SMART EXHIBITION BY USING NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION (NFC)

MUHAMMAD AUDI AUFA BIN SALLEHUDDIN

UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

MUHAMMAD AUDI AUFA B. SALLEHUDDIN S.M.KEJ ELEKTRONIK (ELEK INDUSTRI) 2014 UTeM

FKEKK.PSM.0.4

UNIVERSTI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRONIK DAN KEJURUTERAAN

KOMPUTER

BORANG PENGESAHAN PENERIMAAN LAPORAN PSM II

Nama Pelajar MUHAMMAD AUDI AUFA BIN SALLEHUDDIN

No Matrik B 0 2 1 0 1 0 3 2 2

Kursus 4 B E N E

Tajuk Projek SMART EXHIBITION BY USING NFC (NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION)

Saya mengesahkan penerimaan perkara-perkara berikut daripada pelajar seperti yang tercatat di atas:

2 Laporan PSM II Berjilid

1 Cakera Padat Laporan Akhir

Hasil Projek (sekiranya berkenaan)

…………………………………………………… ( Tandatangan JKPSM )

Nama & Cop : ………………………………………. Tarikh : ……………………………...

Nota: Bahagian maklumat pelajar mesti ditaip kemas.

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UNIVERSTI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRONIK DAN KEJURUTERAAN KOMPUTER

BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS LAPORAN

PROJEK SARJANA MUDA II

Tajuk Projek : SMART EXHIBITION BY USING NFC SYTEM Sesi Pengajian : 1 3 / 1 4

Saya MUHAMMAD AUDI AUFA BIN SALLEHUDDIN (HURUF BESAR) mengaku membenarkan Laporan Projek Sarjana Muda ini disimpan di Perpustakaan dengan syarat-syarat kegunaan seperti berikut:

1. Laporan adalah hakmilik Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka.

2. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja.

3. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan laporan ini sebagai bahan pertukaran antara institusi

pengajian tinggi.

4. Sila tandakan ( √ ) :

SULIT* *(Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan atau kepentingan Malaysia seperti yang termaktub di dalam AKTA RAHSIA RASMI 1972)

TERHAD** **(Mengandungi maklumat terhad yang telah ditentukan oleh organisasi/badan di mana penyelidikan dijalankan)

TIDAK TERHAD

Disahkan oleh:

__________________________ ___________________________________ (TANDATANGAN PENULIS) (COP DAN TANDATANGAN PENYELIA)

Tarikh: ……………………….. Tarikh: ………………………..

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SMART EXHIBITION BY USING NFC

(NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION)

MUHAMMAD AUDI AUFA BIN SALLEHUDDIN

This report is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of

Bachelor of Electronic Engineering (Industrial Electronics) with Honours.

Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering

Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

JULY 2013

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iii

“I hereby declare that this report is the results of my own work except for quotes as

cited in the reference.”

Signature : _______________________________

Author : MUHAMMAD AUDI AUFA BIN SALLEHUDDIN

Date : _______________________________

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“I hereby declare that I have read this report and in my opinion this report is

sufficient in terms of the scope and quality for the award of Bachelor of Electronic

Engineering (Industrial Electronics) with Honors”

Signature : _____________________________

Author : ENGR. FATIMAH BINTI SULAIMAN

Date : _____________________________

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Firstly, I would like to thanks Almighty Allah for His blessing and His power for me

to complete this thesis and my final year project that is SMART EXHIBITION BY

USING NFC SYSTEM.

I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Encik Harris Bin

Misran and Engr. Fatimah Binti Sulaiman for his guidance and patience in finishing

my report of degree project.

I would also like to express my gratefulness to my parent Sallehuddin Bin Jaffri and

Asiah Binti Omar. Furthermore, thank to my sibling. They were always supporting

me an encouraging me with their best wishes. Last but not least, my sincere

appreciation also extend to all my friends other who have encouragement with help

me in completion of this project at University Technical Malaysia Melaka (UTeM).

