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Smart Metering Smart Metering & &

Potential Impacts to Potential Impacts to Revenue Protection Revenue Protection

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Source: www.fresnobee.com

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A Very Smart Meter on Saving Energy:

Another way you can save money on electricity is not to use all your outlets.

If you use only half of them, you'll cut your bill in half. You can save the most by plugging everything into outlet strips and extension cords, all plugged into one outlet.

Preferably, that one outlet belongs to

your neighbor.

Source Joe Fusion.com

History of Meter ReadingHistory of Meter Reading

Manual data entry◦ Manual reading

Digital semi-automated data entry◦ Person with optical probe and hand-held computer

Automated meter reading and automated data entry◦ Power line carrier; telephone or cable modems for

AMR - Automated Meter Reading◦ Drive-by reading and RF/Satellite transfer◦ RF, wireless and satellite for AMR◦ LANs, WANs, Internet, Intranets

Display with web based energy information systems

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History of Meter ReadingHistory of Meter Reading

m eter reader

drive-by m eterreading

Utility

data entry

Satellite

billing system

O ptica l probe w /hand-heldcom puter

Radio tower

Modem

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History of Electric Data Metering History of Electric Data Metering Kilowatt hours

◦ kWh with monthly readKilowatt hours and kilowatt peak demand

◦ kWh, peak kW with monthly readTime of use added with multi-function

electronic meters and monthly read Interval AMR metering

◦ kW, kWh, kVA, kVAR, PF, PQM, on-peak, off-peak, shoulder peaks

◦ 5 minute, 15 minute, 30 minute, 60 minute intervals

◦ Real time data for Real Time Pricing

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History of Other Data MeteringHistory of Other Data MeteringGas

◦ CCF, therms, million Btu (energy)◦ CCF/h, therms/h, million Btu/h (power)◦ seasonal, time of use

Chilled water◦ tons, therms/h, million Btu/h (power)◦ ton-h, million Btu (energy)◦ seasonal, time of use

Steam◦ lbs, million Btu (energy)◦ lbs/h, million Btu/h (power)◦ seasonal, time of use

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Water and Sewer MeteringWater and Sewer Metering

Potable water◦ gallons◦ gallons/h◦ seasonal, time of day

Sewer◦ gallons, fraction of water use◦ gallons/h◦ seasonal, time of day◦ inverted block rates

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Metering TechnologiesMetering TechnologiesElectromechanical- Induction Meter

◦ All electromechanical kilowatt-hour meters have a rotating disk in them. The disk's rotational speed is proportional to the amount of electricity consumed

◦ Accuracy is typically in the +/- 2% range◦ Registers are fixed and calibration is done

mechanically◦ Older measuring technology with a large

existing installed base◦ Becoming phased out in many utilities but

globally still the most common for single phase installations

◦ All but obsolete for new three phase installations

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Solid State MeteringSolid State Metering

• Solid State Meters - now account for over approximately 80-90% of the polyphase meters produced in the U.S.A. Originally introduced for special, low volume application in the early 1980’s, solid state meters are now used for everything from non demand kWh to kVA demand meters.

• Electronics are important to metering:◦ Increased Meter Accuracy◦ Increased Meter Adaptability◦ Potentially Lower Initial Costs◦ Potentially Increased Reliability◦ Potentially Lower Operating Costs

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Smart MetersSmart MetersInitially it was used to only

describe a meter which could collect energy measurements on an interval basis

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Smart Meter definition now Smart Meter definition now includes:includes:Still includes interval measurementReal time pricing supportRemote disconnectRemote connectionTwo way communication with equipment within

a homeGPS locationOutage notificationVoltage detectionTamper detectionChange customers rates (system)Change billing plans (system)

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Potential Issues for RPPotential Issues for RPRP issues will still reside with what

we are starting to see more of – the actual tampering of the electronic meter

Many new RP issues will come from the systems supporting the new definitions of the smart meter. How do we get the data from the Meter?

