solar powered led street light with auto intensity control

Solar Powered Led Street Light With

Auto Intensity Control

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Solar Powered Led Street Light with Auto Intensity Control:

Solar Powered Led Street Light with


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Introduction:

Solar energy is nothing but the radiant energy emitted by sun. We may

convert this solar energy into electricity either directly using photo

voltaic (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP) with

the help of lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area

of sunlight.

This solar energy is mainly useful in solar street lights, auto solar

irrigation system, traffic junction signal lighting etc.












Photovoltaic panels are used for charging batteries by converting the

sunlight into electricity. A charge controller circuit is used to control the

charging.

Intensity of street lights is required to be kept high during the peak

hours. The street lights switch ON at the dusk and then switch OFF at

the dawn automatically. The process repeats every day.














Block Diagram:










Components

Solar panel

Lighting fixture

Rechargeable battery

Controller

Pole












Solar Panel:

Solar panel is one of the most important parts of solar street lights, as solar

panel will convert solar energy into electricity.

There Are 2 Types Of Solar Panel:

• Mono-crystalline

• Poly-crystalline.

Conversion rate of mono-crystalline solar panel is much higher than poly-

crystalline.












Lighting Fixture:

LED is usually used as lighting source of modern solar street light, as

the LED will provide much higher lumens with lower energy

consumption.

The energy consumption of led fixture is at least 50% lower than hps

fixture which is widely used as lighting source in traditional street

lights.

Led’s lack of warm up time also allows for use of motion detectors for

additional efficiency gains.












Rechargeable Battery:

Battery will store the electricity from solar panel during the day and provide

energy to the fixture during night.

The life cycle of the battery is very important to the lifetime of the light and the

capacity of the battery will affect the backup days of the lights.

There are usually 2 types of batteries: gel cell deep cycle battery and lead acid

battery.












Controller:

Controller is also very important for solar street light.

A controller will usually decide to switch on /off charging and lighting.

Some modern controllers are programmable so that user can decide the

appropriate chance of charging, lighting and dimming.












Pole:

Strong poles are necessary to all street lights, especially to solar street

lights as there are components mounted on the top of the pole: fixtures,

panels and sometime batteries. And wind resistance should also be

taken into consideration when choosing the pole.














Circuit Diagram:










Circuit Explanation:

The system consists of two circuits – the charge control circuit and the

load intensity control circuit.

The charge control circuit consists of 4 parts - overcharge indication,

over load detection with protection and low battery voltage detection

with indication. For each part one comparator of a quad a comparator

IC LM324 is used.

The load intensity control part consists of the microcontroller which

controls the power supply to the load through the transistor and mosfet

switch so as to vary the intensity of the leds. Here an array of leds is

connected as the load.












Advantages:

Solar street lights are independent of the utility grid. Hence, the

operation costs are minimized.

Solar street lights require much less maintenance compared to

conventional street lights.

Since external wires are eliminated, risk of accidents is minimized.

This is a non-polluting source of electricity.

Separate parts of solar system can be easily carried to the remote areas.












Disadvantages:

Initial investment is higher compared to conventional street lights.

Risk of theft is higher as equipment costs are comparatively higher.

Snow or dust, combined with moisture can accumulate on horizontal

pv-panels and reduce or even stop energy production.

Rechargeable batteries will need to be replaced several times over the

lifetime of the fixtures adding to the total lifetime cost of the light.

The batteries have to be replaced from time to time.












Features:

Most solar panels turn on and turn off automatically by sensing outdoor

light using a light source. Solar streetlights are designed to work

throughout the night. Many can stay lit for more than one night if the

sun is not available for a couple of days.

Older models included lamps that were not fluorescent or led. Solar

lights installed in windy regions are generally equipped with flat panels

to better cope with the winds.

Latest designs use wireless technology and fuzzy control theory for

battery management. The street lights using this technology can operate

as a network with each light having the capability of performing on or

off the network.












Conclusion:

The solar energy is one of the important and major renewable sources of

energy and has also proven it useful in functioning of applications like

street lights.

The charge control is necessary in order to achieve safety and increase

the capacity of the battery. In cities, currently thousands of street lights

are operated and the yearly electricity maintenance cost is very high.

The initial cost and maintenance can be the draw backs of this project.

With the advances in technology and good resource planning the cost of

the project can be cut down and also with the use of good equipment the

maintenance can also be reduced in terms of periodic checks.












Future Scope:

The Solar Powered LED Streetlight With Auto Intensity Control can

control the electric charge and intensity of lights.

This project can be enhanced by using dusk to drawn switch with an

advanced technology to overcome the flows of existing timer based

products and photo sensor based products.











http://www.edgefxkits.com/solar-powered-led-street-light-with-auto-intensity-control

solar powered led street light with auto intensity control

Education

solar energy

solar powered led street

crystalline solar panel

intensity of street

types of solar panel

auto intensity control

solar irrigation system

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