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ABSTRACT

Near Field Communication Technology (NFC) is a form of very short range

contactless communication for distances up to 4 cm (theoretically 20 cm). NFC is the

descendant or an evolved form of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). Although

technically its working principal is based on RFID, it is more similar to Bluetooth in

applications since it allows communication between active devices. Currently, it has

applications mostly in the field of contactless electronic payment. In this report

briefly discussed the history of NFC and its theory of operation. I described some of

the applications in brief detail and gave examples of how they have been

implemented in other technologically advanced countries. Then proceeded on to

offer suggestions how NFC can be used to enhance services in any exhibition in

Malaysia.

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ABSTRAK

Near Field Communication (NFC) adalah satu bentuk komunikasi jarak tanpa sentuh

untuk jarak sehingga 4 cm (secara teori 20 cm). NFC adalah satu bentuk berkembang

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). Secara umumnya kerja adalah berdasarkan

kepada RFID, ia adalah lebih serupa dengan Bluetooth dalam aplikasi kerana ia

membolehkan komunikasi antara peranti aktif. Pada masa ini, ia mempunyai banyak

aplikasi dalam bidang pembayaran elektronik tanpa sentuh. Dalam laporan ini

membincangkan secara ringkas sejarah NFC dan teori operasinya. Saya menyifatkan

beberapa aplikasi secara terperinci ringkas dan memberikan contoh bagaimana ia

telah dilaksanakan di negara-negara maju dari segi aplikasi yang lain. Kemudiannya

dengan menawarkan cadangan bagaimana NFC boleh digunakan untuk

meningkatkan perkhidmatan di pameran besar yang berada di Malaysia.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER CONTENT PAGE

TITLE OF PROJECT i

REPORT STATUS VERIFICATION FORM ii

DECLARATION iii

APPROVAL iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT v

ABSTRACT vi

TABLE OF CONTENT viii

LIST OF TABLE’S

LIST OF FIGURES

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Problem statement 2

1.3 Project objective 2

1.4 Project scope 3

1.5 Methodology 3

1.6 Organization of report 4

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Background study 5

2.2 NFC technologies 6

2.2.1 What is NFC? 6

2.2.2 History of NFC 6

2.2.3 NFC Mode Operation 8

2.2.4 NFC Chip 9

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2.2.4.1 NXP Semiconductor 9

2.2.4.2 NXP Chip Architecture 9

2.2.4.3 Broadcom 11

2.2.5 Technical Specification 12

2.2.6 NFC Application in Society 12

2.2.7 NFC Advantage 15

2.2.8 NFC Benefits over Other Wireless Communication

Standards 16

2.3 NFC Mobile Payment 17

2.4 Case Study 18

2.4.1 Near Field Communication in Smartphones by

Burkard S. (n.d.). 18

2.4.1.1 Tags (Transponders) 19

2.4.2 Development of an Indoor Navigation System 21

2.4.3 An Assessment of NFC for future Mobile 21

2.5 Comparison between NFC system with others technologies

system 22

3 METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction 24

3.2 Project Planning 24

3.2.1 Gantt chart 25

3.3 Project Flowchart 25

3.4 NFC Tag 27

3.5 NFC Task Launcher 27

3.6 Android (Java) 27

3.7 Project Requirement 28

3.7.1 Software Requirement 28

3.7.2 Hardware Requirements 28

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4 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Introduction 29

4.1.1 Project Findings 29

4.1.2 Project Outcome 30

4.1.3 Quality of Project to the Public 31

4.1.4 Novelty and Inventiveness 32

4.1.5 Potential of Commercialization 32

4.2 Implementation 32

4.2.1 Home page 33

4.2.2 About us 34

4.2.3 Performance & Technology 35

4.2.4 Safety 36

4.2.5 Gallery 37

4.2.6 Contact Us 38

4.3 Problem & Solution 39

5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.0 Introduction 40

5.1 Conclusion 41

5.2 Recommendation 41

REFERENCES 42

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LIST OF TABLES

NO TITLE PAGE

2.1 Type of tag 19

2.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of Tags 20

3.1 Gantt chart for 2013 and 2014 25

LIST OF FIGURES

NO TITLE PAGE

1.1 The Project Scope 3

2.1 Charle Walton NFC inventor 7

2.2 NFC Android Device 9

2.3 Samsung galaxy S with PN65 chip architecture 10

2.4 NEXUS 4 Broadcom BCM20793 NFC controllers on board 11

2.5 Hyundai car using NFC system 13

2.6 User and NFC system 18

2.7 NFC user transfer data 20

2.8 Passive Tag 20

3.1 Flow chart 26

3.2 Example of NFC Tag 27

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, it will explain about introduction, problem statement, project

objective, project scope of Smart Exhibition using NFC System (Near Field

Communication System).

