solar street lights using solar tracker and

24
*

Upload: giteshrmhatre

Post on 17-Jul-2015

109 views

Category:

Documents


1 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

*

Page 2: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

*

• OBJECTIVE

• INTRODUCTION

• EXECUTION OF PROJECT

• ADVANTAGE

• DISADVANTAGES

• FUTURE SCOPE

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

REVIEW

IMPLEMENTATION

Page 3: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

*

PROBLEM

Page 4: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

Luminaire

type

Units (MUs) Assumed

wattage

Assumed

hours of

operation

GWh % of Total

(Units)

Incandescent 1.78 70 2920 364 2

Tungsten

halogen

13.34 61 2920 2363 17

Compact

fluorescent

4.97 18 2920 254 6

Light emitting

diode

3.75 15 2920 160 5

High intensity

discharge

19.80 120 3650 8673 26

Efficient high

intensity

discharge

0 96 3650 0

Linear

fluorescent

31.70 52 3650 6017 41

Efficient

linear

fluorescent

1.86 39 3650 265 2

Page 5: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

*

Page 6: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

Direct power lost (%) due to misalignment (angle i )

iLost = 1 -

cos(i)i hours Lost

0° 0% 15° 1 3.40%

1° 0.02% 30° 2 13.40%

3° 0.14% 45° 3 30%

8° 1% 60° 4 >50%

23.4° 8.30% 75° 5 >75%

Page 7: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

*

*Microcontroller (AT89S51) is used to set the timings of

the street lighting panels.

*Solar tracker is constructed using pair of Light

Dependent Resistors (LDR) and permanent magnet dc

motor (PMDC).

*By implementing above proposed system, we can

increase power efficiency and quality of the lighting

level at considerably reduced cost.

Page 8: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

SOLAR TRACKER CAPTURING RAYS OF SUNS

Page 9: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

*[1] REVIEW

Fuel wise energy generation during the year 2011-12, their percent share in the overall generation and growth rate

Coal 584.6 BU (66.7% ); Growth9.2%Lignite 28.1 BU (3.2% ); Growth6.35%Natural Gas 92.3 BU (10.5% );Growth -5.64%Liquid fuel 1.1 BU (0.1% );Growth -57.57%Diesel 2.5 BU (0.3% ); Growth -17.85%Nuclear 32.3 BU (3.7% ); Growth22.86%Hydro 130.4 BU (14.9% );Growth 14.15%Bhutan Import 5.3 BU (0.6% );Growth -5.82%

Page 10: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

MONTHLY COAL STATEMENT OF THERMAL POWER STATIONS FOR JUNE-2011

QUANTITY IN MT

Sr. No. Name of

Thermal power

plant

Coal

requirement

(MT)

Actual Coal

Consumption

(MT)

1. Bhusawal TPS 225 200

2. Chandrapur STPS 1170 1006

3. Khaparkheda

TPS- II

468 416

4. Koradi TPS 416 253

5 Nashik TPS 407 358

6 Parli TPS 500 311

7. Paras TPS 225 202

8. Dahanu TPS 276 229

9. Wardha Warora

TPP

199 200

10. JSW Ratnagiri

TPP

200 242

11. Trombay TPS 250 244

Page 11: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

Battery

Solar panel

LED lighting

panels

MicrocontrollerSolar

tracker

Relay based

voltage switching

Power supply LCD

[2] IMPLEMENTATION

Page 12: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

• Solar panel: A solar panel consists of solar cells that convert

energy of light directly into electricity by photovoltaic

effect.

• Battery: Acts as a storage unit for energy from solar panels,

and a power unit for LED lighting panels.

• Solar tracker: Keeps a track of the trajectory of sun in east-

west direction, increasing the economics of solar panels.

• Power supply: A regulated power supply is used to power

microcontroller, solar tracker and LCD module.

• Microcontroller: Forms the CPU of the system, controlling

solar tracker, timings of lighting panels and LCD module.

Page 13: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

• Relay based voltage switching: A relay circuit used to

switch microcontroller’s low power signal to drive lighting

panels.

• LED based lighting panels: An efficient, low power

consuming lighting solution arranged in 3-phases to

increase efficient and effective street lighting.

• LCD module: Displays real time switching of lighting

panels and solar tracker’s sensor data.

Page 14: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

LDR sensors

Relay based

motor driver

Analog to

Digital

converter

Microcontroller

Power supply

Solar panel

LCDM

Page 15: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

• Sensors: A pair of LDR sensors track the real time position of

the sun in east-west direction.

