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  • 7/22/2019 Soil Definition

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    STRESS AND STRAINSTRESS AND STRAINSTRESS AND STRAINSTRESS AND STRAIN

    StressE!"#$%&!' (# )*+,-,./ $%

    !0(1 &!'$% 234r5e6 3789: *E";$%!*+ str9?@ *$")*

    1=/ str9?@ *. $%+U stress *+K=*J*!/

    K!,+U t4t9F stress !* 2V: !*)* $!J*!/

    WX Y?t4st9t?5 stressZK=K"K / $+ ^F9@e "K"O*! %J!";c OU+";*> +Kb"Kb"Kb!!m !*2se9r?@M:

    (#+/ *>$%m (#+= K* eB4rC9t?4@ ^F9@e 2V: "Kb$%J*!/ n*>" o

    2W: pF9@es 4B S?C^Fe Se9rq *^F9@e +** K=*J+*!*>/ e4F4M] *B9fFt )*+,/ `$"O* 89j?CfC res4Fae se9r stress

    l[ !- ^F9@e !,&!' lW "lg %*> *

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    =**+ $%!,/ $"O* %!";(#+$!'l[ Jlg !- ^F9@e

    $%&!' lW J="K/ $%$"O* (# J="K "O* J!,

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    Tr?9j?9F TestTr?9j?9F TestTr?9j?9F TestTr?9j?9F Test U>U>U>U> 84r u4fF4Cv u?r5Fe84r u4fF4Cv u?r5Fe84r u4fF4Cv u?r5Fe84r u4fF4Cv u?r5Fe *1.$!'*1.$!'*1.$!'*1.$!'1"* B4rCfF9 !*U_!/se9r stre@Mt 9t B9?Ffre 7 5 2s?MC9:t9@ 2^?:**$!b"!/ s?MC9 eBBe5t?ae @4rC9Fstressw ^? Br?5t?4@9F 9@MFew 5 54es?4@ *$!!/ 5 J^? *84r 5?r5Fes*B9?Ffre ""=&!'$%U+$%!,

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    stress 4r 5eFF ^ressfre: "+KJ*!/ T U> st4r9Me 54eBB?5?e@t 2S: *> $"K r9L4L@ *G

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    SYpE *rf@ $!' sF4^e $!b *$!bUs4BtL9re $%!/ ! Me4te5@?59F ^r4vFeCs *$%%*> .b

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    D9Cs Ust9v?F?t] *SF4^es Ust9v?F?t] *Ej59a9t?4@s .Mr4f@ L9ter t9vFe $!

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    e4F4M] O* stf] 4B E9rt "h.'*<

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    Te AttervTe AttervTe AttervTe AtterverM F?C?tserM F?C?tserM F?C?tserM F?C?ts2W: Sr?@z9Me F?C?t Z Te sr?@z9Me F?C?t 2SY: ?s te L9ter 54@te@t Lere Bfrter F4ss 4B C4?stfre L?FF @4t resfFt?@ 9@] C4re a4FfCe ref5t?4@XTe sr?@z9Me F?C?t ?s Cf5 Fess 54CC4@F] fse t9@ te F?f? F?C?t 9@ te ^F9st?5 F?C?tX

    2[: pF9st?5 F?C?t Z Te ^F9st?5 F?C?t 2pY: ?s te L9ter 54@te@t Lere s4?F tr9@s?t?4@s vetLee@ vr?ttFe 9@ ^F9st?5ve9a?4rXIC^4rt9@5e 4B ^F9st?5 F?C?tTe ^F9st?5 F?C?t ?s 9 es5r?^t?4@ 4B 4L 9 s4?F re95ts ?@ ?ts se9r stre@Mt 9s ?ts L9ter54@te@t ?@5re9sesX I@ 54@strf5t?4@ 4B strf5tfres ?t ?s a?t9F t4 9ae t?s z@4LFeMe 9t 9@ 9@ vf?F 9554r?@MF]ve59fse 4B ?tX2g:Y?f? F?C?t ZTe F?f? F?C?t 2YY: ?s te L9ter 54@te@t 9t L?5 9 s4?F 59@Mes Br4C ^F9st?5 t4 F?f? ve9a?4rXpF9st?5?t] ?@ej Z pI 7 YYpF9st?5?t] ?@ej Z pI 7 YYpF9st?5?t] ?@ej Z pI 7 YYpF9st?5?t] ?@ej Z pI 7 YYoooopYpYpYpYTe ^F9st?5?t] ?@ej 2pI: ?s 9 Ce9sfre 4B te ^F9st?5?t] 4B 9 s4?FX

