South West Asia and South West Asia and North AfricaNorth Africa

Chapters 23 - 25Chapters 23 - 25SSWG3 The student will describe the interaction of

physical and human systems that have shaped contemporary North Africa/Southwest Asia.

a. Describe the location of major physical features and their impact on North Africa/Southwest Asia. b. Describe the major climates of North Africa/Southwest Asia and how they have affected the development of North Africa/Southwest Asia. c. Analyze the impact natural resources, especially oil, have on North Africa/Southwest Asia. e. Explain the impact of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the development of the region’s culture. f. Explain why this region contains areas on two different continents. g. Describe the major ethnic and cultural groups in North Africa/Southwest Asia; include major customs and traditions.

f. Explain why this region contains areas on two different continents.

JudaismJudaism ChristianityChristianity IslamIslam

1.Place of Origin1.Place of Origin

2. Where people 2. Where people who believe that live who believe that live today?today?

BeliefsBeliefs1.1. Monotheistic or Monotheistic or

PolytheisticPolytheistic

2.2. FounderFounder

3.3. What do they What do they believe?believe?

Holy TextHoly Text

e. Explain the impact of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the development of the region’s culture.

Pg. 448Pg. 4481.1. a. Agricultural Revolution a. Agricultural Revolution – when hunters and gatherers first began to raise – when hunters and gatherers first began to raise

plants and animlas for food around 8,000 B.C.plants and animlas for food around 8,000 B.C.b.b. CivilizationCivilization – 3000 B.C. when people began to write and live in cities – in – 3000 B.C. when people began to write and live in cities – in MesopotamiaMesopotamiac.c. monotheismmonotheism – belief in one God – belief in one Godd.d. protectorateprotectorate – when a country has it’s own government but is still controlled, – when a country has it’s own government but is still controlled, or protected by an outside power – most Middle Eastern countries were once or protected by an outside power – most Middle Eastern countries were once protectorates of a European countryprotectorates of a European country

2.2. JudaismJudaism – Israel; – Israel; ChristianityChristianity – Europe, North and South America; – Europe, North and South America; IslamIslam – Middle – Middle East (N. Africa and S.West Asia)East (N. Africa and S.West Asia)

3.3. How has movement contributed to culture change in Central and South west How has movement contributed to culture change in Central and South west Asia? Asia? - When Islamic cultures took over other cultures in the Middle east, the - When Islamic cultures took over other cultures in the Middle east, the people they conquered became Muslim too.people they conquered became Muslim too.

Page 440Page 4401.1. Caspian Depression - Caspian Depression - lies below sea level; area surrounding Caspian Sea and lies below sea level; area surrounding Caspian Sea and

areas along Northern Iranareas along Northern Iran2.2. What parts of this region provide most of the water for the rivers that cross the What parts of this region provide most of the water for the rivers that cross the

dry lowlands? dry lowlands? -Caucus Mts. – Armenia and Georgia; Kirgiz Range – Kyrgystan -Caucus Mts. – Armenia and Georgia; Kirgiz Range – Kyrgystan and Tajikistan; Pontic Mts - Turkeyand Tajikistan; Pontic Mts - Turkey

Page 442Page 4421.1. Which part of Iraq has the largest amount of preciptiation? Which part of Iraq has the largest amount of preciptiation? North EasternNorth Eastern2.2. What relationship do you see between elevation and climate? What relationship do you see between elevation and climate? The higher the The higher the

elevation, the cooler the climate.elevation, the cooler the climate.

Page 444Page 4441.1. a. Chapparal - a. Chapparal - desert-like ecosystem with short shrubs and trees used to little waterdesert-like ecosystem with short shrubs and trees used to little water

b. poaching – b. poaching – illegal huntingillegal hunting2.2. What reasons might there be for the lack of chaparral along the Persian Gulf and Red What reasons might there be for the lack of chaparral along the Persian Gulf and Red

Sea? Sea? - These climates have arid climates and are located closer to the equator- These climates have arid climates and are located closer to the equator

Page 446Page 4461.1. a. mosque – a. mosque – Islamic place of worshipIslamic place of worship b. muezzin – b. muezzin – the man who calls Muslims to praythe man who calls Muslims to pray c. minaret – c. minaret – the tower where he calls them to prayerthe tower where he calls them to prayer2.2. Which countries have the highest population densities? Which countries have the highest population densities? Turkey, Iran, Georgia, Turkey, Iran, Georgia,

