social action and social work
TRANSCRIPT
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SOCIAL ACTION AND SOCIALWORK
AN OVERVIEW
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INTRODUCING SOCIAL ACTION
MARY RICHMOND WAS THE FIRST SOCIALWORKER TO USE THE WORD SOCIAL ACTIONIN 1922.
SOCIOLOGICAL MEANING: IT REFERS TO AN
INDIVIDUALS SOCIAL BEHAVIOR WHICH ISINTENDED TO INFLUENCE THE ACTIONS OFONE OR MORE PERSONS.
SOCIAL WORK MEANING: IT IS AGROUP/COLLECTIVE/ORGANISED EFFORT TO
CHANGE SOCIAL AND ECONOMICCONDITIONS.
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Social Action Is Not An Alien Concept To India, EvenThough Its Origin Is Attributed To The West. TheHistory Of Social Action In This Country DatesBack To Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries WhenReformers Fought Against The Evils Of Sati, ChildMarriage, Widowhood Practices For Women And TheDevadasi System. Mahatma Gandhi With HisPrinciple Of Non-violence Used Social Action ToRaise The Status Of Women And Dalits AndBrought About Fundamental Changes In SocialRelationships In India. This Legacy Still ContinuesAs Various Contemporary, Voluntary And ProfessionalGroups Are Joining Hands To Oppose, Or PromotePublic Policies And Programs Affecting The CommonPeople Of Late, Social Welfare Discipline In IndiaRealized That It Cant Make any Dent In The Field OfMass Poverty. Social Action Was Thus Conceived As AMethod Of Social Work When The Inadequacy OfWelfare Measures Led To The Need Of SocialReform In The Beginning Of The Present Century InThe West And Around The 1960s In India.
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SOCIAL ACTION MEANING AND
DEFINITIONS The term social means interaction of individuals
in society, mutual relations of men or classes;it also includes political economic, cultural andethical aspects. Used as a prefix to action, itcarries the connotation of a collectivity and anorganization working to achieve an end.
The element of spontaneity and consciousness isparticularly stressed by the term social.
DEFINITIONS:
MARY RICHMOND (1922) :Social action is massbetterment through propaganda and social
legislation; a method of bringing about a changein the social environment of the clients.
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MV MOORTHY: Social action is a series ofendeavors concerned with awakening the people
to see, as well as to foresee their own problems
and attack them through the swift course ofcombined action or legislative enactment.
G.A.A. BRITTO (1980): Social action is the methodof social work which is used for/ with /by any unit
of society larger than the sociologically defined
communities.
TRESSIE ARANHA (1984): Social action is a type ofsocial work intervention, where the change agent
system(individual/group/organization) acts on behalf
of the client system, to redress the injustice it issuffering, by seeking through a legitimate authority to
bring about change in the social structures that are
causing injustice.
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OBJECTIVES AND GOALS OF SOCIAL
ACTIONThe objectives of social action is the proper shaping anddevelopment of socio cultural environment in which a
richer and fuller life may be possible for all the citizens.Following goals of social action has been identified :
Prevention of Changes considered as negative.
Solution of mass problem.
Improvement in mass conditions. Influencing institutions, politics and practice.
Introduction of new mechanism or programmes.
Redistribution of power and resources (human,material, moral).
Decision making. Effect on thought and action structure and
Improvement in health, education and welfare.
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PRINCIPLES OF SOCIAL ACTION
Activeness of group or community.
Democratic working.
Democratic leadership.
Arrangement of resources.
Co-ordination between problem andresources.
Co-operation.
Public opinion.
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ELEMENTSOFSOCIALACTION
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SKILLS INVOLVED IN SOCIAL ACTION
The skills needed by the social workers forsocial action are no different from the general
skills; professional social worker uses theseskills by combining the ethics and principle ofprofessional social work. However the socialworker using social action as a method of socialwork requires certain skills; the more importantamong these are briefly below:
Relational skills.
Analytical and research skills.
Intervention skills.
Managerial skills.
Community skills.
Training skills
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RELATIONALSKILLS
The social worker should have skills forbuilding rapport with individual and groups andskills for maintaining these relations. He/sheshould be able to develop and maintain
professional relationship the clients. The socialworker should have the ability to identify theleadership qualities among the clientele andshould be skillful to harness these qualities for
social actions.
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ANALYTICALANDRESEARCHSKILLS
The social worker should have the ability toobjectively study the socio-cultural andeconomic characteristic of the community.He/she should be able to find out the pressing
problems and needs of the clientele. He/sheshould be able to analyses the social problems,the factor contributing to the social problemsand its ramifications on the social, economic.
Political, ideology, cultural, ecological aspectsof life. Also should be able to conduct researchand understand the impact of research studiesin a functional sense.
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INTERVENTIONSKILLS
Intervention skills: After need identification, thesocial worker should have the ability to help theclientele chalk out practical interventionstrategies to deal with the problem. The social
worker should provide various options to theclientele. Social action may requireconfrontation with authorities.
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MANAGERIALSKILLS
The social worker also needs the knowledgeand ability to handle organization, which may bethe outcome of the institutionalization ofpeoples participation. He /she should be able to
coordinate and collaborate with various groupsand local leaders so as to unite the clientele forthe require intervention.
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COMMUNITYSKILLS
These skills are highly crucial for social action.The social worker should have the ability todevelop effective public relations with localorganization and leaders. He/she should be
effectively able to communicate verbally and inwriting as well. The social worker should haveskills to educate, facilitate, negotiate andpersuade for necessary actions at needed
place.
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TRAININGSKILLS
The social worker should be able to train localleader and identified leaders for taking up thecharge of mass mobilization and confrontationwith the authorities. He/she should be able to
train selected people at the local level aimed atimparting knowledge about the social issuestaken up for action and modalities of carryingout the intervention including the confrontation
process.
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STRATEGIES OF SOCIAL ACTION
Strategy in term of social action means to
organize strike. Boycott, persuade, negotiate,bargain, etc. There is hardly any consensus onthe strategies that are possible and available,which can form the core of social actionpractice. However, three main strategiesindentified by Lees are:
Collaboration.
Competition, Bargaining, Negotiation,Advocacy.
Disruption, and confrontation
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PARTIALLISTOFSOCIALACTIONMOVEMENTSIN
INDIA
Chipko movement
Save Silent Valley
Narmada Bachao Andolan Anna Hazare's Movement Against Corruption
Baba Ramdev's black money movement
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Thus we can say, Social action can be viewed by
professional social workers as a means forimproving mass conditions , enhancing social
welfare, solving mass problems , influencing
basic social conditions and policies out of which
arise the problems of social adjustment and
maladjustment; and changing the environment.
Social action is an individual, group or
community effort within the framework of social
work philosophy and practices those aims to
achieve social progress, to modify socialpolicies, and to improve social legislation and
health and welfare services.
CONCLUSION
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Presented By Group-V
Okram Victoria, Roll no.39
Parijat Bhattacharjee, Roll no.40Pomi Patikar, Roll no.41
Priyanka Das, Roll no.42
Rahul Chanda, Roll no.43
Rajalal Barman, Roll no.44Rajashree Roy, Roll no.45
Rajiv Chanda, Roll no.46
Ringsawmile Newme, Roll no.47
Prepared By Rajashree Roy
Department of Social Work,
Assam University, Silchar