solar system vocab. geocentric system ptolemy – 140 a.d. greek astronomer believed that earth was...
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Solar system vocab
geocentric system
Ptolemy – 140 A.D. Greek
Astronomer
believed that Earth was the center of the universe
heliocentric system Nicolaus Copernicus – 1500s Polish
astronomer- thought that the sun is at the center of the system- current model thanks to Galileo looking through telescope
solar system
Large planetary system with many smaller planetary systems and objects (planets and their moons)
ellipse elongated
circle, oval shape
Path of orbitNot a perfect
circle
nuclear fusion2 hydrogen = helium= sun
H
H
HeHe
core #5 on picture
nuclear fusion reactions = energy
core is a very dark place!
Made of Plasma
Photosphere #4 on picture Sphere that
makes lightPart we can
actually see
chromosphere #2 on pictureMiddle layer Means color
corona #1on picture
Outer layer looks like a halo or crown
Only visible during eclipses
Sunspot #3 on picture Areas of gas
on the sun that are cooler
Look darker
prominence #6 on picture
Huge loop of gas
solar wind Corona sends
our a stream of electrically charged particles
aurora borealis- northern lights
solar flare
Huge explosions on the sun
terrestrial planetsMercury, Venus, Earth & MarsFour inner planets are small and
have rocky surfaces
Gas giants Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus & Neptune
Large outer planets with stronger gravity
Keeps gases from escaping
rotation Spinning motion of a planet about it’s own
axis ONE DAY 23 hr 57 min 4 sec (Earth) DIFFERENT FOR EACH PLANET
satellite Any object that revolves around another
object in space Natural satellite = moon Artificial satellite= machine (cell phone
signals)
revolution One year Earth 365.25 days (365) February 29 2008 leap year every 4th year
Movement of an object going around another object
retrograde rotation
• Venus- travels east to west= clockwise
• Opposite direction of most planets
• It’s day is longer than it’s year
greenhouse effect
• Carbon dioxide traps heat in the atmosphere
• Venus’ surface becomes hotter and hotter
• Trapping heat
mnemonic device
• My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Nine Pizzas
• Mercury• Venus• Earth• Mars• Jupiter• Saturn• Uranus• Neptune• Pluto