spanish mission and presidos - anglo colonization

8/8/2019 Spanish Mission and Presidos - Anglo Colonization

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the process of converting thenatives to Catholicism


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The Spanish built missions in the 1700s inan attempt to control New Spain. A

mission is a settlement set up in Nativeterritory.The goals of a Spanish mission are:1. to convert Natives to Catholicism

2. to control the land of New Spain3. to assimilate Natives to Spanish culture

(turn Natives into loyal Spaniards)


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M

Make a list of what youwill need to :1. Survive in the

mission2. Protect the mission3. Convert the Natives

HostileNatives


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Mission- a settlement set up in Native territory Presidio- a Spanish fort used to protect missions Colony- a territory under the immediate political

control of a state Friars- priests who work at the mission and teach

Catholicism to NativesAssimilate- to absorb a smaller culture or group

into a larger one epidemic the rapid spread of disease over a

short period of time Smallpox- a serious and contagious disease that

causes a rash on the skin


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BackacheDeliriumDiarrheaExcessive BleedingFatigueHigh feverMalaiseRaised pink rash -- turns into sores that

become crusty on day 8 or 9Severe headache

Vomiting


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Read the overview handoutAnalyze the Mission Map

Highlight the 5 missions that wereestablished

What does the establishment of these 5missions tell you about the plans of theSpanish?

Why would the Spanish not put missionsin north Texas?


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Who wasinvolved?

Friars

Soldiers NativeTexans

What were thegoals?

Convert

natives Create loyalSpanishsubjects Catholic Spanish-

speakers ControlTexasterritory

Set upsettlements

Rival French

How was itcarried out?

Taught

Spanishlanguage Taught

Catholicism Taught

Spanishcustoms


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Who?FriarsSoldiers

Native Texans

How?

Taught Spanishlanguage

T

aught CatholicismTaught Spanish

customs

What?Convert natives

Create loyal Spanish subjects

Catholic

Spanish-speakersControl Texas territory

Set up settlements

Rival French


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Areas inside the mission

See map on next slide

Internal Structure

Native dorms are separate from Spanish dorms Why would the Native dorms be separated from

the Spanish forms?

Location of Presidios with Missions

Presidios are forts to protect an area or a mission

Placement ofM

issions in the territorySpread them out to control larger

areas Keep an eye on the FrenchStay away from Comanche

territory, in the Great Plains


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Why was the mission set up this way?


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Spanish Natives


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Mission Corpus Christi de la Ysleta(1682) Present day El Paso


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LOS ADAES (1711)SAN ANTONIO DE

VALERO (1718)

East Texas Mission

Established by FatherHidalgo and St. Denis

Built near present dayRobeline, Louisiana

The Spanish madeit the capital of the

province of Spain. Built to help them

keep aneye on the French

Also known as theAlamo

A good half waypoint between EastTexas and the RioGrande

Also established in1718, a presidionamed San Antoniode Bexar

SAN FRANCISCO DELOS TEJAS (1690)

Built by the

SpanishEast TexasmissionMade for theNativesEventuallyclosed by theSpanish


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In 1673, La Salle sailed down the Mississippi and claimedall the land that drained into the river for France.

This area was known as New France

In 1763, the French lost a war to Great Britain. Rather thangive their land to Great Britain, they ceded their land toSpain (They gave it to them)

In 1800, the French win this land back from Spain bydefeating them in war.

In 1803, France sold the Louisiana Territory to the UnitedStates. This was known as the Louisiana Purchase.


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1. What are 3 of the 4 essentials at everymission site? (your rectangle drawing with4 inner squares)

2. Who ran the missions (not the Spanish)?

3. Who protected the missions? (not what)4. What 3 things were taught to Natives in the

missions?5. What were the three top reasons the

Spanish built missions (not God, gold,glory)?


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6. What is your definition ofNew Spain?7. What is a synonym for Colony?8.

What mission was established first,along with the year?9. Copy theProblems with Mission SystemT-chart.

10. What mission do we know as theAlamo?


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Vocabulary terms1. Empresario2. Anglo3. Land grant4. Filibuster5. Expansion6. Social class7. Revolution

Just like the last time,you will make aFrayer model in your

group for yourassigned term. Youonly have one classperiod to complete

them this time.


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The U.S. doubles in size. Bought land from France for $15 million.


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People who wage an unofficialwar against a country

These are wars that are notsupported by their

governments Many filibusters tried to

capture parts ofTexas fromthe Spanish.

1. Phillip Nolan2. James Wilkinson3. AugustusMagee4. Samuel Kemper5. Bernardo Gutierrez de Lara6.

James Long7. Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla

Directions:Make a wanted poster for your

filibuster. You need toinclude reasons why the

person should be captured,a reward, wanteddead/alive, apicture/drawing.

p. 92-96 in Lone Star textbook


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Selling horses and otherproducts to the UnitedStates

Making maps ofdifferent Texas areas

CapturingT

exas citiesfrom the Spanishthrough the use ofviolence and declaringTexas independent orfree of Spain.

