solar power

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2012-13 SOLAR POWER

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solar power

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Page 1: Solar power

2012-13

SOLAR POWER

Page 2: Solar power

1. INTRODUCTION2. CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER3. PARABOLIC TROUGH4. SOLAR POWER TOWER5. STIRLING DISH6. PHOTOVOLTAICS7. PV SYSTEM8. ADVANTAGES9. STORAGE METHODS

CONTENTS

Page 3: Solar power

INTRODUCTION

• Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP).

• Concentrated solar power systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam.

• Photovoltaics convert light into electric current using the photoelectric effect.

Page 4: Solar power

Concentrated Solar Power Concentrating Solar Power systems use

lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam.

The concentrated heat is then used as a heat source for a conventional power plant. A wide range of concentrating technologies exists; the most developed are the parabolic trough , the concentrating linear Fresnel reflector, the Stirling dish and the solar power tower.

Various techniques are used to track the Sun and focus light. In all of these systems a working fluid is heated by the concentrated sunlight, and is then used for power generation or energy storage. Thermal storage efficiently allows up to 24 hour electricity generation.

Page 5: Solar power

Parabolic Trough A parabolic trough consists of a linear parabolic reflector that

concentrates light onto a receiver positioned along the reflector's focal line. The receiver is a tube positioned right above the middle of the parabolic mirror and is filled with a working fluid.

The reflector is made to follow the Sun during the daylight hours by tracking along a single axis. Parabolic trough systems provide the best land-use factor of any solar technology.

Page 6: Solar power

Solar Power Tower A solar power tower uses an array of

tracking reflectors (heliostats) to concentrate light on a central receiver atop a tower . These are more cost effective, offer higher efficiency and better energy storage capability among CSP technologies.

Page 7: Solar power

Stirling Concentrating Dish• The Stirling concentrating dish solar dish

combines a parabolic with a Stirling engine which normally drives an electric generator.

• The advantages of Stirling solar over pv cells are higher efficiency of converting sunlight into electricity & longer lifetime. Parabolic dish systems give the highest efficiency among CSP technologies. The 50 kW Big Dish in Canberra, Australia is an example of this technology.

Page 8: Solar power

Photovoltaics A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell (PV), is a device that

converts light into electric current using the photoelectric effect.

Solar cells produce direct current (DC) power which fluctuates with the sunlight's

. For practical use this usually requires conversion to certain desired voltages or alternating current (AC), through the use of inverters.

Page 9: Solar power

Photovoltaic SystemPhotovoltaic System Multiple solar cells are connected inside modules.

Modules are wired together to form arrays, then tied to an inverter, which produces power at the desired voltage, and for AC, the desired frequency/phase

Many residential systems are connected to the grid wherever available, especially in developed countries with large markets.

In these grid-connected PV systems, use of energy storage is optional. In certain applications such as satellites, lighthouses, or in developing countries, batteries or additional power generators are often added as back-ups. Such stand-alone power systems permit operations at night and at other times of limited sunlight.

Multiple solar cells are connected inside modules. Modules are wired together to form arrays, then tied to an inverter, which produces power at the desired voltage, and for AC, the desired frequency/phase

Many residential systems are connected to the grid wherever available, especially in developed countries with large markets.

In these grid-connected PV systems, use of energy storage is optional. In certain applications such as satellites, lighthouses, or in developing countries, batteries or additional power generators are often added as back-ups. Such stand-alone power systems permit operations at night and at other times of limited sunlight.

Page 10: Solar power

PV modules for domestic purposes

PV Array

Page 11: Solar power

Off Grid PV System

Page 12: Solar power

What type of light is the most effective ?I. There are seven types of lights in

the sunlight :- VIBGYOR • Violet • Indigo • Blue • Green • Yellow• Orange• RedThe solar panel works best in the

red light whereas it works the poorest in violet light and medium in the green light.

Page 13: Solar power

Solar Power-Advantages Solar energy is a completely renewable resource.

Solar cells make absolutely no noise at all. Solar energy creates absolutely no pollution.

Very little maintenance is required to keep solar

cells running. Solar panels and solar lighting may seem quite

expensive when you first purchase it, but in the long run you will find yourself saving quite a great deal of money

Solar powered panels and products are typically extremely easy to install.

As our oil reserves decline, it is important for us to turn to alternative sources for energy.

Page 14: Solar power

CAN WE STORE SOLAR POWER?

Solar energy is not available at night. Storing energy is an important issue in order to get continuous supply of power.

Solar energy can be stored at high temperatures using molten salts. Salts are an effective storage medium as the cost low having specific heat capacity.

Off grid systems use recharges batteries to store excess electricity that can be sent to transmission grid.

Page 15: Solar power

Other applications of solar energy

1. Concentrated solar power

2. Photovoltaic3. Solar vehicles4. Solar heater 5. Solar cooker6. Passive solar

energy7. Satellites and

spacecrafts8. Small appliances

like calculator 9. Remote Sensing10.Emergency

Roadside Telephones

Page 16: Solar power

END

Thank you