socio-economic impact of boat-based whale watching in south africa
TRANSCRIPT
Summary of South African Boat Based Whale Watching Association Socio-Economic Study
• Began SA in early 1990’s • Legalized and permitted in 1998 • Department of Environmental Affairs administers permits and
polices the industry (Except in KZN) • Represented by the South African Boat–Based Whale Watching
Association (“SABBWWA”) • In 2002-2008 there were 26 possible permits • In 2008-2016 there are 23 possible permits • Seasons:
• Southern Right = July-December (Cape Coast) • Humpback = May-June; October-December (W and E
Coast) • Bryde’s = resident in low densities (Cape Coast)
COMPARATIVE SCENARIO
2002-2008 2008-2016
# of permits 26 23
Operational 18 17
Seat Numbers 385 475
Passengers 26 045 (in 2004) 42 0040 (2015)
Revenue R19,8 Mill R40,5 Mill
Tourism Expenditure R45 Mill R120 Mill
Employment 100 150
% Price Increase/annum ±8 ±10
19 Permit Allocations
BBWW Area Permits allocated 2002-2008
Permits allocated 2008-2016
Western Cape Lambert's Bay Area St. Helena Bay Area Saldanha Bay Area 1 Cape Town Area 1 1 Simonstown Area 1 1 Gordon's Bay Area 2 Overbergstrand Subarea 1 1 1 Overbergstrand Subarea 2 1 1 Overbergstrand Roving Area 3 1 1 Kleinbaai Area 1 1 Struisbaai/Arniston Area 1 Mosselbay Area 1 1 Knysna Area 1 1 Plettenberg Bay Area 2 2 Eastern Cape Port Elizabeth Area 1 1 Woody Cape to Rocky Point Area East London Area 1 Transkei Area Port St Johns Area 1 1 KwaZulu-Natal South Sand Bluff to Margate Area Margate to Scottsburgh Area 1 Durban Area 1 Tugela River to Richards Bay Area 1 St. Lucia to Cape Vidal Area 1 1 Sodwana Bay Area 1
7
0
0
3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
20 - 30%
30 - 40%
40 - 50%
50+%
% OF MARKETING IS SPENT INTERNATIONALLY
Top 5 International Visitors: • Netherlands • Italy • Germany • US • UK
77,8%
55,6% 55,6%
77,8%
66,7%
33,3%
0,0%
10,0%
20,0%
30,0%
40,0%
50,0%
60,0%
70,0%
80,0%
90,0%
BBWW Packages
Series1
R500 - R1000
R1001 - R2000
R3001 +
THE ESTIMATED CLIENT SPEND PER TRIP
a day trip only, 22,2%
2 - 3 days, 55,6%
3 - 4 days, 11,1%
5 days +, 11,1%
Approximate Days a Tourist is Spending in the same Town
5
0 0
4
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
10% - 20% 20% - 30% 30% - 40% 50%+
% OF THE OPERATORS BUSINESS THAT RELIES ON TOUR GROUPS (I.E. GROUP BOOKINGS)
South Africa:16%
Foreign:84%
% of clients are South African vs Foreign
Very important - there are no other
activities or attractions
22%
Important - your business is a large
contributor to bringing tourists to
the area 45%
Not very important - there are other
attractions bringing tourists to this area
33%
The importance of the BBWW operation to the survival of tourism in that specific town/area (i.e. would other businesses
such as Guest houses, hotels, B&B's survive without the operation)
1 - 5 years12%
5 - 10 years0%
10 - 15 years13%
16 years +75%
Years the BBWW business has been operational
Level 3 (110% procurement recognition)
12%
Level 4 (100% procurement recognition)
75%
Level 7 (50% procurement recognition)
13%
Operators BBBEE Status
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Black Women Disabled Youth Living within 50 ams of the
Operator prior to employment
White
Black Women Disabled Youth Living within 50 ams of the
Operator prior to employment
White
Part Time
Full time
Casual
% Annual Salary
Employment through the industry
Black16%
Women18%
Disabled0%
Youth8%
Living within 50 kms of the
Operator prior to employment by the Operator
37%
White21%
% spend on Total annual wages on the following groups
18,5
29,375
0 0
69,16666667
81,375
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Black Women Disabled Youth Living within 50 kms of the
Operator
White
% Operator ownership
Ownership
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
% Turnover on CSI Spend
0,0%
10,0%
20,0%
30,0%
40,0%
50,0%
60,0%
70,0%
80,0%
90,0%
100,0%
None Ad hoc sale of craft and cultural
activities/products
Provision of facilities for sale of craft and cultural activity bookings
etc.
Ad hoc use of service providers
such as accountants,
lawyers, plumbers, builders etc.
Regular use of all of the above
Other (please specify)
Providing new employment opportunities to the local people other than those employed by the Operator
0,0%
10,0%
20,0%
30,0%
40,0%
50,0%
60,0%
70,0%
80,0%
90,0%
100,0%
None Ad hoc purchase of local product
Regular purchase of local product
Operators buying from local communities
12,5%
50,0%
50,0%
12,5%
25,0%
25,0%
0,0% 10,0% 20,0% 30,0% 40,0% 50,0% 60,0%
None
Ad hoc training/skills transfer
Competent on the job training evident
Formal training programmes, but not fully implemented
Fully implemented training/skills transfer programme
Fully implemented training/skills transfer programme with in house
programmes for job promotion
0,00 1,00 2,00 3,00 4,00 5,00 6,00
Political InstabilityRogue/illegal operators
Too much legislationToo li_le legislationToo many operatorsAccess to financing
Fuel increasesDecline in a_raction
Difficult access (bad roads, high cost of flights)Cost and accessing for marketing
Ineffective marketing from local tourism officePollution
Low numbers/sightingsSupporting businesses struggling
Impact of the new Home Affairs biometric
THE CURRENT THREATS TO THE SURVIVAL OF BBWW OPERATIONS
Specific recommendations• DEA and Industrial Recognised Bodies should co-manage
industry • More permits can be issued in Cape Metro, Sunshine Coast
and Maputaland, Agulhas Coast, Hibiscus Coast and Durban • possibly through more than one permit/boat/operator to
reduce competition • Long-term rights benefits • Performance criteria decided in conjunction with industry and
tourism • Data collected by operators should be released annually • DEA should support research on the status of the whales and
impacts of BBWW • Marketing needs to be increased, and industry needs
investment by Tourism Government Bodies
Studies conducted• Boat-Based Whale Watching in South Africa – An
Economic Perspective by Anchor Environmental Consultants, 2005
• Towards an Evaluation of Marine and Coastal Eco-Tourism along the South Africa Coast by EnvironDev, December 2005
• SABBWWA Socio-Economic Development Survey, 2015