XIV INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE

MEXICAN HYDROGEN SOCIETY CANCUN 2014

By:

J. M. Sandoval Cancino, I. Domínguez Ibarvo, D. E. Pacheco Catalán, Y. Verde-Goméz, J. L. Durán Gómez

ContentIntroduction

Methodology

Converter description

Results and discussions

Conclusions

IntroductionHybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES)

Intermittency Issues

Energy Storage Systems (ESS)

Batteries

Supercapacitors (SC)

Fuel Cells(FC)

Compressed Air

Interconnection via Integrated Bi-directional FlybackConverter (IBFBC)

Hybrid Renewable Energy System

Wind

Turbine

Photovoltaic

module

DC-DC DC-DC

+24Vdc Bus

DC-DC

DC Load

Energy

management

DC Load DC-AC

AC Load

127Vac

BatteriesSupercapacitor stack

IBFBC

Figure 1. Schematic of the proposed Integrated Bi-directional Flyback

Converter topology

MethodologyDescription of proposed converter

Topology:

Bi-directional Flyback converter

Initial Data:

Vd= +24Vdc (DC Bus Voltage)

Vo= +48Vdc (Supercapacitor Maximum Voltage)

Emax= 2.48 Wh/kg (Supercapacitor Maximum Energy)

SCcap=165F

Methodology: Converter description

Transformer

N1=N2=63

Lm=2.63mH

S1 and S2 Duty Cycle (d):

d1=67%

d2=33%

Switching Frecuency:

20000Hz

Methodology: Description of proposed convert

Duty-cycle for S1 and S2 switches:

Voltage in S1 and S2 IGBT switches:

Voltage in Diodes D1 and D2:

Methodology: Converter description

Interconnection strategy

Source24V DC

BusIBFBC Supercapacitor module

Energy Management

Figure 2. Integrated Bi-directional Flyback Converter charge operation (+24Vcd-+48Vcd) D2 and S1wave forms simulation in

PSIM™

Results

0

40

80

Vdiodo 2

0

4

8

Idiodo 2

0

40

80

Vsw1

0.19465 0.1947 0.19475 0.1948 0.19485 0.1949

Time (s)

0

10

Isw 1

Vo

ltag

e(V

)V

olt

age

(V)

Cu

rren

t(A

)C

urr

ent

(A)

Figure 3. Integrated Bi-directional Flyback Converter discharge operation

(+48Vdc-+24Vdc) D1 and S2 wave forms simulation in PSIM™

Results

0

40

Vdiodo1

01

2

3Idiodo 1

0

40

80

Vsw 2

0.2796 0.27965 0.2797 0.27975

Time (s)

0

2.5

Isw 2

Vo

ltag

e(V

)V

olt

age

(V)

Cu

rren

t(A

)C

urr

ent

(A)

Results

Figure 5. S1 voltage (blue), S1 current (cyan), D2 current (pink) and 63%

Pulse Width Modulation signal (green) during charge operation.

Figure 4. 33% Pulse Width Modulation signal (blue), D1 current (cyan), S2 current (pink) and S2 voltage (green) during discharge

operation.

Results

Figure 6. Supercapacitor module 0Vdc - +48Vdc charge via the

Integrated Bidirectional Flyback Converter graphic

Results

Time (s)

Vo

ltag

e(V

)

Figure 7. +24Vdc output vs +48Vdc input control voltage response

50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 32 30

10

15

20

25

Ou

tpu

t vo

lta

ge

(V

)

Input voltage (V)

Output voltage

Results

ConclusionsThe IBFBC is a simple bidirectional topology that

requires few components reducing costs an energy losses.

This Converter can be used to charge and discharge a

supercapacitor module with a single device.

The IBFBC becomes unstable after 13V (27%) drop in

supercapacitor terminals, and hence cannot reach deep

discharge cycles.

Further enhancements are required for better performances

and full topology potential.

AcknowledgmentsCONACYT FOMIX Qroo-2011-001-174895, under Grant BS123CONACYT No. 280955.

CICY for the movility economical support granted

SMH for the conference scholarship

Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C.

Instituto Tecnológico de Chihuahua

Instituto Tecnológico de Cancun

Dr. Ysmael Verde Gómez

M.C. Enrique Escobedo

M.C. Isaias Dominguez Ivarbo