Kyrgystan, Uzbekistan, TajikistanKyrgystan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan3.3. Why do you think that the regions largest cities lie in river valleys or along the Why do you think that the regions largest cities lie in river valleys or along the

coast? coast? - no matter what culture, access to water for industry, crops, and trade is - no matter what culture, access to water for industry, crops, and trade is always where the first civilizations and largest cities are builtalways where the first civilizations and largest cities are built

Page 448Page 4481.1. a. Desalination plant – a. Desalination plant – factory where water is taken out of sea water factory where water is taken out of sea water b. nomad – b. nomad – people who travel from place to place; take tents with them; usually people who travel from place to place; take tents with them; usually

are animal herdersare animal herders2.2. Which countries have supplies of petroleum or natural gas? Which countries have supplies of petroleum or natural gas? Iran, Iraq, Saudi Iran, Iraq, Saudi

ArabiaArabia3.3. Why might water be a source of conflict in this region? Why might water be a source of conflict in this region? Because you need it for Because you need it for

everything – industry, agriculture, and home useeverything – industry, agriculture, and home use

Islam Unites RegionIslam Unites Region Founded by Muhammad in 632 Founded by Muhammad in 632

A.D.A.D. After his death, split into two After his death, split into two

sects, or denominationssects, or denominations SunniSunni ShiiteShiite

For next 1,000 years, different For next 1,000 years, different Muslim Empires control this Muslim Empires control this area of the worldarea of the world

They rule according to They rule according to “SHARIA”“SHARIA”

Laws based on the teachings Laws based on the teachings of Muhammad and Quranof Muhammad and Quran

Many Countries have sharia Many Countries have sharia courts for marriage, family courts for marriage, family issues, and issues, and social issues

These laws are still in effect These laws are still in effect todytody

BeliefsBeliefs Five Pillars (Foundational beliefs) of IslamFive Pillars (Foundational beliefs) of Islam

Salah - Pray 5 times a day facing MeccaSalah - Pray 5 times a day facing Mecca Shahadah - Statement of FaithShahadah - Statement of Faith Zakat - Give 2% of income to the poorZakat - Give 2% of income to the poor Hajj – Pilgrimage to MeccaHajj – Pilgrimage to Mecca Sawm - FastingSawm - Fasting

Shiites believe that the caliph, or Islamic Shiites believe that the caliph, or Islamic leader, should be a descendant of himleader, should be a descendant of him

SunnisSunnis believe that the successor should be believe that the successor should be elected elected

If a country Sunni today, it might have If a country Sunni today, it might have problems with a country that is not, and vice problems with a country that is not, and vice versa.versa.

Iran – ShiiteIran – Shiite Iraq – SunniIraq – Sunni

Islamic Countries Islamic Countries Government and EconomyGovernment and Economy

Most countries have elected leadersMost countries have elected leaders Most countries depend on industry, such Most countries depend on industry, such

as chemicals made from oil, for their as chemicals made from oil, for their economieseconomies

Gulf countries depend on oil or products Gulf countries depend on oil or products made from oilmade from oil

TOD: Write on a sheet of paper:TOD: Write on a sheet of paper:

1.1. Your name. Your name.

2.2. The two main Islamic sects.The two main Islamic sects.

3.3. One way in which S.W. Asia and Northern Africa are connected. One way in which S.W. Asia and Northern Africa are connected.

Major Middle East IssuesMajor Middle East Issues Problem: Access to Water - Iraq, Saudi Arabia Problem: Access to Water - Iraq, Saudi Arabia

and other Persian Gulf Countries, North Africa and other Persian Gulf Countries, North Africa

Solution: setting up desalination plants that Solution: setting up desalination plants that remove salt from the ocean water for drinkingremove salt from the ocean water for drinking

Problem: Middle East Issue – Palestinians Problem: Middle East Issue – Palestinians want their own govt. – Israel wants to control want their own govt. – Israel wants to control the areathe area

Solution: Diplomacy with United States and Solution: Diplomacy with United States and other countries acting as negotiatorother countries acting as negotiator

Problem: Disagreement between Islamic Sects Problem: Disagreement between Islamic Sects – Iraq, Lebanon, Syria– Iraq, Lebanon, Syria

Solution: Secular Governments guarantee a Solution: Secular Governments guarantee a percentage of leadership positions to a certain percentage of leadership positions to a certain sect; people will still disagreesect; people will still disagree

Problem: Lack of Natural Resources like Problem: Lack of Natural Resources like agricultural lands or forestsagricultural lands or forests

Solution: Countries invest in other industries Solution: Countries invest in other industries like chemical manufacturing or technologylike chemical manufacturing or technology

7. What is one geographical feature that many of these countries have in common?

8. Who is the caliph?9. What are the two main Islamic sects?10. What county just recently announced it

built a uranium enrichment plant?