Working with people ofNew Spain to supportrevolution (Mexicans)

Stealing Texas wealthand land

Filibuster CrimesFilibuster CrimesStealing

HorsesLand$

SellingHorsesLandMaps

StartingViolenceRaidsRevolution


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Some people in the U.S claimed that the LouisianaPurchase included all the land north and east of theRio Grande.

T

he U.S thought part ofT

exas should be included inthe Louisiana Purchase but Spain disputed this claim.

Army officers from each side (U.S vs. Spain) signedthe Neutral Ground Agreement.

The Neutral Ground Agreement (1806) said neitherarmy would put troops in the area that was underdispute

Many outlaws moved into that region to escape the

law


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1. What is the definition forAnglo?2. What year did the Louisiana Purchase

happen?3. Which two countries disputed control over

the land which is now west Louisiana andEast Texas following the LouisianaPurchase?

4. What treaty was signed by those two

countries?5. How much did the U.S. pay for theLouisiana Purchase?


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6. What is a synonym forsocial class?7. Name 3 common crimes of the

filibusters8. What is the equation for writing a

thesis? (___ + ___ + ____ = thesis)9. How many categories are required for a

complete thesis?10. Give me an example of how you

SHOULD NOT start your thesis.


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Austin returned to Missourito begin carrying out hisplans to colonize Texas.When he reached Missouri,

he became ill and died. Before he died, he shared

his plans for the TexasVenture with his sonStephen F. Austin. Stephen

promised to carry out hisfathers dream of bringing

Anglo settlers to Texas


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Class means = Social Rank (Poverty,Wealthy, etc)

In New Spain their were 3 distinct classesx Peninsulares Highest Rank (Spaniards from Europe)

Criollos 2nd Highest Rank(Spaniards born in theAmericas)

Mestizos low social rank (mixed race Spanish and NativeAmerican heritage)

Indians the lowest social rank (little chance of escapingpoverty)


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Which group would be making thedecisions in New Spain? Peninsulares Criollos Mestizos Indians


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People in New Spain resented (did not like)Spanish control.

Most people lived in povertyDid not want to pay taxes to support theKings wars Inspired by the American RevolutionPeople were tired of the rule of the

Peninsulares (high class).Lower class rises up and conquers

territories of New Spain.


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Spain begins losing control of its colonies in the Americas.By1810 the people of New Spain (Mexico) wanted to be freefrom Spain.

In 1810, a priest named Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla started a

revolt against the Spanish. He wanted people of all socialclasses to be equal. Specifically he organized the Criollos tofight the Peninsulares. He was betrayed and killed by one ofhis own officers after the Spanish put down the revolt.

In Texas, Juan Bautista de las Casas overthrew the Spanish

governor, but was captured.T

he Spanish beheaded him andstuck his head on a post in the plaza of San Antonio.

Rebels continued to fight against the Spanish andPeninsulares


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?


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The Plan of Iguala A compromise between peninsulares and criollos Article 1 Mexico is independent of the Spanish

nation, and every other nation Article 2 The official religion is Catholicism, peoplemust be loyal to only this religion

Article 3 The people will be united, without anydistinction between Americans (criollos) and

Europeans (peninsulares) Article 4 The government shall be a constitutionalmonarchy (A ceremonial king/queen but operateunder a constitution. It is not absolute power.)


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Which social classes were excluded frombeing involved in the creation ofThe Planof Iguala?

The plan favored conservatives. Theconservatives did not want to change thesocial class structure.

Conservatives wanted to limit changeand keep the old ways


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Mexico became independent onAugust 24, 1821


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Concerned about the United States

FewMexicans living in Texas (They wereoff fighting in the heart of New Spain)

Question: Why should they be

concerned about the Unites States?Answer:


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Click on map


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The belief that the United States had theright and duty to expand westward to thePacific Ocean.

Americans believed that they had a cleardestiny to expand from sea to shining sea.

It was the will of God

Literal Translations

Manifest clear and apparentDestiny - things that cannot change or beavoided


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1819 Co-authors John Quincy Adams (U.S. Secretary

of State under James Monroe) & Don Luis de Ons(Spanish minister to the U.S.)

The U.S. had claimed Texas as part of theLouisiana Purchase. In 1819 it dropped all claimsto Texas in the Adams-Ons Treaty. The treatyset the border between the U.S. and SpanishTexas along the Sabine River. As part of the

treaty, the United States agreed that Spain ownedTexas. In return, Spain gave Florida to the UnitedStates.


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1. Who was the first of the empresarios?2. What were the first people to settleTexas called?

3. What is the new definition forempresario?

4. What are the 3 major classes in New

Spain?5. Where were the Criollos born and what

was their blood heritage?


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6. Provide 3 reasons why the MexicanRevolution occurred.

7. Which previous revolution did theMexican Revolution model itself after?

8. Which treaty ended the MexicanRevolution?

9. When was Mexico considered

independent?10. What did the Adams-Onis treaty

establish?

spanish mission and presidos - anglo colonization

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