Space

by Year 5G

Space is...

We measure space in light-years. A light-year is the distance light travels in one year.That's an amazing 10,000,000,000,000 kilometers!It's 4.2 light-years to the nearest star beyond the Sun!

The Powers of Ten

This link will go to the website of this film.

Scientists still haven't discovered everything about space, even though they already know a lot. There could be lots more out there so the scientists have been launching robots and space shuttles. They still haven't learned exactly how or why the big bang happened. They don't know how big the Universe is and we're sure that they will never know. That is one out of many mysteries of our Universe.

Anna and Emily

Space is

The Big Bang

Most astronomers believe that 14 billion years ago the Universe started with the the Big Bang. At that time, the entire Universe was inside a bubble that was thousands of times smaller. It was hotter than anything you can imagine in the whole world, even the sun is still not as hot.

Ella-May

There are many stars in the Galaxy. Stars are made from plasma and held together by gravity. Some of the stars come together to make constellations. Some constellations are used for different beliefs. When a star dies sometimes it becomes a Black Hole. You will learn more about Black Holes later . A star goes through many stages before it dies.

Emily

Stars

A star is a massive, shining sphere of plasma held together by

gravity. The nearest star to

Earth is the Sun, which is the

source of most of the energy on the

planet.

Ellie

A few stars

Our Milky Way is BIG. It has 200,000,000,000 - 400,000,000,000 stars.This was discovered by Galileo .

In the old days people would look at the sky and think the sky looks like a long stream of white milk.So they called it the Milky Way.

Nichole

Our Milky Way

Betelgeuse

Betelgeuse is a star, seen red in the sky, which could blow up tomorrow or it could have blown up a million years ago. The reason it's red is because of this. It could have exploded a million years ago because this star is particularly far away so the light takes a long time to reach Earth. We could be seeing a star that doesn't even exist anymore!

Jessica

Proxima centauriProxima Centauri is the nearest star to oursolar system. This means it's 4.2 light years away - that is amazingly far away!If the sky is clear at night you can maybe see it, really small because it's really far.

Jose

Constellations

Constellations are shapes that stars make. The most famous ones arethe Ursa Majorand Ursa Minor.

The Sun

The Sun is the hottest and the closest star. That is why you see it very big. It is approximately 15 million °C! Without the Sun all the planets would go off in a straight line, with nothing to orbit. There would also be no more days, just one continuous night that would be freezing cold (this would happen after a few minutes).

Jessica and Ella-May

The Sun from IST

The Sun sets in the West. the Sun sets in the West.st

Then it goes south.st

The Sun appears in the East.

Jose and Christopher

Night and Day

When the Sun is at a certain point facing the earth, the other side is dark so it’s night and other side is light which means it’s day.

Nichole and Anna

Happy New Year! Every year the Earth goes around the Sun and when

it has done a whole turn then it

becomes New Year.

Amandine and Ella-May

The Sun is approximately 15,000,000°C hot. The Sun is made up of gas and burning fire. Its circumference is 1,391,980 km.

The Sun's distancesThe Sun's nearest planet is Mercury. Its maximum distance from the sun is 69.7 million km. The minimum distance is 45.9 million km.

Sun The Sun is nearly spherical.

Sophia and Sophie

The orbits of the planets

Distance from the Sun to the PlanetsName Mass compared

to EarthDistance (km)

Mercury 0.0553 57,909,175

Venus 0.815 108,208,930

Earth 1 149,597,890

Mars 0.107 227,936,640

Jupiter 318 778,412,010

Saturn 95.2 1,426,725,400

Uranus 17.2 2,870,972,200

More about planetsDid you know some planets are named after Roman gods? Mercury is the closest planet to the sun and has the shortest orbit. Also named after Hermes. Venus, also called earth's sister planet, is named after the goddess of love. Mars, also called the Red planet , named after the god of war, Ares. Jupiter, largest planet, it has 63 moons. Also named after the god Zeus. Saturn, 9 times larger than Earth, named after Kronos. Uranus, the coldest planet, the seventh from the sun . Neptune, the last planet from the sun, also named after the god Poseidon, fourth largest planet .My Very Educated Mother Just Saw Uncle Nick.(this is how to remember the planets in order) Emily

MercuryYou probably think it takes one year for the Earth to go round the sun but to be exact it takes 365 days, 5 hours, 49 minutes and 1.20 seconds.The Sun is closest star to the Earth. The closest planet to the Sun is Mercury. Mercury is the smallest and fastest out of the eight planets. The circumference is 15,329 km. Mercury is grey and has little holes.

Sophia

Quiz on Mercury

1. What does the planet Mercury look like?2. How long does it take for the Earth to go round the sun?3. Is Mercury closest to the Sun or further away?4. What is the circumference of Mercury in km?Sophia

Venus is about 482°C hot. Venus is a brownish colour. It's circumference is 38,025 km. Venus is 108,200,000 km away from the sun.