11. Why does this unit contain countries located on two different continents?

12. Name a solution to the lack of water that countries located on the Persian Gulf use.

13. What is Sharia?14. Where do the majority of

people who believe in Christianity live?

15. Where do the majority of people who believe in Judaism live?

16. Briefly describe the “Middle East Issue.”

1

5 43 2

6

NotesNotes/CNN Quiz/CNN Quiz

AB

C

Extra Credit:1.Which letter identifies the Red Sea?2.Which letter identifies the Persian Gulf?

E

D

Pop QuizPop Quiz1.1. What is the most important political What is the most important political

characteristic/issue of SW Asia and North characteristic/issue of SW Asia and North Africa?Africa?

2.2. When and why was the nation state of When and why was the nation state of Israel created?Israel created?

3.3. What has happened in the last 65 years What has happened in the last 65 years in that area of the world?in that area of the world?

4.4. What geographical feature in North What geographical feature in North Africa determines where people live?Africa determines where people live?

5.5. What common cultural attribute, or trait, What common cultural attribute, or trait, do people in SW Asia and North Africa do people in SW Asia and North Africa share?share?

Common HistoryCommon History In the last 100 years most of the In the last 100 years most of the

Saudi Arabian Peninsula and North Saudi Arabian Peninsula and North Africa struggled for independence Africa struggled for independence from Great Britain, France, or Italy from Great Britain, France, or Italy

1945- After WWII Arabic speaking 1945- After WWII Arabic speaking countries decided to unitecountries decided to unite

Formed the Arab League, Formed the Arab League, an organization of Arabic an organization of Arabic speaking nations with speaking nations with common interestscommon interests

Passes political and Passes political and economic resolutionseconomic resolutions

Has little real power Has little real power because has no militarybecause has no military

Many Islamic countries feel Many Islamic countries feel ignored or betrayed by English ignored or betrayed by English speaking countries speaking countries

Broken promises to help them Broken promises to help them with financing new with financing new governmentsgovernments

Our Allies – Egypt, Jordan, Our Allies – Egypt, Jordan, Syria*, Algeria, Tunisia, Pakistan, Syria*, Algeria, Tunisia, Pakistan, Iraq, Oman, United Arab Iraq, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Qatar Emirates, Kuwait, Qatar

Non-allies – Iran, Afghanistan, Non-allies – Iran, Afghanistan, Sudan, Lebanon, YemenSudan, Lebanon, Yemen

““Middle East Issue”Middle East Issue”

Creation of Israel after the Creation of Israel after the HolocaustHolocaust

1949 – Great Britain set the 1949 – Great Britain set the boundariesboundaries

Promised Arabs a Promised Arabs a government of their owngovernment of their own

Reneged on the promiseReneged on the promise Since then, Arabs and Israelis Since then, Arabs and Israelis

have had problemshave had problems

Complete the Study Guide on your Complete the Study Guide on your own and for homework.own and for homework.

27

26

28 29

25A. Saudi Arabia

B. EgyptC. IsraelD. IranE. Iraq

WATER RESOURCESWATER RESOURCESin the Middle Eastin the Middle East

Home WorkHome Work

Take Notes on Chapter 23 – Section Take Notes on Chapter 23 – Section 4 4

Be prepared for quiz based on oil in Be prepared for quiz based on oil in the Saudi Arabian Peninsula!!!the Saudi Arabian Peninsula!!!

TOD Ch – 23TOD Ch – 23

1.1. What do Zionists believe?What do Zionists believe?

2.2. How is drip irrigation better than How is drip irrigation better than regular irrigation?regular irrigation?

3.3. Where is the fertile crescent?Where is the fertile crescent?

4.4. Desalination takes salt out of what?Desalination takes salt out of what?

The most important defining The most important defining characteristic in this region is the characteristic in this region is the

creation of creation of IsraelIsrael after WWII. This is after WWII. This is known as the known as the MidEast Conflict.MidEast Conflict.

