soil pollution effects in human

What is Soil..?What is soil pollution..?Soli pollution cause and effects in human

How to prevent…

What is Soil..?What is soil pollution..?Soli pollution cause and effects in human

How to prevent…

SOIL- Soil is dynamic natural body composed of mineral matter and organic matter and living forms in which plant grows.

POLLUTION- An undesirable change in the physical chemical or biological characteristics of air, water or soil.

Provides nutrientsRecycles/filters waterStores waterSoil is the basis of life on Earth…why do you think?

Plants get nutrients from soil and plants provided glucose and oxygen (producers)

The contamination of soil with solid waste, acid rain excess of fertilizers, Insecticides andherbicides is called soil pollution (or land pollution).

1) Agricultural pesticides

2) Disposal of solid wastes on land

3) Mining activities

4) Urbanization

5) Biological agents

6) Radioactive pollutants

7) Heavy metal pollutants

kind of soil pollution kind of soil pollution

Acid Rain is caused by air pollution. The acidic water falls on the soil and pollutes it by making the soil acidic.

Acid RainAcid Rain Acid RainAcid Rain

Comes from homes, cattle sheds, agricultural fields, industries and many other places and get accumulated in the form of heaps. Solid waste include Cow dung; Night soil (Human excreta), fruits and vegetable peels ash ,waste paper, metal objects etc.

Solid WastesSolid Wastes Solid WastesSolid Wastes

The use of excess fertilisers to increase the crop yields makes the soil either acidic or alkaline and pollutes it. For example, excessive use of ammonium sulphate fertilisers makes the soil highly acidic whereas the excessive use of sodium nitrate fertilisers makes the soil highly alkaline.

FertilisersFertilisers FertilisersFertilisers

Insecticides and Herbicides are poisonous chemicals which are used to spray standing crops to prevent them from harmful insects and herbs . These insecticides and herbicides mix with the soil and pollute it.

Insecticides and HerbicidesInsecticides and Herbicides Insecticides and HerbicidesInsecticides and Herbicides

InsecticidesInsecticides

The solid wastes like garbage destroy the natural beauty and become a breeding ground for mosquitoes which spread diseases like malaria and Dengue.Land Pollution caused by acid rain reduce the fertility of soil leading to reduction of crop yields.

Cause of soil pollution

Causes of Soil Pollution

• High levels of radionuclides like nitrogen and phosphorus can be found surrounding farm centers containing high population densities of livestock.

• Pesticides applied to plants can also seep into the ground, leaving lasting effects.

• Heavy metals can arrive in the soil by using polluted water to wet crops and by using mineral fertilizers.

• Industry is to blame for some of the biggest soil-pollution disasters.

• Reduced soil fertility

• Reduced nitrogen fixation

• Increased erodibility

• Larger loss of soil and nutrients

• Deposition of silt in tanks and reservoirs

• Reduced crop yield

• Imbalance in soil fauna and flora

Agricultural effects

Agricultural effects

Industrial effects

• Dangerous chemicals entering underground

water.

• Ecological imbalance.

• Release of pollutant gases.

• Increased salinity.

• Reduced vegetation.

Industrial Effects

Polluted land with dangerous chemicalsSoil pollution due to industrial waste

Urbanization effects

• Clogging of drains

• Inundation of areas

• Public health problems

• Pollution of drinking water sources

• Foul smell and release of gases

• Waste management problems

Urbanization effects

Contamination of soil due to waste water

Some more effects of soil pollution

Process in which certain non-biodegradable substances go on accumulating in the food-chain.

Most common example is of methyl mercury in fish and mercury in eagles.

Not only does bio magnification put the particular species at risk, it puts all the species above and below it at risk, and ultimately affects the food pyramid.

Ecosystem effects

Health consequences from exposure to soil contamination vary greatly depending on pollutant type, pathway of attack and vulnerability of the exposed population.

Health hazards:Direct affect on human health.Contamination of ground water aquifers.Chronic exposure to chromium, lead and other metals, petroleum, solvents, and many pesticide and herbicide can be carcinogenic, can cause congenital disorders.

Health effects

1. Adoption of sustainable agriculture having organic farming and use of biofertilizers, biointegrated pest management and proper water management, composting etc.

2. Adoption of suitable and proper industrial and urban wastes management.

3. Adequate controlled use of heavy metal and toxic substances.

4. Non-biodegradable wastes can be

recycled and used again

3. Biomedical wastes should be carefully

disposed off so that it does not create

any health hazard.

Prevention of Soil PollutionPrevention of Soil Pollution

Landfills Landfills Recycling Recycling

Composting Composting Incineration Incineration Production of

Biogas and Manure

Production of Biogas and Manure

Naturally, prevention is the best cure for soil pollution. Consumers can also make a concerted effort to buy organic foods to demand that chemical pesticides aren't used on their foods.

Most of the solid wastes in urban areas are buried in low-lying areas to level the uneven ground. This is called Landfills.

LandfillsLandfills LandfillsLandfills

It is the method of recovery and processing of Biodegradable wastes or materials after they have been used, which enables them to be used. For example, solid wastes like paper, plastics and metals, etc., are recycled. Industrial wastes are treated in special plants and valuable wastes are recycled.

RecyclingRecycling RecyclingRecycling

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CompostingComposting CompostingComposting In this method, the domestic waste like fruit and vegetable waste, left-over food,

leaves of potted plants etc., can be converted into compost and used as manure.

It means ‘reduction to ashes’. The burning of a substance at high temperature to form ash is called Incineration. It is used to destroy household waste, chemical waste and biological waste. Incineration is carried out in incinerator.

It means ‘reduction to ashes’. The burning of a substance at high temperature to form ash is called Incineration. It is used to destroy household waste, chemical waste and biological waste. Incineration is carried out in incinerator.

Incineration Incineration Incineration Incineration

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In this method Cow dung is fed into biogas plants to produce biogas and obtain manure.

Production of Biogas & Manure Production of Biogas & Manure Production of Biogas & Manure Production of Biogas & Manure

Contour plantingPlant across a hillside

(instead of up and down),slows run off

Strip farmingPlanting alternating crops in

strips across landIn combination with contour

planting, this slows erosion

• Terracing Similar to strip farming Land is shaped…level ridges of land are

created to hold water and soil in place More expensive and time consuming but allows

cultivation on steep grades and increases sustainability (this is how rice is grown in Asia)

• Perennial plant growing Coffee and tea Plants that grow during several seasons Do not have to harvested yearly AND hold soil

longer Ground cover plants (alfalfa) hold and protect

soil from erosion if planted right after initial harvest

"Treat the earth well: it was not given to you by your parents, "Treat the earth well: it was not given to you by your parents, it was loaned to you by your children. We do not inherit the it was loaned to you by your children. We do not inherit the Earth from our Ancestors, we borrow it from our Children."Earth from our Ancestors, we borrow it from our Children."

Ancient Native Indian ProverbAncient Native Indian Proverb

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