social and community physical activity interventions ephe 348
Post on 19-Dec-2015
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Social and Community Physical Activity
InterventionsEPHE 348
Nature of Social Support
Complex– Term was not even used 25 years ago– Social connections and support seems to be
hard wired Possible ingredients
– Information– Emotion– Context– Instrumental
What is Social Support then?
Laireiter and Baumann (1992):– Integration with family life, community, and access to support
systems
– Network of social resources
– Climate of the social relations
– Reciprocity of social relations
– Perception of support
Support Appraisal
Attachment (emotion) Social integration (network) Opportunity for nurturance (your assistance) Reassurance of worth (esteem) Reliable alliance (tangible aid) Guidance (information)
Social Support & PA Social Cognition
SS and intentions are related (medium effect)
Not the same as subjective norm or cohesion (small to medium relationships)
Highly related to self-efficacy and attitudes
SS & PA
Related (medium effect)
Rhodes (2001) review of all SS and PA studies - 48/49 identified the importance of SS as a Correlate
Kahn et al. (2002) showed limited utility used as a sole intervention
Community Interventions
Premise that entire communities can be targeted for behaviour change
Often include a number of delivery agents (institution, organization, group)
Community?
Aggregate of people who share values and infrastructure
Communities also make pragmatic sense for intervention:– Organized for dissemination (structure and
purpose)– Identity
Schools
Standard site for PA – PE
PE classes getting shorter and less frequent Avenues for improvement:
– Increase PA in PE– Increase extracurricular– Increase in-class activity (AS! BC)
Action Zones
Annual Planning Tools For Schools For Teachers
Action Zone Action Ideas! Menu of Physical Activity Best
Practices Action Pages!
AS! BC Program Components
Action Bins (classroom resource)
Technical Support (School Liaison facilitator)
This differed depending on condition
AS! BC Program Components
Work Site Interventions
Workplace wellness & PA:– Fitness & productivity– Reduced illness– Wide dissemination possibilities
Dishman et al. (1998) meta-analysis showed minimal effect
Health Care Settings
Simons-Morton et al. (1998) review:
– Primary prevention = some short-term changes but generally minimal effect
– Secondary prevention = mixed
Community/Policy Interventions
Legislation – formal legal structures Policy – formal guidelines
Based on smoking, these approaches may be very useful in PA intervention
Health promotion vs. health fascism?
Mass Media Interventions
Almost all developed countries have initiated campaigns– Increased awareness– Intention and behaviour change have not been
successful