Sophia 23,627

Venus

Earth

Earth has a lot of life on it. There are billions of living things live here. A little less than 3 quarters of it is water and a little more than 1 quarter is land. Some living things live on land, but some live in the ocean. Christopher

Earth

Earth's moon is the brightest object in our night sky. It appears quite large, but that is only because it is close. Earth's moon is the fifth largest moon in the solar system.And there's a new crater on the Moon. It's about 14 meters wide, 3 meters deep and precisely one month, eleven days old.T

By Nichole and Ellie

The Moon

Different Moon shapes

Every day there is a different moon percentage like tonight it'll be 19% and so on until its full moon. You can go on to this website .

Full moon is when the sun is fully facing the moon

Anna

The Moon's orbitThe Moon goes around the Earth taking 27 days, 7 hours, 43 minutes, 11.6 seconds.

A lunar month is the time the Moon takes to pass through a complete cycle of its phases and is measured from New Moon to New Moon. A lunar month is about 29 days, 12 hours, 44 minutes, 2.9 seconds.

Jessica and Ella-May

Jessica And Ella-May

Mars is often called the Red Planet because it appears in the sky as a red star. The colour caused the ancient Greeks and Romans to name it after their god of war.

Ella-May

The Red Planet - Mars

Mars is Big

mars is very big it is 3,390 km wide.Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second smallest planet in the Solar System. Named after the Roman god of war, it is often described as the "Red Planet", as the iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance

Millie

Why is mars red Mars is red because its rock contains lots of iron oxide — the same compound that gives blood and rust their hue. But why does Mars have so much iron, why is that iron "oxidized," and why does iron oxide look red?

It all started 4.5 billion years ago. When the solar system formed,

Millie

quiz on Mars 1. How wide is Mars? 2. How far away is Mars? A. 903 km B. 6,800 km A. 34,000,000 km C. 45,798 km B. 3,400,000 km C. 143,000,000 kmWhat colour is mars?A.Yellow B. Green C. RedMillie

Jupiter Jupiter is very big, bigger than all of the planets put together. Jupiter is the sixth planet to the sun. Scientists have been trying to figure more out because people have seen its moons and they want to find out more.

Anna

The Galilean Moons of JupiterThese are the moons of Jupiterthat Galileo Galilei discoveredwith his telescope.My favourite one is Europa which people say that at the top is ice and the inside is an ocean of water.

By Jose

CallistoThis moon is a Jupiter moon,and did you know that Jupiter has 67 moon's around!(it it is a lot isn't it)I am going to tell you about Callisto and this moon is one of the moons of Jupiter.This moon was discovered in 1610 by Galileo Galilei. This moon is 628,300,000 km from the Earth. Did you know that all the moons of Jupiter are not the same shape. There are moons that are sausage shape and stuff like that.Amandine

Callisto

SaturnSaturn has sixty two moons, some with names. It is also the second largest planet. It's ring is made from billions of pieces of rocks, ice and dust. Saturn takes 29 Earth years (1 Saturn year) to orbit the sun. Jessica

Pluto was called the 9th planet. But they discovered Eris the 10th planet. Scientists think Pluto and Eris were too small to be planets so they changed them to dwarf planets.Did you know that Pluto is smaller than one of Jupiter 's moon.

by: Nichole

Pluto and Eris

Black holes aren't really that complicated: loads and loads of stars get sucked into it and I bet once in the universe there even were planets that got sucked into it, and it is a shame because we could of discovered them.

Amandine and Millie

Black holes

Black holes

A black hole was once a big star. It exploded into a supernova. After a blinding flash, most of it scattered across space, and the rest collapsed into a black hole.

If you got too close to a black hole you would not survive inside and you would never come out. The enormous pull of gravity is impossible to resist.

By Millie and Amandine

Black holes A black hole is the centre of the Milky Way. It sucks in everything that gets too close to it and keep those things in so it never come out. So you could die by starvation or thirst.

SatellitesSatellites are very useful for looking in space. They help us use our phones and laptops. Satellites are very important for us because they show us new things about the planets. It is the same way that we found distant things in space. The International Space Station (ISS) is a satellite. People in the Space Station get food every month. They have 40 kg of food. By William and Florian

Did you ever see a shooting star before? I never saw one. Well, did you know that a shooting star is a

comet. People say if you see one and you

make a wish it will come true!

shooting stars

A Supernova, also known as Meganova, is a star when it dies.

Jose and Max

Supernova Explosion

When a supernovaexplodes it creates a

Comets

Comets are large lumps of ice grit and dust mixed together. Scientists study comets to find out things about our solar system and how it formed. As comets get close to the sun they form a tail that is also called a coma. They have this tail because as they get close to the sun the ice begins to melt. et close to the sun the ice begins to melt.

Halley's CometHalley’s comet is the only comet visible with the bare eye from earth. It is called Halley’s comet after the man who discovered it Edward Halley. Halley’s comet is seen every 76 years, it was last seen in 1986 so I will be 58 when we next see it. Halley’s comet was seen in 1066 we know this by counting back but also the fact that it is shown on the Bayeux tapestry.

Sophie

AstronautsNeil A Armstrong is one of the most famous astronauts, he was born in 1930 and died in 2012 at the age of 82. He first orbited the Earth in 1965.To the Americans he is a hero because he was the first man on the moon. This is what he said: "That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind."

Sophia

Answers to Mars Quiz

1. B2. A3. C