solar system (english and hindi)
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Our solar system is made up of:
Sun Eight Planets Five Dwarf Planets Their Moons and Satellites Asteroids Comets
The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System and is by far the most important source of energy for life on Earth. It is a nearly perfect spherical ball of hot plasma.
Inner Planets(Terrestrial Planets) The inner four
rocky planets at the center of the solar system are:
Mercury Venus Earth Mars
Mercury Planet nearest the sun Smallest planet Covered with craters Has no moons or rings About size of Earth’s moon
Venus About the same size of Earth and called
Earth’s Twin Has no moons or rings Hot, thick atmosphere Brightest object in sky besides sun and
moon (looks like bright star) Covered with craters, volcanoes, and
mountains
Third planet from sun Has one moon, called “MOON” At the most suitable distance
from the Sun Only planet known to have life
and liquid water Also known as Blue Planet or
Watery Planet Atmosphere composed of
Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), and other gases (1%).
Earth
Mars Fourth planet from sun Appears as bright reddish color in the
night sky Surface features volcanoes and huge dust
storms Has 2 moons: Phobos and Deimos
Outer Planets(Gas Giants) The outer planets
composed of gas are :
Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune
Jupiter Largest planet in solar
system Brightest planet in sky
after Venus 67 moons Largest four moons
discovered by Galileo Galilei
Strong magnetic field Giant red spot Rings have 3 parts: Halo
Ring, Main Ring, Gossamer Ring
Saturn 6th planet from sun Beautiful set of rings 62 moons Largest moon : Titan Easily visible in the
night sky Voyager explored
Saturn and its rings.
Uranus 7th planet from sun Has a faint ring
system 27 known moons,
largest being Titania Covered with clouds Uranus sits on its side
with the north and south poles sticking out the sides.
Neptune 8th planet from sun Discovered through
math 14 known moons Triton largest moon Great Dark Spot
thought to be a hole, similar to the hole in the ozone layer on Earth
Dwarf Planets
Ceres Pluto Haumea Makemake Eris
Ceres Closest dwarf planet to the Sun Smallest dwarf planet in solar
system Lies in the region of asteroid belt
between Mars and Jupiter Largest object in asteroid belt Has no moons Made of rock and ice
Pluto Second largest dwarf planet Mass is about 1/6 of mass of
Earth’s moon Made of rock and ice Thin atmosphere of nitrogen,
methane and carbon monoxide Has Five moons. Largest of
which is Charon
Haumea Strange dwarf planet for its
shape is more egg-like than spherical
Extremely fast rotation Inhabits a similar area of space
in Kuiper belt as Pluto 6% mass of Earth’s moon Has two moons : Hi’iaka and
Namaka
Makemake Resides in Kuiper belt Appears reddish in colour Was initially named “Easter
Bunny” Has no moons
Eris Largest dwarf planet in solar
system Has one moon : Dysnomia Apart from long-period comets
and space probes, Eris and its moon are currently the most distant known objects in the Solar System
Appears grey in colour Show traces of methane
Asteroids Scientists believe
that asteroids are the broken parts of planets and also consider them as planetoids.
100,000 asteroids lie in belt between Mars and Jupiter
Largest asteroids have been given names
Comets Small icy bodies Travel past the Sun Give off gas and
dust as they pass by
