SOCIALSTUDIESEOCTTESTREVIEW

ImportantPeople-Events-Concepts

NewFrance

•  Quebec•  Fur•  Fish•  Trade

MercanGlism-Theoryofsetwealthintheworld.Putsemphasisontheneedformoreexportsthanimports

•  Wealthfromthecoloniestothemothercountry

•  Gold•  TriangularOrtrans-AtlanGctrade

POWHATAN

•  NATIVEAMERICANLEADER,FRIENDand

•  ENEMYOFTHESETTLERSOFVIRGINIA

•  Virginiaprospered–tobacco

•  JamestowncolonywasestablishedtomakeaProfit

NATHANIELBACON

•  —LEDREBELLIONOFPOOR

VIRGINIANSWHOWANTEDLANDANDPROTECTIONFROMINDIANS

Bacon’sRebellion

Dutch

•  NewAmsterdam•  Trade•  HudsonRiver•  BecomesNewYorkConqueredByGB

•  NYC-Intheearly1800’sTheErieCanalwillconnectNYC(AtlanGc)totheGreatLakes

Pennsylvania

•  WilliamPenn•  Quakers•  Verytolerantofothers

MiddlePassage

•  AfricatotheNewWorld•  SlavestoNorthAmerica•  AcrosstheAtlanGc•  Deadlyjourney

GreatAwakening

•  Religiousrevival•  Returntopu_nganimportanceonReligion

Puritanchurcheslosingmembers

•  Half-wayCovenant•  MakesitlessstringenttoBecomeachurchmemberAllowedchildrentobecome“parGal”members

ProclamaGonof1763

•  StoppedcolonistsfromcrossingtheAppalachianMountains

•  AeerFr/IndWar•  AgreementbetweenGBAndNaGveAmericansItAngeredColonists!!

THOMASPAINE

•  ENLIGHTENMENT•  -WROTETHEPAMPHLET

COMMONSENSE–•  PERSUADEDCOLONISTS

TOBREAKAWAYFROMGreatBritain

•  AiackedKingGeorgeIII

JohnLocke

•  Socialcontracttheory•  Naturalrights(life,liberty,andproperty)•  CiGzenshavetherighttoreplaceagovernmentthatisabusive

THOMASJEFFERSON

•  GETSIDEASFROMSOCIALCONTRACT-THEORY(JohnLocke)

•  WROTEDEC.OFIND.•  COMMITTEESOF

CORRESPONDENCE•  3RDPRESIDENT•  LOUIS.PURCHASE

BENJAMINFRANKLIN•  AMERICANDIPLOMATTO

FRANCEDURINGAMERICANREVOLUTIONAFTERSARATOGAhe

convincedFrancetoassist•  “RENAISSANCE”MAN•  ENLIGHTENMENT•  SOCIALMOBILITY

MARQUISDELAFAYETTE•  FRENCHMILITARYGENERAL

HELPEDCOLONISTINAMERICANREVOLUTION

•  VALLEYFORGE•  Washingtonand

LaFayeietrainedColonialsoldiersduringharshwinter

GENERALLORDCORNWALLIS

•  BRITISHGENERAL•  SURRENDEREDTO

G.WASHINGTONATYORKTOWN

•  BriGshweresurroundedbyFrenchNavybyseaandColonialandFrenchTroopsbyland

•  TreatyofParis1783EndsRevoluGonaryWar

ArGclesofConfederaGon

•  ARTICLESOFCONFEDERATION(GovtduringandaeerRevWar)

Couldn’ttaxorcontroltrade

(weaknaGonalgovernment)

SHAYSREBELLION•  FARMER(DANIELSHAYS-

LEDREBELLIONAGAINSTMASSACHUSETTSGOVERNMENTOVERTAXES

•  DROUGHTS•  FARMERSCOULDN’TPAY

MORTGAGEANDWERELOSINGFARMS

•  Mass.MiliGaputdownrebellion,butotherstatesweren’taspowerful

FEDERALISTSWantedastrongNaGonal

Government•  Supportedthe

ConsGtuGon•  AlexanderHamilton•  LeadingFederalist•  AUTHOROFFEDERALIST

PAPERS(PersuasiveessaystryingtogainsupportfortheConsAtuAon)

JAMESMADISON

•  FATHEROFCONSTITUTION

AnGFederalists

•  AnG–FederalistsfearedastrongFederalGovernmentanddemandedtheBillofRights

•  BillofRights-1st10amendmentstoconsGtuGon(Guaranteedpersonalfreedoms)