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How to get the data from the How to get the data from the metermeter

AMR, Fixed Network AMR, Power Line Carrier, Telephone

Neighborhood area communications◦ RF mesh network◦ RF point to point network

Private, Cellular◦ Power line carrier

Low speed, Narrow band (NPL), Broadband (BPL), Ex - LonWorks

◦ IP Based WAN RF home network (HAN)

◦ RF home, Ex - ZigBee◦ Power line carrier

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Automated Meter ReadingAutomated Meter Reading(Graphic Courtesy Accenture)(Graphic Courtesy Accenture)

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Example of Fixed NetworkExample of Fixed Network

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Another Fixed Network Another Fixed Network (WAN)(WAN)

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Source: Kinects.com

Potential Issues for RPPotential Issues for RPRemote connectionTwo way communication with equipment

within a homeManipulation of rate changes against

tariffManipulation of approved billing plansInterfering or manipulating the

communication between the meter and collection system

Security of the system due to open protocols and aggressive deployment

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What do the ANSI Standards What do the ANSI Standards Actually Say in Simple TermsActually Say in Simple Terms

C12.18◦ How do I get in via the optical port?

C12.19◦ Once inside, where will I find things and

what do they mean?

C12.21◦ How do I get in via telephone?

C12.22 (in development)◦ How do I adjust my methods for

network communications?

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Modem

X

Radio towerSlide: Courtesy of Association of Energy Engineers, www.aeecenter.org

Benefits of ANSI Protocol MetersBenefits of ANSI Protocol Meters

Open standard

Common industry data structures

Common industry “vocabulary”

Software standardization

More options

Simplified Interfaces

Faster implementation

Lower operation costs

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Smart meter (electric) Smart meter (electric) deploymentdeploymentAs a baseline - in 2008 there were 1.698 billion

electric meters installed globally.

32 (18 of these in Europe) of 184 countries covered are proceeding with some level of smart meter deployment.

Italy – Enel SpA – the largest utility in Italy has completely deployed smart meters to over 27 million customers.

United Kingdom – Goal is to have all smart meters in homes by 2020.

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Jamaica – Funding their entire J$6B ($65M US) investment to smart meters based upon stopping loss of electric revenue.

By 2015, 45% of all meters installed in the United States and Europe will be Smart Meters. The US has approx 147.4 million electric consumers.

Globally: As of July 2009, 83M smart meters have installed with a projection of 212M installed by 2014.

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Mitigating RP issues with Mitigating RP issues with smart meterssmart metersStay KnowledgeableStay Flexible – our industry is

changingStay Connected and Informed

What we are doing today in RP will be drastically different than what we

will doing in the future, please keep an open mind to change !!!!!!!!

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Even with OGE’s method for keeping customers out of the meter base……

…………Those end users that want to tamper/steal/or game with the system will still provide many opportunities for our industry……

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If you would like a copy of this presentation – Please contact either

Gary Signorelli – President IURPAGary.signorelli@pgnmail.com

Susan Reinhardt – President SURPASusan.reinhardt@pgnmail.com

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ResourcesResourceswww.absenenergyresearch.comwww.pikeresearch.comwww.ieso.cawww.jamaica-gleaner.comEchelonCenterPoint EnergyEdison Electric Institute

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AcronymsAcronymsAMR – Automated meter readingMMR – Mobile meter readingAMI – Advanced metering

infrastructure

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AMR System ComponentsAMR System Components

AMR Data Collection Systems

Large high volume systems for Residential & small Commercial◦ Walk-by RF and hand-held systems◦ Drive-by RF systems◦ Fixed network systems (Itron /CellNet /Hexagram

/Nexus /carrier, etc.)

Public network systems for advanced metering needs (Large Commercial, Industrial, and Network applications)◦ Telephone / Cellular / Motient / Skytel / Cingular

Interactive◦ Itron MV-90 has been the common data collector

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AMR Data Server Systems Provide a common central Database for all

meter data Reduce system integration Simplify data publishing

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