1.1 Introduction

Near field communication (NFC) is a set of standards for smartphones and

similar devices to establish radio communication with each other by touching them

together or bringing them into close proximity, usually no more than a few inches.

Present and anticipated applications include contactless transactions, data exchange,

and simplified setup of more complex communications such as Wi-Fi.

Communication is also possible between an NFC device and an unpowered

NFC chip, called a "tag". Therefore, in this project an NFC technique is proposed to

solve the problem of visitor with application at exhibition. Basically, in exhibition

when the visitor need to know something about the product, the visitor must asking

to the vendor about the product or the vendor put the template at in front of the

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product to shown about the product its make difficult to the visitor to understand

about the product.

However, the NFC system make the visitor more easily when visit the

exhibition. The main objective for this project is to develop about NFC technology

by using mobile phone communication.

1.2 Problem statement

Nowadays, in every exhibition is hard for the visitor to find something about

the product. For example, visitor comes at car exhibition are want to know about one

of the car at exhibition, however the visitor don’t know where to get the information

about the car. Basically in exhibition, at one product like a car there have someone

stand at in front of every booth they will give brochure for every car, then the visitor

will know about the information of the car by read in the brochure. Thus, the Smart

Exhibition using NFC system with passive NFC device is used to the information can

be downloaded to the mobile device. Hence, with using mobile device which is smart

phone, visitor can check the information directly in their smartphone without asking

the vendor to know about the curtain product.

1.3 Objective

There are 3 objectives of this project:

To investigate the use of NFC in exhibition.

To develop NFC technology in the Android system.

To enhancement the exhibition system efficient by using NFC system.

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1.4 Project scope

The scopes of this project are:

This project should be seriously considered and make with full of planning and

other preparation so that this project will be smoothly done in the end of the

semester. The main target for this project is to build the Smart exhibition system by

using NFC system (Near Field Communication) purposely to help visitor when visit

exhibition. It will use the active device for reading and writing of passive NFC tag.

In the other hand, the passive NFC tag can be operating without a battery. The NFC

reader can only detect the NFC tag in distance less than 10cm. the system will be

using C programming language to program the NFC tag. The data will be shared by

using the NFC technology system.

There are two important part in this project which is the Android smartphone

and NFC Tag.

Figure 1.1 The Project Scope

1.5 Methodology

To complete this project, they are several stage to followed and perform. The

first stage is to investigate the use of NFC in exhibition. Second stage is, process of

develop NFC when using Android system. Third stage is final stage that shows how

to use NFC system by using android system in any exhibition want to use this

system.

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1.6 Organization of report

This report consists of 5 chapters organized as follow:

Chapter I: discuss about introduction of this project. Briefly describe about an

introduction to Android OS Platform using Near Field Communication (NFC) for

smart exhibition in general. This chapter provides information about NFC

functionality and how NFC helps to overcome the problem in exhibition. It also

consists of introduction, problem statement, project objective, project scope and

methodology.

Chapter II: contain literature review on past studies about this system and relevant

information related to NFC (Near Field Communication) from the research around

the world.

Chapter III: will discuss about the methodology that have been used in this project.

Methodology is one of the most important things in planning of a project. The project

must be understood first and then followed by further research about the previous

projects that are related to this project.

Chapter IV: describes about the result and discussion. In this chapter, the results of

the project, all the problems encountered and discussion on the works will be

presented. The results that presented here involving the hardware and software part.

Chapter V: Last chapter discussed about conclusion and recommendation of this

final year project for this semester.

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CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Background Study

This chapter explains regarding the literature review which is a description of

the literature relevant to a field or research discussed in chapter I. the review and

research in this chapter will be discuss about the NFC technology and the other topic

is would be the case study on NFC technology.

