CORPORATE BILINGUAL CONSULTANCY SUZANNE RAJKUMAR

SPANISH ENGLISH

MUCHO + NOUNS = A LOT OF + NOUNS=

Muchos amigos A lot of friends

Mucho dinero A lot of money

Muchos problemas A lot of problems

Mucho tiempo A lot of time

Mucho espacio A lot of space

Mucho dolor etc. A lot of pain etc.

SPANISH NEGATIVE ENGLISH NEGATIVES

No me gusta, I DON’T LIKE

No tengo I don’t have

No voy I don’t go

I won’t go

NO PUEDO I CAN’T

No quiero etc. I don’t want etc.

SER/ESTAR NEGATIVE TO BE NEGATIVE

NO SOY / ESTOY I AM NOT

NO ESTAS YOU ARE NOT

NO ES / ESTA etc. HE IS NOT

SHE IS NOT etc.

SPANISH YES/NO QUESTIONS ENGLISH YES/NO QUESTIONS

¿Vienes muy seguido? ¿Do you come here often?

¿Comes jamón? ¿Do you eat ham?

¿Puedes venir? ¿Can you come?

¿Vas al colegio? ¿Do you go to school?

b) QUESTIONS- b) QUESTIONS-

¿Vienes conmigo? ¿Are you coming with me?

¿Vas con el? ¿Are you going with him?

SPANISH- SER/ESTAR QUESTIONS ENGLISH TO BE QUESTIONS

Eres el mayor? Are you the oldest?

Estas tonto o que? Are you stupid or what?

Están cansados? Are they tired?

Estáis ocupados? Are you (all) busy?

Son tus hermanos? Are they your brothers?

SPANISH CONDITIONAL TENSE ENGLISH CONDITIONAL TENSE

Ayudaría I / He/ She/It would help

Compraríamos We would buy

Irían They would go

Vendería I /He / She/It would sell

Comería I/He/ She/It would eat

Podrían They could

Deberían They should

SPANISH EQUIVALENTS TO ENGLISH MODALS

ENGLISH MODALS

Poder-Podría CAN-COULD

Infinitivo-AR,-ER, -IR + ré, rás, rá, remos,reís,rán.(IRÉ,COMERÉ, BAILARÉ)- podría,iría, comería etc.

WILL-WOULD MAY-MIGHT

PODRÍA VD.-SÍ PUDIERA VD.

DEBERÍA SHALL(recommendations)-SHOULD

DEBERÍA+VERBO OUGHT TO

TENER QUE

DEBER HAVE TO

MUST (strong obligation)

SPANISH IMPERFECT TENSE ENGLISH EQUIVALENT TO SPANISH IMPERFECT

IMPERFECTO-para hechos puntuales-aba,-fa

IMPERFECT PAST USED FOR Describing Past actions

Desayunaba en la cafeteria I was having breakfast in the café

Ayudaban They were eating

Comíamos You were dancing

Bailabas You were writing

Escribiaís

SPANISH IMPERFECT TENSE ENGLISH EQUIVALENT TO SPANISH IMPERFECT

IMPERFECTO-Rutinario---ABA,-ÍA PAST: HABITUAL/ ROUTINE actions

Vivía allí antes de casarse. He used to live there before getting married.

De niña desayunaba aquí con mi mamá. When I was a little girl, I used to have breakfast here with

De niñas ayudaban a su abuela. My mom.

When they were little girl, they used to help their

De niños comíamos buñuelos. grandma

When we were children we used to eat buñuelos.

PARECER TO SEEM, TO LOOK LIKE, TO THINK ABOUT

¿Que te parece si vamos al cine? What do you think about us going to the movies?

¿Qué te parece esto?

What do you think about this?

Parece extraño. He, She or It seems strange.

El se parece mucho a su papá. He looks a lot like his father.

Parece que va a llover. It looks like it’s going to rain.

Me parece que no va a poder ser hoy. It seems to me / looks like it is not going to happen / be.

A mi pareder… Today…

Me parece que están enamorados. In my opinion…

Me parece que va allorar. It seems to me that they are in love.

Me parece más gordo. It looks like it’s going to rain.

He looks fatter.

MAKING COMPARISONS IN SPANISH

MAKING COMPARISONS IN ENGLISH

Mas facíl que Easier than

Más claro que Clearer than

Más barato que Cheaper than

Más gordo que Fatter than

Más grande que Bigger than

Más difícil que MORE DIFFICULT than

Mas caro que MORE EXPENSIVE than

DESCRIBING THE BEST IN SPANISH

DESCRIBING THE BEST IN ENGLISH

Lo más facíl The easiest

Lo más claro The clearest

Lo más barato The cheapest

Lo más gordo The fattest

Lo más grande The biggest

Lo más difícil THE MOST DIFFICULT

Lo mas caro THE MOST EXPENSIVE

LO MEJOR THE BEST

LO PEOR THE WORST

SPANISH- SI CONDICIONAL

ENGLISH- IF CONDITIONAL

SI: Condicional IF: Conditional.

Si lo llevo tendré que esperarlo. If I carry him I will have to wait for him.

Si yo voy antes te llamaré. If I go before I will call you.

Si compramos la casa estaremos Viviendo en SPS.

If we buy the house we will live in SPS.

Me gusta las manzanas, pero prefiero LAS ROJAS

ENGLISH IMPERSONAL: ONE/ONES: I like apples but I prefer the red ONES.

Había 3 coches pero no me gusto el GRANDE.

There were three cars but I didn’t like the BIG ONE. There are big and small octopuses, the BIG ONES live….

Hay pulpos grandes y pequeñas, los GRANDES viven…

MAKING IMPERSONAL REFERENCE IN SPANISH & ENGLISH

PAST QUESTIONS: PAST ANSWER:

What did they say? They said….

What did he do? He did…

Where did they go? They went…

What did you eat? I ate…

How many did they buy? They bought…

What did they make? They made…

What did you dream last night? I dream of…

What did you drink? I drank…

What did you pay for that? I paid…

HOW TO ANSWER ENGLISH QUESTIONS IN THE PAST

AL + INFINITIVE UPON / ON + VERB- ING

AL + Infinitivo= Upon / On + verb +- ING=

Al abrir la caja… On opening the box…

Al salir de la oficina… Upon leaving the office…

Al llegar a tiempo… Upon arriving on time…

Al depositar el dinero… Upon depositing the money…

Al hacer etc. On making etc.

ANTES DE/ DESPUES DE+INFINITIVE BEFORE + VERB – ING (PREPOSITION + GERUND)

Antes de venir Before coming

Antes de vender Before selling

Antes de consumir Before eating

Antes de comprar Before buying

Antes de volar Before flying

Antes de pintar etc. Before painting etc.

ANTES DE/ DESPUES DE+INFINITIVE BEFORE + VERB – ING (PREPOSITION + GERUND)

Después de venir,

After coming,

Después de vender,

After selling,

Después de consumir, After eating,

Después de comprar, After buying

Después de volar, After flying,

Después de pintar etc. After painting etc.

A PESAR DE + INFINITIVO= IN SPITE OF / DESPITE + VERB+ - ING=

A pesar de usar los nuevos formatos Etc. A pesar de invitar 20 personas, A pesar de la lluvia, fuimos a la playa.

Despite inviting 20 peoples, In spite of using the new formants etc.

In spite of / despite + NOUN (the rain), they still went to the Beach.