    Te ^F9st?5?t] ?@ej ?s te s?e 4B te r9@Me 4B L9ter 54@te@ts Lere te s4?F ej?v?ts ^F9st?5 ^r4^ert?esXTe pI ?s te ?BBere@5e vetLee@ te F?f? F?C?t 9@ te ^F9st?5 F?C?t 2pI 7 YYopY:XS4?F o ?M pI ooo uYAS4?F o F4Ler pI ooo SIYTS4?F o pI 7 2@4@o^F9st?5: ooo F?ttFe 4r N4 SIYT N4r uYAX o N4@^F9st?52Wo:o SF?MtF] pF9st?52oW: o Y4L ^F9st?5?t]2Wo[:o 8e?fC ^F9st?5?t]

    2[o:o \?M ^F9st?5?t] er] ?M ^F9st?5?t]Y?f??t] ?@ej Z YI72Y?f??t] ?@ej Z YI72Y?f??t] ?@ej Z YI72Y?f??t] ?@ej Z YI72oooopY:2YYpY:2YYpY:2YYpY:2YYoooopY:pY:pY:pY:Te F?f??t] ?@ej 2YI: ?s fse B4r s59F?@M te @9tfr9F L9ter 54@te@t 4B 9 s4?F s9C^Fe t4 te F?C?tsX It 59@ ve59F5fF9te 9s 9 r9t?4 4B ?BBere@5e vetLee@ @9tfr9F L9ter 54@te@tw ^F9st?5 F?C?tw 9@ ^F9st?5?t] ?@ejZ YI72opY:2YYopY: Lere ?s te @9tfr9F L9ter 54@te@tX@r9?@e Se9r Stre@Mt s Te AtterverM F?C?ts@r9?@e Se9r Stre@Mt s Te AtterverM F?C?ts@r9?@e Se9r Stre@Mt s Te AtterverM F?C?ts@r9?@e Se9r Stre@Mt s Te AtterverM F?C?tsTe AtterverM F?C?ts 2Y?f? Y?C?t 9@ pF9st?5 Y?C?t: eB?@e te r9@Me 4B f@r9?@e se9r stre@Mts B4r 9 B?@eo

    Mr9?@e ^F9st?5 s4?FX At ?ts Y?f? Y?C?t 2?XeX Y?f??t] I@ej I Y 7 W:w 9 5F9] 9s uf 9^^r4j?C9teF] ef9F t4 WX zp9X At ?ts pF9st?5 Y?C?t 2?XeX I Y 7 :w 9 5F9] 9s uf 9^^r4j?C9teF] ef9F t4 W zp9X TereB4rew 9^^r4j?C9te est?C9te 4B uf 59@ ve 4vt9?@e v] z@4L?@M te L9ter 54@te@t 4B te s4?FX

    aer54@s4F?9te u4@?t?4@aer54@s4F?9te u4@?t?4@aer54@s4F?9te u4@?t?4@aer54@s4F?9te u4@?t?4@

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    $%4? r9t?4

    aer54@s4F?9t?4@ R9t?4 2uR: ) 5F9] U \?st4r] *%$!*Up9r9Ceter +*

  • 7/22/2019 Soil Definition

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    ! u4@s4F?9t?4@ ^r4^ert?es "K**

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    2[: u4@s4F?9te @r9?@e Test 22uf: wDr9?@e se9r stre@Mt 25^?g6 :*NJ*/ @r9

    ./ A*"K/2g: u4@s4F?9te Dr9?@e Test 2u25g6 w ^?g6 : *NJ*Dr9?@e EF9st?5 84fFfs 2Eg

    Y9ter9F E9rt pressfre 2YEp: 54eBB?5?erest :w 9 2 95t?ae :w ^ 2 ^9ss?ae : *WX u4eBB?5?e@t 4B 9torest e9rt pressfr

  • 7/22/2019 Soil Definition

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    "!U$%$%$%{ Strf5tfr9F Des?M@ !,"

