spanish colonial government
DESCRIPTION
spanish timeTRANSCRIPT
The Spaniards
as Colonial Masters
Calvin andrews i. crisostomoEljhon b. arino
Spain reigned over the Philippines for 333 years, from 1565 to 1898.
Since Spain was far from the country, the Spanish king ruled the Island through the viceroy of Mexico, which was then another Spanish colony.
KING OF SPAIN
VICEROY OF MEXICO
PHILIPPINES
When Mexico regained its freedom on 1821, the Spanish Philippines through a Governor General, (GG).
KING OF SPAIN
GOVERNOR GENERAL
PHILIPPINES
THE POLITICAL STRUCTURESpain established a centralized colonial government in the Philippines that was composed of a NATIONAL GOVERNMENT and the LOCAL GOVERNMENT that administered provinces, cities, towns and municipalities. NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
Maintained peace and orderCollected taxes Built schools and other public works
THE GOVERNOR GENERALThe King’s representative and the highest-ranking official in the Philippines
Royal decrees and laws emanating in the Philippines
Had the power to appoint and dismiss public officials, except those personally chosen by the King
Supervised all government offices and the collection of taxes
Exercise certain legislative powers
Issues proclamations to facilitate the implementation of laws
THE GOVERNOR GENERAL
Requirement
Must be a PENINSULARES or a A SPANIARD BORN IN SPAIN
THE GOVERNOR GENERAL
THE POLITICAL STRUCTURE THE GOVERNOR GENERALThe Governor General and other government official had so much power that it was commonly abused.
To investigate the abuses, there were bodies created:
THE RESIDENCIA
THE VISTA THE ROYAL AUDENCIA
THE RESIDENCIAThis was a special judicial court that
investigates the performance of a Governor General who was about to be replaced.
The Residencia, of which incoming Governor General was usually a member, its submitted a report of finding to the King.
THE VISITAThe council of the Indies in Spain sent a
government official called the VISITOR GENERAL to observe conditions in the colony.The Visitador General
reported his findings directly to the King.
THE ROYAL AUDENCIAServed as an advisory body to the
Governor General
Had the power to check and report on his abuses
The Audiencia also audited the expenditureof the colonial government
Sent a yearly report to Spain
The Archbishop and other government officals could also report the abuses of the colonial
THE PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT
The Spaniards created Local Government Unit (LGU) for the provinces
There were two types of local government units:
ALCALDIA
Alcalde Mayor
CORRIGIMIENTO
Corregidor
THE PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT
The ALCADIA, led by the Alcalde Mayor governed the provinces that had been fully subjugated:
UNDER SPANISH CONTROL ALREADY
SALARY : P300 A MONTH
THE PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT
DUTIES OF THE ALCALDE MAYOR:
They represented the Spanish king and the Governor-General
They managed the day-to-day operations of the provincial government
Implemented laws and supervised the collection of taxes
THE PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT
The CORREGIMIENTO, headed
by Corregidor
Governed the provinces that were not yet entirely under Spanish control.
THE PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT
The ALCADIA and the
CORREGIMIENTO
Though they were paid a small salary, they enjoyed privileges such as the
INDULTO DE COMERCIO
Or the right to participate in the GALLEON TRADE
THE MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTEach province was divided into several
towns or pueblos headed by GOBERNADORDCILLOS (Little Governor)
MAIN DUTIES: Efficient governance and tax collection.
Four Lieutenants aided the Governardorcillo: the Teniente Mayor (chief lieutenant), the Teniente de Policia (Police lieutenant), the Teniente de Sementeras (lieutenant of the fields)
THE MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTGOBERNADORCILLOSThey had SMALL SALARIES but were
exempted form PAYING TAXESQUALIFICATION:Any NATIVE or CHINESE MEZTIZO25 years old Literate in ORAL or WRITTEN SPANISHCabeza de Barangay for 4 years
Ex. Emilio Aguinaldo
THE MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTCABEZA DE BARANGAY or (Barrio
Administrator or Barangay Captain)
-Responsible for the Peace and Order of the Barrio
-Recruited men for public works
QUALIFICATIONS:Cabezas should be literate in Spanish
Have good moral character and property Cabezas who served for 25 years were exempted from forced Labor
THE CITY GOVERNMENT
Larger town became cities called:
AYUNTAMIENTOIt became the center of trade and industry. The ayuntamiento had a city council called the
CABILDO
CABILDO is composed of:ALCALDE (MAYOR)
REGIDORES(COUNCILORS)
ALGUACIL MAYOR(POLICE CHIEF)
ESCRIBANDO(SECRETARY)