solar thermal in sweden visiting group from bulgaria stockholm 2008-05-29 arne andersson swedish...
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Solar Thermal inSweden
Visiting group from Bulgaria
Stockholm 2008-05-29
Arne Andersson
Swedish Energy Agency
What will be spoken
• Possibilities in Sweden
• The swedish situation
• Environmental advantages
• Technics
• Examples
• Economy
Main issues for solar thermal
• What kind of energy is replaced by solar thermal ?
• What kind of environmental benefit is connected
• Is there any reduction on green-house-gases ?
Who gains the most ?
• Solar heating is more interesting for the endconsumer than the energydelivering company
• It is more a way of saving energy than producing energy
• The value for the endconsumer is 1.00 Sek/ kWh or more, but for the energy producer it is about 0.30 Sek /kWh.
Sweden
9 million inhabitants Large bioenergy sources ~250 000 sqm of solar
collectors, i.e. ~ 25 sqm per 1000 capita
Small but developing solar energy association …
Small but positive development for solar heating ….
Main applications
Pioneering solar district heating
Pioneering roof module collectors on multifamily buildings
Majority of solar systems are combined with wood chips, briquettes and pellet boilers …
Preheating hot water in single and multifamily buildings ...
Market introduction
• Misc. R&D programs 1975-2003
• Misc. investment subsidies 1978-1997
• Quality label introduced in 1990
• Performance based investment subsidy from 2000- … ( at present until 2010),
• Initiated and evealuated by Energimyn-digheten, Boverket and Svensk solenergi
• Adoption of Solar Keymark
Solar district heating
Kungälv 200010 000 sqm ~ 7 MWth
Swedish technology !?
There are ~120 systems with >500 sqm solar collectors in Europe ... (>350 kW thermal power)
>20% are in Sweden .. ! ~40% of the collector area with
modules developed in Sweden .. ! ~60% of the collector area with
Swedish absorbers .. !
Solar heating plants
> 350 kWth
> 3 500 kWth
Systems
• Combisystems for single family houses – Boiler + 500 – 1 500 liter tank + 10 sqm collectors
• Solar hot water for single family houses - 5 sqm colectors + 300 liter (Electric heater)
• Solar hot water and/or combisystems for multifamily buildings - 3-5 sqm per apartment; 100 liter/sqm - 1 sqm per person
Vallda, 150 m², 1982-
Since 1978
EKSTA/Onsala ~ 220 m² - 1995
Lunden Onsala 1995
Mounted directly on the roof trusses
Gårdsten 2000
LESOL AB – 2006/2007
The most installed
Collector in Sweden
”Houses without heating system” – Lindås - 2003
Solar thermal in SwedenGlasade solfångare - Sverige [MW th]
Källa: SP o. Svensk solenergi
0
5
10
15
20
25
98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
Anl >100 m²
Anl 15-100 m²
Villa <15 m²
Villavärme [GWh]
0
1 000
2 000
3 000
98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06
Solvärme
Pellet
Solar 3% in relation to
use of pellet!
Pool collectors [MWth]
0
5
10
15
20
25
98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06
Sweden
Sample in AustriaSpa
Camping
Solar heatGlazed collectors
Flat plate collectors
Vacuum tube collectors
Support for installationSubsidies
• Investment grant 2.50 SEK/ inst. kWh/ Year
• Only energy verified collectors
• Investment grant since the year 2000
• Will last until 2010-12-31 under the same terms (as far as we know today)
• 2.50 SEK~ 0,40 USD-cents or 0.35 Euro-cents
• Carried out by The National Board of Housing and Planning
Principle of solar thermal system
Solar collector
Hot water tank with heat
exchanger spiral
Auxiliary energy
Hot waterCold water
Principles for solar thermal system
Solar heating plant principle
ForbrugereSolfangerfelt Consumers
District heating boiler plant
Solar collector field
Solar heating for swimmingpools