somatoform and dissociative disorders. somatoform disorders physical ailment has no apparent medical...
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Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders
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Somatoform Disorders
• Physical ailment has no apparent medical cause…
• Do people purposely produce their symptoms?
• Hysterical and Preoccupation Somatoform Disorders
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Hysterical Somatoform Disorders
• Suffer actual changes in their physical functioning
• Hard to distinguish• 3 disorders• Conversion,
somatization, & pain disorder associated with psychological factors
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Conversion Disorder
• Psychological conflict or need is converted into…
• Symptoms seem…• Examples• DSM Checklist• Begin between late
childhood and young adulthood
• Suddenly, women• 5 of every 1,000 people
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Somatization Disorder
• May have long-lasting physical ailments that have little or no organic basis
• Briquet’s Syndrome• Range of ailments…• Doctor to doctor• Runs in families• Begins between... And lasts…
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Pain Disorder Associated with Psychological Factors
• Patients with a conversion of somatization disorder may also experience pain, but…
• Fairly common• More women than men• Often develops after an accident or during an
illness
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Factitious Disorder
• People go to extremes to create appearance of illness
• Give themselves meds secretly
• Munchausen Syndrome• Munchausen Syndrome
by proxy
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Preoccupation Somatoform Disorders• Misinterpret and overreact
to bodily symptoms• Hypochondriasis—• Begins at any age• DSM Checklist• Dysmorphophobia—• Focus on wrinkles,…• Bad odors…• Great lengths to hide
“defects”• Begin during adolescence
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Causes of Somatoform Disorders
• May have been acquired earlier in life through conditioning or modeling
• So sensitive to and threatened by bodily cues that they come to over interpret them
• Brings rewards• Forms of communication
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Somatoform Disorder Treatment
• Go to physician first• Typically receive kinds of treatments applied
to anxiety disorders
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Dissociative Disorders
• Dissociative Disorders—
• Dissociative Amnesia—• Specific upsetting
events• 4 kinds-localized,
selective, generalized, continuous
• Localized is most common
• All deal with personal material
• Memory for abstract info remains
• Triggers?
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Dissociative Fugue• Definition—• Can be brief• Extreme cases new
identity!• Follows a severely
stressful event• Affects personal memory• Tend to end
suddenly-”awaken”• Most regain all of
memories when over
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Dissociative Identity Disorder (Multiple Personality)
• Definition—• Subpersonalities—• The host• Switching• Early adulthood diagnosis• Starts in childhood• 97% physically/sexually
abused• 100 observed in a case• Most have 2-3 at a time
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How to explain it
• Repression of painful memories, thoughts or impulses
• Lifetime of repression• Bad thoughts, try to disown and assign them
to other personalities• Conditioning-bad event, get relief when minds
drift
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Treatment
• Psychodynamic therapy• Hypnotic therapy• Drugs
• Multiple treatment difficult• Recognizing the disorder, recovering
memories, and integrating the subpersonalities