News from the Mid-EastNews from the Mid-East

NY Times – NY Times – Middle East

CNN QUIZCNN QUIZ

1.1. How did one rock band get punished for playing How did one rock band get punished for playing to loud?to loud?

2.2. What do economists hope Americans will do What do economists hope Americans will do during the Holiday season?during the Holiday season?

3.3. What happened in Mumbai, India last week?What happened in Mumbai, India last week?4.4. How much will the big three execs make a year if How much will the big three execs make a year if

the government gives them a bailout?the government gives them a bailout?5.5. What is one major problem for students who What is one major problem for students who

want to go to college?want to go to college?6.6. How does Jessica Cox fly her airplane?How does Jessica Cox fly her airplane?7.7. Approximately how much money does it cost per Approximately how much money does it cost per

year to go to an Ivey League school like year to go to an Ivey League school like Columbia University in NY?Columbia University in NY?

Israel vs. PalestineIsrael vs. Palestine

Gaza Strip Smuggling

Major Geographic Features Major Geographic Features Deccan Plateau – semi-arid and tropicalDeccan Plateau – semi-arid and tropical Himalayan Mountains – creates monsoon seasonHimalayan Mountains – creates monsoon season Tropical Rainforest of BangladeshTropical Rainforest of Bangladesh Estuary System – Ganges, Ghaghara, Brahmaputra Estuary System – Ganges, Ghaghara, Brahmaputra

RiversRivers

Cultures and ReligionsCultures and Religions Hinduism, Buddhism, IslamHinduism, Buddhism, Islam Hindi, Urdu, Dravidians, Pashtu, Dari, PakistaniHindi, Urdu, Dravidians, Pashtu, Dari, Pakistani

India India main religion is Hinduismmain religion is Hinduism Highest population density on earth except for ChinaHighest population density on earth except for China Land use – subsistence farmingLand use – subsistence farming

South Asia – South Asia – India, Nepal, India, Nepal, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan,

BangladeshBangladesh Chapter 28 Chapter 28

Look at the map on 599 Look at the map on 599 – why do you think – why do you think there is a population there is a population concentration in that concentration in that area?area?

East Asia – East Asia – China, Mongolia, China, Mongolia, Indonesia, Thailand, Cambodia, Myanmar, Indonesia, Thailand, Cambodia, Myanmar,

Laos, Japan, New Guinea, MongoliaLaos, Japan, New Guinea, MongoliaChapter 30Chapter 30

Major Geographic Features Major Geographic Features Gobi DesertGobi Desert

Cultures and ReligionsCultures and Religions Hinduism, Buddhism, IslamHinduism, Buddhism, Islam Hindi, Urdu, Dravidians, Pashtu, Dari, PakistaniHindi, Urdu, Dravidians, Pashtu, Dari, Pakistani

India India main religion is Hinduismmain religion is Hinduism Highest population density on earth except for Highest population density on earth except for

ChinaChina Land use – subsistence farmingLand use – subsistence farming

1.1. What is the condition Sen. Dodd says should be in What is the condition Sen. Dodd says should be in place before Congress gives the big three a bailout?place before Congress gives the big three a bailout?

2.2. What is Illinois Gov. Blagojevich accused of?What is Illinois Gov. Blagojevich accused of?3.3. What ethnicity made this man the first to be recently What ethnicity made this man the first to be recently

elected to Congress?elected to Congress?4.4. What does the front ogranization for Lashkar-e-Tayyiba What does the front ogranization for Lashkar-e-Tayyiba

purport to be?purport to be?5.5. Why do some English universities ask random Why do some English universities ask random

questions of applicants?questions of applicants?6.6. Why are youth rioting in Greece?Why are youth rioting in Greece?7.7. What occupations are continuing to add jobs during a What occupations are continuing to add jobs during a

time of economic recession?time of economic recession?8.8. What disease is taking place in Zimbabwe that could be What disease is taking place in Zimbabwe that could be

easily eliminated by boiling water?easily eliminated by boiling water?9.9. What is ecotourism?What is ecotourism?10.10. What happened to one boy recently while he was snow What happened to one boy recently while he was snow

boarding on a golf course?boarding on a golf course?