• Analog-Digital converter: Converts analog sensor data into

digital equivalent for implementation by microcontroller.

• Microcontroller: It implements the solar tracking algorithm

to maximize the gain of the solar panels.

• Relay based motor driver: A relay circuit switches

microcontroller’s tracking signals , to drive the motor on

tracker.

• Motor: A permanent magnet D.C. reduction gear motor, to

keep the solar panels in track with position of the sun.

Page 16: Solar street lights using solar tracker and
Page 17: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

• Solar panels: It is a 36 crystalline silicon cells in series rated

at 17.1V, 300mA, and power rating of 5W.

• Battery: Lead acid battery capable of providing 12V, with

rating of 10.5V, 350mA.

• Microcontroller AT89S51: Low power, high performance

CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 4KB of in-system program

memory and 128 bytes RAM.

• ADC0808: Data acquisition component, with 8-bit ,8-channel

multiplexed analog-digital converter based on successive

approximation conversion technique & compatible with

microprocessor logic.

Page 18: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

• LCD module: A 16×2 alphanumeric LCD unit with 5×8 dots

display.

• Motor: A permanent magnet D.C. series, reduction gear

motor rated at 12V, 200mA, capable of producing high torque

of orders of 78.4 mNm stall torque and rated 24.5 mNm

torque.

• LDR sensors: A pair of 10KΩ light dependant resistors

configured in potential divider bias with 10KΩ potentiometer.

• Power supply: A 230V A.C. mains is stepped down to 12V

D.C. and regulated to 5V D.C. using LM78L05.

Page 19: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

*

LED LIGHTS

•LED exceeds mercury vapor by 31 lm/W

•More Lux Per Watt -more than double that of a mercury vapor street light

•Longer lifetime

SOLAR TRACKER

•Solar trackers generate more electricity due to an increased direct exposure to solar rays.

•Single-axis solar trackers can typically lead to an increase in electricity generation of 20-35%

SOLAR ENERGY

•Practically inexhaustible source of energy

•Non-polluting

•Accessibility of solar power in remote location

•Long lasting solar cells and easy installation

Page 20: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

*

COST

•When the power consumption of street lamps is 60 Watt, it needs 150 - 170 Watt solar panel and 2 units 80 Ah batteries. The cost is near USD 1, 000. If the power consumption is higher, such as 150 Watt, the cost will be a little amazing. However, as traditional HPS street lights, the power consumption is usually 60W, 80W, 150W, 250W or 400W. So, the cost is high in most of cases. Many countries can not accept the cost.

LOCATION

•Areas which remains mostly cloudy and foggy will produce electricity but at a reduced rate and may require more panels to generate enough electricity .

Page 21: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

*Use of ZIGBEE for wireless

communication with the system.

*An entire street lighting system

is retrofitted with a power

conditioning unit, a dimming

mechanism, and supervisory

control and data acquisition

(SCADA) systems.

* Implementing digitally

addressable dimming system

based on CAN bus protocol.

*

Page 22: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

*Dimming and/or telemanagement functions utilized at

dawn, dusk, during fullmoons, provide an additional

savings of 5-10% or more depending on other conditions.

*By implementing above proposed system, we can

increase power efficiency and quality of the lighting level

at considerably reduced cost.

*Conservatively, at a cost of 4 Rs/kWh, these savings

equal around 4,500 Cr or US$900 million annually and

4.5 million tons CO2. The value of the savings is likely

much higher.

*

Page 23: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

*GOI (Government of India) and Ministry of Power, “National awards

on energy conservation for industries, office and BPO buildings, hotels

and hospitals, municipalities, state designed agencies, thermal power

stations, zonal railways, and manufacturers of BEE star labeld

appliances/equipment- 2011.” 14-Dec-2011.

*GOI (Government of India) and Central Electricity Authority, All India

Electricity Statistics (2010-2011), General Review. 2012.

*USAID and B. of E. E. GOI, “Energy Efficient Street Lighting

Guidelines.” Jun-2010.

*GOI (Government of India) and Central Electricity Authority, All India

Electricity Statistics (2004-2005), General Review. 2006.

*GOI (Government of India) and Central Electricity Authority, All India

Electricity Statistics (2008-2009), General Review. 2010 .

*

Page 24: Solar street lights using solar tracker and

ANY QUESTIONS