Solutions!Solutions!

Classification of MatterClassification of Matter

MatterMatter

PureSubstances

Mixtures

HomogeneousHomogeneousMixturesMixtures

HeterogeneousHeterogeneousMixturesMixturesElementsElements CompoundsCompounds

Heterogeneous MixturesHeterogeneous Mixtures

• see see visibly different regionsvisibly different regions– granitegranite

– dirtdirt

– cerealscereals

– oil & vinegaroil & vinegar

• see a see a boundaryboundary– ice cubes in waterice cubes in water

Homogeneous MixturesHomogeneous Mixtures

• particlesparticles very smallvery small – on atomic scale – on atomic scale– too small to be seen – can’t be sorted or trapped by filter– won’t scatter light

• particles particles evenly distributedevenly distributed• mixture mixture will not separatewill not separate

SolutionSolution

homogeneous mixture of 2 or homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances in a single more substances in a single physical statephysical state (phase) (phase)

Parts of a SolutionParts of a Solution

• solutesolute = substance being dissolved

• solventsolvent = dispersing medium

substance being dissolved in

Can you identify the Can you identify the solute and solvent in solute and solvent in each picture?each picture?

solute = ? solvent = ?solute = ? solvent = ?

hints to identify solute & solventhints to identify solute & solvent

• solutesolute: –substance that changes phase –substance that have less of

• solvensolvent: –substance that maintains phase

–substance that have more of

Aqueous SolutionsAqueous Solutions• waterwater is

solvent

• transition transition metalsmetals form brightly colored solutions

Solutions occur in all 3 phases!Solutions occur in all 3 phases!

Alloys: Brass, etc.Alloys: Brass, etc.SolidSolidSolidSolid

Fillings: Hg in AgFillings: Hg in AgSolidSolidLiquidLiquidHH22 in Pd metal in Pd metalSolidSolidGasGas

Salt waterSalt waterLiquidLiquidSolid Solid

Antifreeze in radiatorAntifreeze in radiatorLiquidLiquidLiquidLiquid

Seltzer WaterSeltzer WaterLiquidLiquidGasGas

MothballsMothballsGasGasSolidSolid

Water Vapor in AirWater Vapor in AirGasGasLiquidLiquid

AirAirGasGasGasGas

ExampleSolventSolute

Gas in a liquid:Gas in a liquid:COCO22 in and out of water in and out of water

bubbles mean itbubbles mean it’’s a mixture not a solution!s a mixture not a solution!