USConsGtuGon

•  3/5’sCompromise-Slaverycompromise5slaves=3people

•  GreatCompromise-RepresentaGonoflargestates(VirginiaPlan)basedonpopulaGonandsmallstates(NewJerseyPlan)-1state1vote– Developedabicameral(2house)legislature(Senate2perstate–HouseofRepsbasedonpopulaGon)

GeorgeWashington

•  FirstPresidentundernewGovernment•  Served2terms(setprecedent)unGlFDR•  WarnedagainstpoliGcalparGesandforeignalliances

JOHNADAMS

•  2NDPRESIDENT•  DIPLOMAT•  NON-INTERVENTIONInEuropeanWars(FrenchandBriGsh)

LouisianaPurchase&LEWISANDCLARK

•  ThomasJefferson(3rdpresident)purchasedlandfromFrance(Napoleon)for$15million

•  DoubledsizeofUSA•  LEWISANDCLARK

EXPLOREDNEWTERRITORY(LOUISIANATOPACIFICOCEAN)

•  EXAMPLEOFMAINFESTDESTINY(OurGodgivenrighttotakeoverallwestwardterritory)

Warof1812-USv.GB

•  Causes•  TraderestricGons•  Blockade•  Impressment(ForcingUSciGzenstobecomeBriGshsoldiers)

•  BriGshIncitementofNaGveAmericans

•  Landhunger

•  Results(USAWins!!)•  Pride•  NaGonalism

JAMESMONROE

•  MONROEDOCTRINE-WARNSEUROPEANPOWERSTOSTAYOUTOFWESTERNHEMISPHERE

•  NOMOREEUROPEANCOLONIESALLOWEDWHERETHEYDON’TALREADYEXIST

ELIWHITNEY

•  COTTONGIN•  INTERCHANGEABLE

PARTS(Rifle)•  Increaseincoion

producGon(increaseinslavery)

ManifestDesGny

•  ItwasourGodgivenrighttomovewest.

•  Expandterritory•  Spreadthegospel•  Weweresuperior–  Indians

ELIZABETHCADYSTANTON

•  ORGANIZEDSENECAFALLSCONVENTION1848

•  WOMEN’SSUFFRAGE•  BeginningofWomen’s

Right’sMovement

ANDREWJACKSON

•  COMMONMAN—JACKSONIANDEMOCRACY

•  SUFFRAGE—MOREPEOPLEWEREABLETOVOTE(LieedpropertyrestricGons)

•  IndianRemovalacts–  Trailoftears

ExpansionConflicts

•  MissouriCompromise-1820– Missouri-SlaveMaine-FreeMasonDixonline

•  Compromiseof1850– Calif.Free–PopularsovereigntyinWest– FugiGveslaveact

•  Kansas-NebraskaAct– Popularsovereignty– “BleedingKansas”CrazyJohnBrown

NatTurner•  HeledaslaverebellionthattookplaceinVirginia1831.

•  theSouthpassednewlaws

WILLIAMLLOYDGARRISON

•  WHITEABOLITIONIST•  NEWSPAPER-“THE

LIBERATOR”

FREDERICKDOUGLAS

•  FORMERSLAVE•  ABOLITIONIST–GAVE

SPEECHES

JOHNC.CALHOUN-SouthCarolina

•  NullificaGon-ofFed.Laws•  Believedstronglyin

slaveryandstate’srights•  Tariff1832

DAVIDWILMOT(PROVISO)

•  WILMOTPROVISO-•  NOSLAVERYIN

TERRITORYTHATWEOBTAINEDFROMMEXICO–(Mex.AmericanWar)

DREDSCOTT

•  SLAVE-UNSUCCESSFULLYSUEDFORHISFREEDOM

•  SupremeCourtProtectedslaveryundertheConsGtuGon

•  territorycouldnotdenyslavery-MadeMissouriCompromiseillegal

JOHNBROWN

•  CRAZYWHITEABOLITIONIST

•  WANTEDTOLEADASLAVEREBELLIONINHARPERSFERRY.SeizedtheFederalArsenal.