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    Sr9a?t] Ret9?@?@M L9FF "Kb*$"> x- !U>"!U *O$!!U>/ Ret9?@?@ML9FF +* ="!"U>$">"K=!* e@s?t] ) [X ^4f@ ^er 5fv?5 Beet U> 9FF U>$"!,";&!'!"/

    oW 4L@ Br4C t4^ 4B L9FF 7 W j [X Fv5B 7 [X FvsBo 4L@ Br4C t4^ 4B L9FF 7 j [X Fv5B 7 gW[ FvsBo W 4L@ Br4C t4^ 4B L9FF 7 W j [X Fv5B 7 [ FvsB!, +K 2 L9ter : !," ";&!'!/ S4?F *"O*

    U$!";!/ S4?F U> 4r?4@t9F ^ressfre ) aert?59F ^ressfre =!/u4eBB?5?e@t 4B F9ter9F e9rt ^ressfre * )*%,$!!/!" $%S4?F e@s?t] *W ^5Bw *Xg "

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    \4r?4@t9FZ 29M9?@st L9FF:o Wg6 4L@ Br4C t4^ 4B L9FF7Wg6j W Fv5B j g 7 g FvsBo g6 4L@ Br4C t4^ 4B L9FF7 j W Fv5B j g 7 W FvsBo Wg6 4L@ Br4C t4^ 4B L9FF7W j W Fv5B jg 7 gFvsB

    u9@tu9@tu9@tu9@t?Feaer Ret9?@?@M 9FF?Feaer Ret9?@?@M 9FF?Feaer Ret9?@?@M 9FF?Feaer Ret9?@?@M 9FFRe?@B4r5e 54@5rete 59@t?Feaer ret9?@?@M L9FF) *UO!*.*"KU"Kb"Kb!U$%!/ *>" $+2 ~9se : ) S4?F U> F9ter9F F49 *4L@L9r F49 $%t4e c f^L9r F49 $%eeF $! u4@5ret?@M $!b!/

    ~9seCe@t Ret9?@?@M 9FF~9seCe@t Ret9?@?@M 9FF~9seCe@t Ret9?@?@M 9FF~9seCe@t Ret9?@?@M 9FF

    ~9seCe@t ret9?@?@M L9FF "u9@t?Feaer ret9?@?@M L9FF U> %U>O!*$+

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    ~9seCe@t L9FF" Te@s?4@ rev9r 9FF U> "K$!2 395e : "&!' u9@t?Feaer L9FF "Te@s?4@ rev9r) ="" 2 Ret9?@ : =UE9rt U> 'O*1" $%!/~9seCe@t L9FF 344t?@M ) 9FF U> 84Ce@t *$!="!$+"!"SF??@M *=" !!/

    ~9s?5 z@4LFeMe 4B Ret9?@?@M 9~9s?5 z@4LFeMe 4B Ret9?@?@M 9~9s?5 z@4LFeMe 4B Ret9?@?@M 9~9s?5 z@4LFeMe 4B Ret9?@?@M 9FFFFFFFF

    Ret9?@?@M L9FF *D9Cw ~f?F?@M 54@strf5t?4@ U> +uft 9@ u4aer Cet4 U> %,+UUTf@@eF?@M $+U> O"9FF strf5tfre *=!/ >$+O* " F9ter9F e9rt ^ressfre *=" %*>$%!/ 9FF U_1"UF9ter9Fe9rt ^ressfre ) 9@MFe 4B ?@ter@9F Br?5t?4@ c =+=UC9ter?9F 2 s4?F : 54es?ae stre@Mt

    !,"";!/Y9ter9F e9rt ^ressfre ) L9FF U> $"O* FeaeF " 2 er4 : O&!'c $+2 v4tt4C : O'*> $%$%U>"K$! Strf5tfr9F B9?Ffre !/ Re?@B4r5e u4@5rete Des?M@ 4r 9@] 4ter B9?FfreX+Kb!$%uft 9@ u4aer 8et4 U>%,O.** u4@5rete L9FF =";"K!/+*$+'*$!&!' ."%K$!XXf?e 9FFf?e 9FFf?e 9FFf?e 9FFf?e L9FF *?9^r9MC L9FF 54@strf5t?4@ "+" $!b

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    **$!b) ^re59st ^9@eF RXu vF45z teC^4r9r] sf^^4rt $%Kb$!b&!'^^er s4?F F9]er U> st9v?F?t] *=""!!/ D?9^r9MC L9FF %*>reBere@5e F?@e

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    $%84@tC4r?FF4@?te