spanish 2 unit 6 grammar
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Spanish 2 Unit 6 Grammar. Learn. the difference between “saber” and “ conocer ” how to conjugate - ar verbs in the preterite tense (including -car, -gar, and – zar ) By Melinda McCorkle. “Saber” and “ Conocer ”. Saber - to know (a fact or how to do something) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Spanish 2Unit 6
Grammar
• the difference between “saber” and “conocer”• how to conjugate -ar verbs in the preterite tense (including -car, -gar, and –zar)
By Melinda McCorkle
Learn . . .
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“Saber” and “Conocer”
Saber - to know (a fact or how to do something)
Conocer - to know (a person, place, or general subject)
Yo sé Nosotros sabemos
Tú sabes Vosotros sabéis
Él/Ella sabe Ellos/Ellas saben
Yo conozco Nosotros conocemos
Tú conoces Vosotros conocéis
Él/Ella conoce Ellos/Ellas conocen
Both “saber” and “conocer” have irregular yo forms in the present tense.
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Use Saber . . .• to talk about factual information you know.Example: Sé cuánto cuesta el bate.
I know how much the bat costs.
• +infinitive to say that you know how to do something.Example: Nicolás sabe patinar muy bien.
Nicolas knows how to skate very well.
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Use Conocer . . .
• when you want to say that you are familiar with a person/place.
Example: Conozco a tu hermano David.
I know your brother David.
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How to Conjugate –ar verbs in the preterite tense
Use the preterite tense to talk about actions completed in the past.
Yo - é Nosotros - amos
Tú - aste Vosotros - asteis
Él/Ella - ó Ellos/Ellas - aron
*The yo and usted/él/ella forms have an accent over the final vowel.*The nosotros form is the same in the preterite as in the present tense.
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Preterite Tense
Examples:
You lifted weights yesterday. Tú levantaste pesas ayer.
I swam in the sea. Nadé en el mar.
We walked on the beach. Caminamos en la playa.
Maria skated. Maria patinó.
They watched the game. Ellos miraron el partido.
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Preterite of -car, -gar, and -zar verbs
Regular verbs that end in -car, -gar, or -zar have a spelling change in the yo form of the preterite.
VERB TRANSITION RESULT
buscar c becomes qu
(yo) busqué
jugar g becomes gu
(yo) jugué
almorzar z becomes c
(yo) almorcé
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-car verbs
-car
quéExamples:
Yo practiqué deportes. Yo saqué la basura. I practiced sports. I took out the trash.
Yo busqué el libro. Yo toqué la guitarra.I looked for the book. I played the guitar.
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-gar verbs
-gar
gué
Examples:
Yo jugué al beisbol. Yo pagué para la camisa.I played baseball. I paid for the shirt.
Yo llegué al fiesta.
I arrived at the party.
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-zar verbs
-zar
cé
Example:
Yo almorcé en la cafetería.
I ate lunch in the cafeteria.
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MINI QUIZ!Saber and Conocer:
1) Yo _______ cantar.
2) ¿Tú ________ dónde Maria vive?
3) El profesor _________ a cada uno en la clase.
4) Yo __________ la escuela.
5) ___________ a tu hermano David.
sé I know how to sing.
Do you know where Maria lives?sabes
conoce The teacher knows everyone in the school.
conozco
I know the school.
Conozco I know your brother David.
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MINI QUIZ (continued)
Preterite tense Conjugation:
1) Él _______ en el mar. 2) Ellos __________ a la música.a. nadó b. nadaste a. escucha b. escuchéc. nadar d. cantar c. miraron d. escucharon
3) Tú _________ en la playa. 4) Nosotros __________ un película.a. caminar b. caminaste a. mirar b. miróc. caminé d. caminaron c. hacer d. miramos
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MINI QUIZ (continued)
Preterite Tense (-car, -gar, and -zar):
Connect the irregular verb ending with their yo form conjugation.
-car gué-gar cé-zar qué
Fill in the blank.
1) Yo ________________ deportes. (practicar)
2) Yo ________________ en la cafetería. (almorzar)
3) Yo ________________ la guitarra. (jugar)
practiqué
almorcé
jugué
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MINI QUIZ (continued)
REVIEW:Describe each picture using the preterite tense of the verb.
__________________ ____________________ ______________
__________________
Ellos . . . Él . . . Tú . . .
Yo . . . _____________________Nosotros . . .
miraron buceó caminaste
nadé tomamos el sol
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THINGS TO REMEMBER . . .
• Use “saber” to talk about knowing facts or how to do something.
• Use “conocer” to talk about knowing a person or place.
• Both “saber” and “concocer” have irregular yo forms.
• Use preterite tense to talk about things that happened in the past.
• The nosotros form is the same for preterite and present
tense.
• In preterite tense, the -car, -gar, and -zar verbs are only different in the yo form.
• Both the yo and the él/ella forms in preterite tense have accent marks.