•  RobertELeeCaughthimandhewasexecuted

ABRAHAMLINCOLN•  PRES.OFUS-1860•  UNION-MOREINDUSTRY(RR)•  GoalwastoHOLDTHEUNION

TOGETHER•  GETTYSBURGADDRESS-2nd

INAUGURALADDRESS–saidnottoletthemenwhodiedtodieinVain

•  ANTIETAM-BloodiestsingledayofbaileinCivilWar

•  EMANCIPATIONPROCLAMATION-“Freed”slavesintheConfederacy

SuspensionofHabeasCorpus

•  DuringtheCivilWar,LincolnsuspendedmanyrightsandliberGesinordertosupportthewareffort

ULYSSESS.GRANT

•  COMMANDEROFUNIONARMY(CIVIL.WAR)

•  VICKSBURGHERO•  ACCEPTEDSURRENDER

OFLEE

ROBERTE.LEE

•  GENERALOFCSA(CIVILWAR)

•  DEFEATEDATGETTYSBURG

•  SURRENDEREDTOGRANTATAPPOMATTOX

T.“STONEWALL“JACKSON

•  LEE’S2NDINCOMMAND•  BULLRUNHERO•  DIEDAT

CHANCELLORSVILLEBATTLE

WILLIAMSHERMAN

•  MARCHTOTHESEA•  BURNEDDOWNATLANTA•  DESTROYED

TRANSPORTATION(R.R.)

JEFFERSONDAVIS

•  PRESIDENTOFCONFEDERACY

KeyCivilWarBailes

•  Ge#ysburg-– NorthandSouthfoughtinPennsylvania

– RobertELeeandtheSouthweredefeated

– HighcasualGes– Turningpoint

•  Vicksburg-–  FoughtalongtheMississippiRiver

– GrantandtheNorthwerevictorious

–  SuccessfullydividedtheSouth

Ba#leofAtlanta–  ShermanwonBaileandmarchedtothesea

ANDREWJOHNSON

•  IMPEACHED-B/COFVIOLATINGTHE“TENUREOFOFFICEACT”

•  OPPOSEDTHERADICALREPUBLICANS

•  ReconstrucGon

Amendments

•  13thAmendment(FreedSlaves)•  14thAmendment(GaveCiGzenship)•  15thAmendment(VoGngRights)

Si_ngBull

•  Siouxleader•  GhostDance•  WoundedKnee•  Si_ngBullandManySiouxkilled

IndustrialGrowthLate1800’s

•  Steel(Carnegie)-Railroads•  NewimmigrantsSouthern-EasternEurope•  EllisIsland(NYC)•  Urbangrowth

ThomasAlvaEdison

•  “WizardofMenloPark”•  Inventor•  LightBulb•  Electricityonagrid•  Phonograph

JOHND.ROCKEFELLER

•  STANDARDOIL•  TRUST•  LEDTOMONOPOLY

–  Controlsallaspectofamarket

SAMUELGOMPERS•  AMER.FED.OFLABOR•  UNIONforskilledwhite

workers•  Strikes_______________________•  PullmanStrike-

EugeneDebsGovernment(President)

getsinvolvedtomakesuremailgetsdelivered

EUGENEDEBS

•  LeaderoftheSocialistParty

•  ProtestedduringWWI•  VIOLATEDTHE

ESPIONAGEACT•  LedthePullmanStrike-

RR-Wages

UPTONSINCLAIR

•  WROTE“THEJUNGLE”•  MUCKRAKERS•  EXPOSEDHORRORSOF

MEATPACKINGINDUSTRY

•  FDA

IDATARBELL

•  Muckraker–HelpedbreakuptheStandardOilTrust

SpanishAmericanWar

ImperialismCubaRemembertheMainePhilippinesUS-WorldPower

THEODOREROOSEVELT•  ProgressivePresident•  TrustBuster•  HeroSpanishAm.War•  PanamaCanal•  ConservaGon-NaGonal

parks•  RooseveltCorollary-US

wouldinterveneinLaGnAmerica

USNeutralityandUnrestrictedSubmarineWarfareinWWI

•  MostAmericansagreedthatweneededtoremainNEUTRALandnotgetinvolvedina“EuropeanConflict”

•  UnrestrictedSubmarineWarfarebyGermany….wasthemaincauseofUSinvolvementinWWI

WOODROWWILSON1916-Sloganwas“HeKeptusoutofWar”

•  PRESWWI•  14POINTS-fourteenpoints

forpeaceaeerWWI•  LEAGUEOFNATIONS-his

14thpt.AnAlliancegrouptomakesureWarneverhappenedagain

•  WorldadoptsLON•  USAdoesnotadopt

becausetheydidn’twanttobeGedinto“entanglingalliances”

