DEPARTMENT OF EEE, SAINTGITS 1

SMART GRID-SMART TRANSFORMERS

Guided by, Presented by, Smitha S.D Angel James S7, EEE

Roll No: 7

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CONTENTS

•Introduction•Smart Grid•Comparison•Components of Smart Grid•Smart Transformer•Ancillary services , devices & protection•Results•Merits and Demerits•Application•Conclusion

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INTRODUCTION

Increase in power demand and the inefficiency of the current distribution system paves way for Smart grids.

Power electronics & ICT are the proposed tools to improve the reliability and stability of the system.

A smart transformer is the most important component in a smart grid.

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WHAT IS A SMART GRID?

An electric grid that uses ICT and PE Uses smart devices and components. Two way interaction system. Relays information to central monitoring

systems.

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COMPARISON.EXISTING GRID

Electromechanical

One way communication

Few sensors

Manual monitoring

Manual restoration

Few customer choices

SMART GRID

oDigital

oTwo way communication

oSensors throughout

oSelf monitoring

oSelf healing

oMany customer choices

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COMPONENTS OF SMART GRID

Smart transformer Smart meter,Smart power application Information transfer Distributed generation Power electronic devices and protection Current and voltage sensors Communication modems

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SMART POWER APPLICATION

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THE SMART TRANSFORMER AN SST WITH CONTROL & COMMUNICATION

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Integral part of the smart grid Through a process known as voltage

optimization, a smart transformer provides the exact amount of power that is needed, and responds instantly to fluctuations within the power grid, acting as a voltage regulator to ensure that the optimized voltage is undisturbed.

Reduce power consumption and provides stable and optimal power supply(ideal voltages for devices causing longer lifespan)

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SMART TRANSFORMER

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SERVICES,DEVICES &PROTECTION

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Works with unit pf

Harmonic compensation

Avoid reverse power flow condition by frequency control

Offers services to LV ac/dc microgrid , MV grid(dc)

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DEVICES and PROTECTION

UPS Remote Terminal Unit Communication modem SC indicators Current and voltage sensors Remote operating mechanisms MV,DC/DC,LV converters

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STAGES

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STAGE ONE

Three phase ac/dc rectifier regulates high voltage dc bus

It produce low distortion grid current

DC voltage regulation

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STAGE 2 Consists of DAB-dual active bridge-a high

frequency transformer

DAB gives: Electrical isolation

High reliability

Ease of realization

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STAGE 3

DC AC Converter is used to convert the DC voltage into desirable ac voltage.

Therefore an ST can achieve the voltage transformation

by medium to high frequency isolation therefore to potentially reduce the volume and weight of it compared to the traditional transformer

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RESULT

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MERITSSMART GRID IMPROVES EXISTING ELECTRICAL

INFRASTRUCTURE

reliability, efficiency, economic distributed generation smart meters

• DEVELOPMENT OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND MARKETS.

household management power management app regenerative power power account

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DEMERITS

ST has to compete with proven technology-the traditional transformer in terms of cost,efficiency,reliability.

Need for active thermal control for semiconductor devices

Cannot be mass produced in the short term

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CONCLUSION

The idea of smart grid technology was introduced

The impact , benefits and challenges of using smart transformer as the heart of smart grid was discussed.

The idea can be implemented only after the proper plan and preparation to enable the hardwares and services to aid the ST.

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REFERENCES [1] THE SMART TRANSFORMER-impact on

electric and technology challenges:MacroLiserre,Giampaolo Buticchi

-IEEE industrial electronics magazine. [2] Designing Of A Smart Transformer-

Gurjant Singh, Dr. Inderpreet Kaur: International journal of technology enhancements and emerging engineering research, vol 3, issue 06 62 issn 2347-4289

[3] Intelligent Transformer Substations for Future-Proof Power Distribution- www.siemens.com/transformersubstations

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