smarter, greener learning: findings from the susteit project
DESCRIPTION
Presentation by Professor Peter James for JISC RSC London's Smarter Greener Learning event held at City Hall, London, 26/02/09TRANSCRIPT
BENEFITTINGFROM GREEN IT
– FINDINGS FROM THESUSTEIT PROJECT
Professor Peter Jameswww.susteit.org.uk
THE CASE FOR CHANGE• Sticks
- Energy and other costs- Regulations
• Carrots- financial and operational benefits- teaching and research
• Reputation
• Stakeholder requirements
ICT BENEFITS – SMART 2020• Environmental
- Cut global CO2 emissions in 2020 by 15%, with $946 billion of cost savings- Avoid c 5 tonnes of CO2 emissions through applications for every tonne created by production, use & disposal of equipment
• Social- e.g. access; overcoming disability
4
AVE MARIA UNIVERSITY
IntrusionDetection
Fire AlarmSystemPower System
ElevatorMgmt.
LightingControls
HVACControl
EvacuationManagement
SecurityUsers
BuildingMaintenance Users
Access Control(security system)
CampusSecurity
ENERGY & CARBON FOOTPRINT
• Downloadable tool – www.susteit.org.uk
• Default assumptions … or your own data
• University of Sheffield- 19% of non-domestic electricity- £1 million + bills in 2009- PCs higher than expected- Data centres/networks lower than expected
FOOTPRINTING RESULTSUniversity of Sheffield
University of Sheffield (ex HPC)
Lowestoft College
City College Norwich
Total Electricity (kWh)
8,680,806 (100%) 7,472,188 (100%) 453,714 (100%) 1,241,700 (100%)
PCs and monitors
4,164,477 (48%) 4,164,477 (56%) 197,402 (44%) 510,896 (41%)
Servers 1,520,736 (18%) 1,520,736 (20%) 135,999 (30%) 226,665 (18%)
HPC 1,208,617 (14%) 0 0 0
Imaging 835,659 (10%) 835,659 (11%) 42,171 (9%) 236,901 (19%)
Networks 687,362 (8%) 687,362 (9%) 68,538 (15%) 156,629 (13%)
AV/Telephony 3% 4% 3% 8%
A LARGE ICT FOOTPRINT
• 2% of global CO2 emissions
• ICT in UK FE 2008- 708,000 PCs- 23,000 servers- 98,000 networked printers- £54m electricity bill- £12 per student- 244,000t of carbon dioxide
325,000 Coal-Powered Computers
A LARGE FOOTPRINT
Materials
Manufacture
Transport
UseDisposal
KEY LIFE CYCLE QUESTIONS• Can we ever get a complete picture?
- HP 1.5 million tonnes CO2 eq direct- 4.5 million tonnes from Tier 1 suppliers
• What balance of impacts across the life cycle? e.g. production:use energy - Williams/UN University 4:1- EU Commission study 1:4
• How can we influence upstream impacts?
DATA CENTRE END USE
Server Load/ComputingOperations
Cooling Equipment
Power Conversions
& Distribution100
Units
33 UnitsDelivered
35 Units
Source: US EPA
CARDIFF UNIVERSITY
• Low power servers
• Chilled water cooling
• Efficient layout
• Efficient UPS
• 30% support overhead
ACTION PLAN - MANAGEMENT• Calculate energy consumption
- formulate action plan and targets
• Set up a cross-functional team
• Calculate total cost of ownership- energy prices; refresh cycles; support costs
• Energy-related financial incentives for IT- paying energy bills for server rooms?
ACTION PLAN - DESKTOP• Power down computers when not in use
- network software; PC settings
• Ensure all non-managed computers are powered down when not in use
• Make 5 year refresh cycles the norm- justify exceptions by evidence and sign off
• Specify Energy Star 4 (soon 5) for all purchases
• Dispose of old equipment responsibly
ACTION PLAN - PRINTING• Audit paper consumption
- set targets- measure/monitor consumption
• Power down printers outside office hours
• Encourage paper-efficient printing- draft mode- double sided
ACTION PLAN - INFRASTRUCTURE• Follow the EU Code of Conduct for all
significant data centre investment
• Take simple measures to minimise cold/air mixing in server rooms- e.g. containment; blanking plates
• Consolidate servers- switch off unused ones
MEDIUM TERM MEASURES• Metering/monitoring key areas of consumption
• Full implementation of EU Code of Conduct- power supply; virtualisation; free cooling
• Maximum use of thin client where effective
• Effective document and print management
• Minimising storage
• Increasing videoconferencing
• Flexible working
QUEEN MARGARET UNIVERSITY
• Wanted greenest building in UK
• PCs main barrier
• 98% thin client
• 25-30% space savings
THE FUTURE• Less energy and material intensive desktops
- cloud computing- medium client- e-readers and ‘total content’
• Zero carbon data centres
• Pay as you go computing
• Intelligent campus- from computer to building maintenance?
Server Load/ComputingOperations
Cooling Equipment
Power Conversion & Distribution
AlternativeEnergy Supply
High voltage distributionUse of DC powerHighly efficient UPS systemsEfficient redundancy strategies
Power efficiency & managementLoad managementConsolidation/Virtualisation
Better air managementFree/efficient coolingEfficient liquid coolingFlexibility and control
On-site renewablesWaste heat for coolingFuel cellsThermal storage
ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURESAdapted from US EPA original