AMENDMENTS

•  18TH•  MadeproducGon,sale,

anddistribuGonofalcoholillegal

•  PassedbychurchesandImmigrantwomenwhowerege_ngbeatenbydrunkenhusbands

•  19th•  GaveWomentherighttovote

•  AeerWWI-becauseoftheassistancewomengaveduringthewareffort

WagnerAct1935

•  Madeitillegalforbusinessownerstopreventpeoplefromjoiningaunion

•  Broughtbackindustrialunionism

•  CollecGvebargaining

RedScare-ImmigraGonRestricGon

•  1917RussianRevoluGonledbyLeninbringsCommunismtoRussia

•  AsanaGon,wehadanintensefearandhatredofCommunism

•  WelimitedimmigraGontopreventCommunistsintheUSA

HENRYFORD

•  ASSEMBLYLINE•  MASSPRODUCTION•  MODELT•  Madetheautomobile

affordableforthemiddleclass

RadioandMovies

•  Entertainment•  CommunicaGon

LOUISARMSTRONG

•  REVOLUTIONIZEDJAZZMUSIC“IMPROVISED”

LANGSTONHUGHES

•  POETOFHARLEMRENAISSANCE1920’S

•  CREATIVITY•  Oeendescribed

hardshipsofAfricanAmericans

•  Readpoetrytomusicoftheera(Jazz)

•  IrvingBerlinsongwriteratTinPanAlley

HERBERTHOOVER

•  PRESIDENTWHENGREATDEPRESSIONSTARTED(BLAMEDFORIT)

•  HOOVERVILLES

CausesoftheGreatDepression

•  1)OverproducGon•  2)UnderConsumpGon•  3)StockmarketspeculaGon

•  Stockmarketcrashedwhenpricesdroppedandeveryonesoldtheirsharesandpulledtheirmoneyoutofthebanks

•  DustBowl-landoverworkedanddroughtcausedtopsoiltoblowoffduringstorms

FRANKLIND.ROOSEVELT

•  PRES.DURINGTHEGREATDEP.ANDWWII•  NewDeal-GreatDepressionprograms(TVA,CCC,AAA,SocialSecurity)

EleanorRoosevelt

•  WorkedforHumanRights--reform•  HelpedstarttheUnitedNaGons•  SocialAcGvist

CourtPackingScheme

•  FDRsaiempttoaddSupremeCourtJusGcestoprotecthisNewDealprograms.ItmetopposiGonandwasnotallowed

NeutralityActs•  UnderFDRinthe1930s,aseriesoflawstokeepusoutofWWII-makingitillegaltolendmoney,orassistanynaGonatwar

AiackonPearlHarbor

•  AiackedbyJapanonDec.7,1941…Adatewhichwillremainininfamy

•  JapanwantedtotakeoutourNavalfleetinthePacificinHawaii

JapaneseInternment

•  AeerPearlHarborandourInvolvementinWWII,Japanese–AmericanswereroundedupinthewesternstatesandputintointernmentCamps

Midway•  TurningpointBaileinthePacific•  TookoutkeyJapaneseAircraeCarriers•  RetaliaGonforPearlHarbor(6monthsaeer)

D-Day---InvasionofNormandy•  Largestland,air,seainvasioninHistory•  AlliesinvadedGermanforcesinNormandy,FranceonJune6,1944

•  LedtotheliberaGonofFrancewithover1milliontroopsgoingthroughthebeachesofNormandy

LosAlamos/AtomicBomb•  ManhaianProjectwastheDevelopmentoftheAtomicBomb

•  CreatedandTestedatLosAlamos,NewMexico

•  TheprojectwasledbyRobertOppenheimer

G.MARSHALL(PLAN)

•  AidtoRebuildEuropeaeerWWII

•  Billionsof$$$•  FightCommunism

HARRYS.TRUMAN

•  INTEGRATIONOFMILITARY1948

•  PRES.OFU.S.–DROPPEDTHEA-BOMB

JOSEPHMCCARTHY

•  REDSCARE•  VIOLATIONOFRIGHTS•  ACCUSEDGOVT.

