Smart Grid&

Integration of

Renewable Energy Resources

The Smart Grid is a combination of hardware, management and reporting software, built atop an intelligent communications infrastructure.

In the world of the Smart Grid, consumers and utility companies alike have tools to manage, monitor and respond to energy issues.

The flow of electricity from utility to consumer becomes a two-way conversation, saving consumers money, energy, delivering more transparency in terms of end-user use, and reducing carbon emissions.

What is Smart Grid ?

Modernization of the electricity delivery system so that it monitors, protects and automatically optimizes the operation of its interconnected elements – from the central and distributed generator through the high-voltage network and distribution system, to industrial users and building automation systems, to energy storage installations and to end-use consumers and their thermostats, electric vehicles, appliances and other household devices.

The Smart Grid in large, sits at the intersection of Energy, IT and Telecommunication Technologies.

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What is Smart Grid ?

Pillars of Smart Grid

Transmission Optimization

Demand Side Management

Distribution Optimization

Asset Optimization

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Need for development of Smart Grid having

features like-

Phasor Measurement Technique

Wide Area Measurement (WAM)

Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS)

Adoptive Islanding

Self healing Grids

Probabilistic and Dynamic Stability Assessment

Distributed and autonomous Control6

Technology Integration & Grid Management

Time synchronized sub-second data

Dynamic behavior observing

Directly provides the phase angles

(State Estimation to State Measurement)

Improve post disturbance assessment

High data rates and low latency due to

computation

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Benefits of PMU

LD&C_SCADA

Network modelState Estimator

SCADA Telemetry

V KV

P MW

Q MVAR

Hz Hz

~

Open

Close

Close

Close

SCADA Telemetr

y

Several Seconds to a Minute

milli secs

to sec STATE

MEASUREMENT

STATE ESTIMATIO

N

• Traditionally developed for accommodating old information technology regime (Slow communication, data without time stamp)

• Made possible for all round development in technologies

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SCADA Vs PMU

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Overview of Smart Grid

Transmission

Distribution

System Operations

•Advance Metering

Infrastructures

•Asset Management etc.

•Asset Management

•HVDC and UHVAC etc.

•Self Healing Grids

•WAMS

•Adaptive Islanding etc.

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Smart Grid in Power Sector

Smart Grid

in

Distribution

Smart Grid in Distribution

Distribution Automization

Demand Optimaization - Selective Load Control

Operation –Islanding of Micro-grids

Distribution Automization/Optimization

Managing Distribution Network Model

Outage management and AMI Integration

DMS & Advanced Switching Applications

Integrated Voltage / VAR Control

Demand Optimization

Demand Response – Utility

Demand Response – Consumer

Demand Response Management System

In Home Technology enabling

Demand Optimization Smart Metering –

Automatic, Time of Use, Consumer Communication & Load Control

Communications : Automated Metering Infrastructure (AMI) – LAN, WAN, HAN

DRMS (Demand Response Management)

In Home enabling technology– Demand in three category:

• Immediate, Deferrable, Storable– Customer aggregation & De-aggregation required for

Peak shifting

Demand Optimization: Advanced Web Portal

Energy Usage Information

Utility Communication

Consumer Enrollment in DR programs

In Home Technology- Availability & Purchase ,

Device Provisioning

Control Center with Service Oriented Architecture (BUS)

Having – GIS (geo-spatial Information Systems), – AMI, – SAP (ERP), – OMS (Outage management System), – DMS (Distribution Management System), – EMS (Energy Management System), – DRMS (Demand Response management System).

Model manager synchronizes GIS data with OMS, DMS & EMS.

Expectation of Technology & Solution Partners

To associate and collaborate with Smart Grid players in other parts of globe

Develop local expertise to manufacture and provide support services

Development of CIM

Application Development in India Power Sector Context.

Why Smart Grid?

Integrate isolated technologies : Smart Grid enables better energy management.

Proactive management of electrical network during emergency situations.

Better demand supply / demand response management.

Better power quality Reduce carbon emissions. Increasing demand for energy : requires more

complex and critical solution with better energy management

Drivers of Smart Grid

Increasing demand: High Aggregate Technical & Non Technical, Losses:18%-

62% Ageing assets…transformers, feeders etc., Grid to carry more power: Need for, Reliability and greater

Security Billing and collections: Profitability of distribution

companies Energy mix: Need for Renewable to reduce carbon footprint

Implementation leads to …..

