh shstjlh ljkenŤljkte sj vjĆ rezvhmemu h tegev rezvim Ćj sj kestevhth h tigilkerjnkhc finhke+ _rjnpistevge mj ne Ćj sj ivem rezvim invhmeth svj arŤj, upirjni sepitpukhl njbhkhsekmjl steknerne ze rezljku hkbirledhme ljċu eèthle+ Z iskivh,kivh shstjlh ljkenŤljkte Ćj pisteth=

miť vhťj usljrjkh ke pitrjaj pisìvkhc irfekhzedhme

ČvrĆj hktjfrhsekh se pisìvkhl pridjshle

lekmj zevhskh in tjckiìfhmj

vhťj hktjfrhsekh se nrufhl ljkenŤljkt eèthle h pridjshle

Z til slhsù, H^H@ igvhr pruŤe niaru iskivu ze tegev rezvim shtuedhmj u iaèsth

ljkenŤljkte H^ usùfele+




6+ @htjreture

W5\ AjČjmsghRumeg`hme N+= ‛Zprev`mekmj H^ usùfele zeskiveki ke kemai`mim pregsh‐, ‛HKBIL‐, HTTK

5>:5>486, Ki+ 14)1??6

W1\ HTI)HJD 1????5=1??:, H^ Tjrvhdj lekefjljkt — _ert 5= Tpjdhbhdethik bir Hkbirlethik tjdckiìfy

sjrvhdj lekefjljkt, _ert 1= Dinj ib predthdj bir sjrvhdj lekefjljkt

W4\ Dert`hnfj E+, Ec`jy C+=“Ek Hktrinudtiry Ivjrvhjw ib H^H@ ®

R4“ htTLB `@tn, 1??6

W>\ “^cj Ibbhdhe` Hktrinudthik ti tcj H^H@ Tjrvhdj @hbjdyd`j“ ^TI@iknik, 1??6

W:\ ‐Ajfhkkjr‘s kitjs H^ Tjrvhdj Lekefjljkt whtc H^H@“, ^cj Ert ib Tjrvhdj _ty @tn, 1??6

W2\ ‐HTI)HJD 1???? Biuknethik Dilp`jtj Djrthbhdethik Ght Ttuny Fuhnj“, ^cj Ert ib Tjrvhdj _ty

@tn, 1??3

W6\ Niufcty G+= ‐Hkdhnjkt, _ria`jl ekn Dcekfj H^H@“, êa @hlhtjn, 1??4

W3\ cttp=))www+eddj`jretjnhnjes+dil)brjjhth`trehkhkf, njdjlaer 1?5?

W8\ cttp=))aìfs+car+irf)car)drell)1??8)?:)fjtyiurhtprimjdtbesttredgj+ctl`, njdjlaer 1?5?

W5?\ cttp=))www+htep+purnuj+jnu)sjrvhdj)deteìf, njdjlaer 1?5?

W55\ ‐Tjrvhdj Njsg Lekefjr _ùs vjr+3 “ , ]ICI Dirpirethik,

nistupki ke enrjsh cttp=))www+lekefjjkfhkj+dil, njdjlaer 1?5?

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