Name: Razia shahsemester: 3rd

paper :1presented to:

ma’am shagufta

Industrial preparation of carbonated

wateror soft drinks

Introduction: soft drink is also known as club soda, soda water, sparkling water, carbonated water, seltzer water, or fizzy water.

Definition: it is water into which carbon di oxide gas under pressure has been dissolve, a process that cause the water to become effervescent. and the process is called carbonation.

Name history: 1950s the term soda or sparkling water and seltzer water gained favor.The term seltzer is derives from German town “seltzer" which is renowned for its mineral spring.

Early history:in early days water was most obvious source of hydration .but it was contaminated by micro organism. so in 1320 they started boiling and flavoring of water by using different herbs.

Discovery• In 1767 Joseph Priestley invented carbonated

water in Leeds England.• In 1772 Priestley published a paper entitled

impregnating water with fixed air.• In 1771 a chemistry professor Torbern Bergman

invented the process of carbonation.• In 1822 carbonated water was introduced in

Kolkata India.• In 18th century j.j Schweppes started a company

of carbonated water based on the process discovered by Joseph Priestley in Geneva

Joseph Priestley inventor of carbonated water

Soft drink industry in pakistan

• In Pakistan all the famous brands are manufacture here like coca cola ,Pepsi ,fanta,dew etc

• They are licensed by foreign country.• Gourmet ,amrit cola are those brands which

manufactured in Pakistan.

Basic ingredient• Carbon di oxide:• CO2 is the most important ingredient of the

soft drink.• It gives sour taste and when bottle is opened

it give hissing sound.• Its ph ranges from 3.2-3.7 and it has sour

taste • It removes contamination.

Content present in flavored soft drink

• 7up / spirite:• Cane sugar • Sodium citrate• Sodium benzoate• Aspartame• Lemon essence• Citric acid • Bottle water refill• Ace-k

Fanta ,marrinda or taste orange• Cane sugar• Sodium citrate• Sodium benzoate• Stevioside• Potassium sorbate• Citric acid• Bottle water refill• Ace-k

For cola type• Cane sugar• Phosphoric acid• Sodium benzoate• Sodium cyclamate• Caffeine• Citric acid• Whole color full soda• Bottled water refill• Ace-k

Straw berry type• Cane sugar• Sodium citrate • Sodium benzoate• Citric acid• Strawberry essence• Bottle water refill• Ace-k

Litchy type:• Cane sugar • Sodium citrate• Emulsified essence litchi• Citric acid• Sodium benzoate

bottled water refills• Ace-k

Basic constituent of a soft drink

components• Water• Its is a bland carrier for

other ingredient, also provide hydration.

• Sugar• Contribute in sweetness act

as synergists give balance to flavor.

• Fruit juice• Provide fruit source

identity,flavor,and acidity

Typical use level• Up to 98 percent when high

intensity sweetener are used

• 7-12 percent used

• Usually up to 10 percent as a natural strength.

component• High intensity sweetener:• Provide sweetness calorific

reduction synergist action(aspartame, with ace-k)

• Carbon di oxide :• Provides mouth feel and

sparkle drink.• Acids• Contribute sharpness

sourness and back ground to flavor.

• Flavor• Provide flavor character

identity to drink.

Typical use level• Used depend upon sucrose

equivalence.

• 0.3-0.6 percent

• 0.05-0.03 percent

• Artificial and natural identity

• 0.1-0.5 percent

Component Typical use level

• Emulsion• flavor color cloud • Give cloudy effect to drink.ColorNatural or synthesized.PreservativePrevent from microbial attackAnti oxidants Like absorbic acid ,prevent

from oxidation.

• 0.1 percent

• 0-70 ppm

• Statutory limits apply 250 ppm

Less than 100 ppm

Components Typical use level

Quillia extract/saponinsProvide heading foam.HydrocolloidsProvide mouth feel shelf

life stabilityVitamins/mineralsUsed in healthy living

drinks.

• Up to 200 mg/l

0.1-0.2 percent/gmp

ADI applies.

Water purification• Water is main component of a soft drink.• 85-95 percent is used.• For manufacturing treated water is used.

• Requirements• Water should be free from

high levels of element and mineral salts.• Objectionable taste and odour. • Organic material.• It should be clear and color less.• Free from dissolved oxygen • Sterile, that is free from micro organisms.

Manufacturing process

• Washing and cleaning of bottles.• Checking of bottles (if glass bottles)• Preparation of syrup.• Filling of bottles with syrup.• Carbonating of filled bottles.• Quality checking of prepared batch.• Capping process.• Packing and storing.

Hard facts• Scientific studies reveal that 1-1.5 lit of soft drinks a day can rise risk of numerous health problems.

• Tooth decay• Obesity• Effect on kidney• Effect on skin• Effect of bone• Mal nutrition• Effect of caffeine

contain benzene

Are they advantages or disadvantages?

• In 1906 pure food and drug was passed.• 1922 official claimed • There are some points reveal real side

effects of soft drink.• Used to clean blood on road sfter accident.• For cleaning of toilet.• Rust spot cleaning• Cleaning of corrosion from battery

terminals• To remove grease from cloths.• Cleaning of engine.

Thank you