OFFICALSANDOTHERSOFBEINGCOMMUNIST

•  HewenttoofarwhenheaccusedtheArmy.SenatehearingsfollowedandtheyfoundthattheaccusaGonshadnomerit

DwightD.Eisenhower

•  CommanderD-Day•  June6,1944•  AlliedinvasionofNormandy,FranceinWWII

•  Pres.•  InterstateHighwayActwhichallowedpeopletomovetosuburbs(Leviiown)

•  Sputnik(Spacerace)•  RedScare

CivilRights

•  “JimCrow”•  SegregaGonMadeConsGtuGonalByPlessyv.Ferguson•  NAACP•  Klan

Civilrights#2•  MLK•  Ihaveadreamspeech-

WashingtonD.C.1963-InsupportoftheCivilRightsAct)

•  LeierfromaBirminghamJail-SupporGngnon-violentprotest

RACHELCARSON

•  WROTE“SILENTSPRING”•  1962

ENVIRONMENTALIST•  LEDTOBANNINGOF

SOMEPESTICIDES•  DDT–killingbabyeagles

TheWarrenSupremeCourt

•  Socialchange•  Brownv.Board-1954De-SegregatedSchools•  Mirandav.Arizona-1977RightsreadtotheAccused

VoGngRightsAct1965

•  BannedLiteracyTestsandPolltaxes•  MadeiteasierforAfricanAmericanstovote

JFKAssassinaGon1963

•  HewasTHECivilRightsPresident.KilledinDallasbyLeeHarveyOswald

•  HisassassinaGonledtothepassageofthe1964CivilRightsAct

LyndonB.Johnson•  “GreatSociety”socialplayormwhichincludedaWarOnPoverty

•  MedicarelongestlasGngcomponentoftheGreatSociety

•  VietnamWar-JohnsonblamedforescalaGonoftheWar“Hey,hey,LBJ…Howmanykidsdidyoukilltoday?!!”

•  TetOffensive-MajorturningpointinVietnamMajorOffensivebyVietcongonVietnameseNewYearshowedthattheenemywasnotclosetosurrender.TurnedAmericansagainstWar

1968•  MLKassassinatedbyJamesEarlRay(Memphis)•  RobertFKennedyassassinatedbySirhanSirhaninCalifornia

•  Violence,Riots,andprotestsattheChicagoDemocraGcConvenGon……caughtonTV!

•  ProtestoftheVietnamWar•  “TheWholeWorldisWatching!!!”

CivilRightsOrganizaGons

•  SCLC-SouthernChrisGanLeadershipConference foundedbyMLK(Nonviolent)

SNCC-StudentNonviolentCoordinaGngCommiiee playedamajorpartinthesitinsandFreedomRidesoftheEra.(MoreViolent)

AnGVietnamMovement

•  AsWarescalates,theAnGwarprotestsheatup– KentSt– AeerTetOffensive–  In1972aeerAmericafindsoutaboutBombingraidsinCambodia

– MyLai

SupremeCourtDecisions

•  RoevWade–MakesaborGonLEGAL– VeryControversal

•  Californiav.Bakke–allowsAffirmaGveAcGon–  Jobs/enrollmentbasedonrace/gender– Percentages/quotas

Nixon•  ConservaGve-LessGovernment-lowtaxes•  Watergate-Pres.NixoncoveredupabreakinattheDemocraGcNaGonalOffice,gotcaughtandresignedfromoffice

•  OpenedupcommunicaGonbetweentheUSandCommunistChina

JimmyCarter•  CampDavidAccords-peacebetweenEgypt-Israel-MiddleEast

•  IranianHostageCrisis-IrantakesUShostagesfromUSEmbassyinTehran.Keepsfornearly200days

RonaldReagan•  Reaganomics-Lowtaxes,protectwealthybusinessownerswhowillprovidejobsandsGmulatetheeconomy…..”trickledowneconomics”(ConservaGvePolicy)

•  Iran-ContraScandal-ArmsforHostagesReagandeniedknowledgeCollapseofUSSR-Theycouldn’taffordtokeepupwithArmsRace

BillClinton•  Impeached

•  Perjury-lyingaboutLewinskyaffair•  NAFTA-NorthAmericaFreeTradeAgreement– LessensrestricGonsbetweenUSA,Canada,andMexico

2000’s

•  DisputedelecGonof2000-Floridavotes– ClosestelecGonever

•  WaronTerrorism-Afghanistan/Iraq– OsamabinLaden,alQaeda

•  GWBush-2003invasionofIraq-weaponsofmassdestrucGon(SaadamHusein)