NFC technology

Case Study about NFC

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2.2 NFC Technologies

2.2.1 What is NFC?

Near Field Communication (NFC) is a short range wireless communication

technology which is evolved from Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). It enables

communication between two NFC enabled devices within few centimeters. NFC is a

type of radio communication standard, much like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and other

networking technologies. It’s different in that it operates at very slow speeds and

only at a short range of just a few centimeters. The communication occurs when two

NFC compatible devices are brought together less than four centimeters, or simply

by touching themselves. It operates at 13.56 MHz and can transfer data up to 424

Kbits per second. NFC communicates through the magnetically induced signals.

Therefore, during transmission, energy is coupled between transceivers instead of

electromagnetic radiation as in traditional wireless communication.

2.2.2 History of NFC

NFC is the advance of RFID that was invented by Carles Walton. Carles

Walton was among the first to patent innovation related to RFID area. He was born

in 1921 and grew up in Maryland and New York and attended Cornell University in

electrical engineering course. He went on to the Stevens Institute of Technology in

Hoboken, New Jersey, where he earned Master’s degree in electrical engineering and

economies of engineering. In 1960, he accepted a position with IBM’s research and

development laboratories where he spent the next decade working on project related

to automatic control and disc drives. In 1970, Walton left IBM and started his own

company. Proximity Devices, in Sunnyvale, California.

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Figure 2.1 Charle Walton NFC inventor

A company called NXP Semiconductors and Sony invented the new NFC

technology in 2002. Many major cellular telephone companies had committed to the

idea of incorporating it in production by year 2004. Many companies began to

incorporate the specification for their product in two year later that was in 2006. The

product such as NFC tags, smart tags and smart posters we introduced. There’s

technologies would allow the user to collect videos, music, photo or other product

information by using their phone by receiving or sending device. This very same

year the Nokia 6131 was the first phone produces and sold to include NFC chips to

enable them to use and to be compatible with NFC smart point. In 2009 P2P or peer

to peer application were applied to NFC technology which allowed its users to send

pictures, music and movies to other NFC enabled phones using Bluetooth or other

NFC connections. In 2010, the first Android operating system to incorporate with

NFC technology is Samsung Nexus S smartphone. Within the next five years it is

expected that over half of all phones manufactured will be NFC enabled with even

more than that by the end of the decade. Whether people want to use it or not, they

will have it. The only limitation in the coming years is it cannot be made to be

mandatory for anything unless the company plans to alienate a huge percentage of

the population.

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2.2.3 NFC Mode Operation

Based on NFC Forum, there are three main NFC operation mode

1. Reader/Writer mode: In the reader/writer mode, NFC devices can read and

write data from/to NFC tags and smart card, NFC device acts as an initiator

and passive tag is the target. Passive tags do not need any source of power.

Active NFC device create magnetic inductive coupling and transfers energy

to smart card when it gets close enough. After the smart card is powered,

communication starts. In this mode of communication the data speed can

increase up to 106 Kbit/sec.

2. Card Emulation mode: In the card emulation mode, NFC device acts as an

RFID card and other NFC devices can read data from this NFC device. The

advantage of this mode is that there is not any need for NFC tags or a RFID

card, and stored information in the NFC device is used for further operations.

NFC Operation

Mode

Reader/

Writer

Tag Emulation

Peer-to-Peer

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Sony

Xperia S

Xperia P

Huawei

Sonic

3. Pear-to-Pear mode: In the peer-to-peer mode, two devices can exchange

data at link-level. This mode is standardized on the ISO/IEC 18092 standard,

and allows data speed up to 424 Kbit/sec.

Figure 2.2 NFC Android Devices

2.2.4 NFC Chip

2.2.4.1 NXP Semiconductor

One of the leading chip manufactured that produce NFC chip is NXP

Semiconductor NXP provides high performance mixed signal and standard product

solution that leverage its leading radio frequency, analog, power management,

interface, security and digital processing expertise.

2.2.4.2 NXP Chip Architecture

Figure 2.3 below shows the overview of Samsung galaxy S component with

PN65 with NFC chip from NXP. There are also other semiconductor companies such

as Inside Secure offers open source implementation of NFC stack.

Samsung

Galaxy S III

Galaxy Note

Galaxy Nexus

Nexus 5

Galaxy S advance

HTC

EVO 4G LTE