Deliver sustainable energy Increased efficiency Empower consumers Improve reliability Smart Grid

New Technologies for…..

Energy Storage to support a Resilient Smart Grid (Comparing & evaluating cost competitiveness of:

Compressed air, pumped hydro, ultra capacitors, flywheels, battery tech, fuel cells.)

Smart Grid & Electric Vehicle Integration(How can electric Vehicle optimize the use of renewable energy resources, improve efficiency)

Wind Generation Potential in

INDIA

Wind Speed: 6.0 m/s

Wind Speed: 6.4 m/s

Wind Speed: 7.0 m/s

Wind Speed: 7.5 m/s

Wind Speed: 8.0m/s

The wind power potential on a national level, base data collected from 10 states considering only 1% of land availability, is around 46,092 MW.

Wind Power Potential

Estimated Wind Power Potential India

State Gross Potential (MW)

Andhra Pradesh 9063

Gujrat 7362

Karnatka 7161

Kerala 1026

Madhya Pradesh 4978

Maharashtra 4519

Orissa 1520

Rajasthan 6672

Tamil nadu 4159

West Bengal 32

Total 46092

Map showing the solar radiation across India

Solar Power Potential

If tropical India were to convert just 1% of the 5,000 trillion kilowatt-hour of solar radiation (or, simply, sunlight) it receives a year into energy, the country will have enough to meet its energy needs.

In most parts of India, clear sunny weather is experienced 250 to 300 days a year. The annual global radiation varies from 1600 to 2200 kWh/sq.m. The equivalent energy potential is about 6,000 million GWh of energy per year.

The highest annual global radiation is received in Rajasthan and northern Gujarat.

Challenges Faced by Smart Grid

Present Infrastructure is inadequate and requires augmentation to support the growth of Smart Grids.

Most renewable resources are intermittent and can not be relied on (in its present form)for secure energy supply

Regulatory Policies to deal with consequences of Smart Grid; like off peak, peak tariffs and other related matters.

Grid Operation : Monitoring & control

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POWERGRID’s Initiative towards Smart Grid

Pilot Project in Northern Region

Intelligent Monitoring & Control of the Interconnected Electric Power Grid Using Wide Area Measurements (WAM) for Western Region

NR Pilot ProjectPMUs (Phasor Measurement Units ) with GPS system to

be installed at four substations of Northern Region and PDC

at NRLDC, Delhi.

(PMU Locations: Moga- 400 KV, Kanpur- 400 KV S/s,

Vindhyachal- HVDC, Dadri- HVDC )

To use Phasor Measurements data for better situational awareness and technology evaluation using minimal hardware & software

Use of existing fibre communication link

Project implementation plan: 4 Month from date of award

Status of Project

The Project is awarded to M/s SEL on

11/01/10

The completion is likely by May’2010

Intelligent Monitoring & Control of the Interconnected Electric Power Grid Using

Wide Area Measurements (WAMs) for Western Region

Intelligent Monitoring & Control of WR Electric Power Grid Using Wide Area Measurements (WAMs)

The Project is approved by CSIR & Funded by CSIR (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) under New Millennium India Technology Leadership Initiative (NMITLI)

Along with POWERGRID other members of the consortium are:-– TCS-Leader– IIT Mumbai– Tata Power Company Limited (Tata Power)

Wide Area Measurements (WAM) Project Highlights

Project Duration – 3 Years– Implementation Completion 2 Years and

testing in last one year.

Integration of Renewables Net Zero – Energy / Water / Waste Green Community – Self Sufficient & Reliant Judicial Mix of various Technologies and Options for

different use– Use or Supply– Draw or Store– Storage Options

Type of Use– Heating /Cooling– Illumination / Ventilation– Machine Operations– Appliance Powering ( Computers / Printers / Copiers /

Faxes)– Domestic Appliances

Integration of Renewables Chioce of Current

– AC or Dc– AC – DC– DC – AC– DC – DC

Switches and Disconnectors Availability of Domestic DC Appliances - Power

Packs Connectivity to Grid – Size of Plant, Distance to

Consumers Control Strategy and Methodology – availability

of softwares