D: 11/15/12A: Notes on South AmericaS: How is Brazil different from other countries in South America?H: Aztec codex due TOMORROW

w.o.d: campesino

Warm-Up: Answer the questions under Diagram skills on pg 270. Write the questions and answers.

Word of the DayWORD

campesino

DEIFINTION

A tenantfarmer or

farmworker in

LatinAmerica.

SENTENCE

Campesinosoften do notfarm enoughfood to feedtheir familiesbecause theyare farmingcash crops.

PICTURE

South America

I. BrazilA.The Northeast Region

1. The Portuguese colonized Brazil for its farm land and imported 3 million African slaves to work the plantations

2. Today this is the largest poverty area of Brazil with a life expectancy of 49 years

I. BrazilB. The Southeast Region

1. This is the economic heartland of Brazil where agriculture is king growing sugar cane, rice, cotton, cacao, and coffee. Grows ¼ of world’s coffee

2. Many people migrate to Sao Paulo and Rio de Janiero search for a better life but often end up in favelas due to a lack of education

3. Rio de Janeiro is most known for Carnival a four day festival prior to Lent and a Latin dance called the samba

I. BrazilC.The Brazilian Highlands

1. The interior area of hills is home to the capital Brasilia established in 1956 hoping to get people to leave the overcrowded Rio.

I. BrazilD.The Amazon River Region

1. The Amazon Basin is home to the Amazon River the world’s largest river by volume and has hundreds of tributaries

2. About 200,000 Indians from 180 tribes live in the Amazon River Basin still using a broad network of trading but disease is killing them so the government is moving them to reservations

I. BrazilE. Economy & Government

1. With many Brazilians living in poverty the government worked to create a middle class by building a steel mill, an oil refinery, giving free plots of land and building hydroelectric dams to stir the economy.

2. With the cost of oil rising Brazil began to make gasohol from sugar cane. They no longer need to import foreign oil.

3. Today the economy is broken up into thirds between agriculture, manufacturing and service industries.

II. The Northern TropicsA. The Guianas

1. Made up of Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana owned by France

2. Culturally these countries are much different than the rest of the continent as Guyana was a former British colony and Suriname was a colony of the Netherlands. Most people are African or Asian

3. Many slaves were brought to work on the sugar plantations and when it was abolished many Asians moved to work the fields. Today many people in all three countries are mulattos of mixed African some other ancestry

4. All three of these countries make money from fishing, growing sugar and rice and mining bauxite.

II. The Northern TropicsB. Venezuela

1. Has a varied landscape from the highlands of the north where the busy cities have their ranchitos to the grasslands called the llanos in the south used for grazing cattle

2. The climate is dependent on the land’s elevation giving each region a different crop to grow.

3. The number one export is oil and it holds 24% of the oil reserves

II. The Northern TropicsC. Colombia

1. The majority of the people live in the valleys of the cordillera or parallel mountain ranges.

2. The number one legal export is coffee while marijuana and cocaine bring in twice as much money.

3. The country is under constant political strive as the wealthy and poor fight for power and work to control the government

III. The Andean Countries

A. Physical Characteristics1. The snowcapped Andes run along the entire

west coast and have many volcanoes and earthquakes.

2. The Strait of Magellan in the south connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

3. The high plateau called the Altiplano is home to Lake Titicaca

4. The elevation requires vertical trading

III. The Andean Countries

B. Ecuador1. Many people are descendants of the

Incans but the 10% of wealthy that live there run the countries economy and government

2. The export bananas, cacao, coffee and oil found in the selva

III. The Andean Countries

C. Peru1. Was the heart of the Incan empire and

45% of the people still live this way and are still dependent on llamas and subsistence farming.

2. Mestizos make up the rest of the population and work in factories or on farms growing cotton, sugar and rice.

III. The Andean Countries

D.Bolivia1. The country is landlocked making

its economy struggle. Children work rather than get an education and its many products are potatoes, wheat and barley

III. The Andean Countries

E. Chile1. Is the most ethnically diverse in South

America with most people living in the central valley.

2. Fruit, vegetables and grapes for wine are grown for export as well as fishing

3. Most people live below the poverty line.